Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Cardiology for August 2012. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
New Treatment Available for Repeated Occlusion of Arteries
FRIDAY, Aug. 31 (HealthDay News) -- A new endovascular brachytherapy (EVBT) procedure using liquid beta-emitting rhenium-188 (Re-188) is safe and effective in preventing restenosis in people with long-segment femoropopliteal in-stent stenosis (ISS), according to research published in the August issue of the Journal of Endovascular Therapy.
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Even Normal Range Albuminuria Ups Cardiovascular Risk
FRIDAY, Aug. 31 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with type 2 diabetes with normal albumin levels, any degree of albuminuria is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, according to a study published online Aug. 30 in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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Lower Prostate Cancer-Specific Death With Anticoagulant Use
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Anticoagulant (AC) therapy, particularly aspirin, is associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) among men treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT), according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
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Similar Rate of CV Events With Atenolol, Metoprolol Tartrate
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- There are no significant differences in the rates of incident myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, or stroke for patients with hypertension starting treatment with atenolol or metoprolol tartrate, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Only Female Gender Ups Stoke Risk in A-Fib Patients ≥75 Years
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), female gender increases the risk of stroke only in patients aged 75 years or older, according to a study presented at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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Lacunar Stroke Outcomes No Better With Dual Antiplatelets
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Treating patients with recent lacunar strokes with dual antiplatelet therapy (clopidogrel plus aspirin) is not associated with a reduction in the risk of recurrent stroke, and correlates with significant increases in the risk of major hemorrhage and death, according to research published in the Aug. 30 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Eating Chocolate May Lower Stroke Risk for Men
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- In men, moderate chocolate consumption on a regular basis may lower the risk of any type of stroke by about 17 to 19 percent, according to research published online Aug. 29 in Neurology.
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No 30-Day Mortality Reduction With Intraaortic Balloon Pump
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction, for whom early revascularization strategy is planned, intraaortic balloon counterpulsation does not significantly lower 30-day mortality, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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Subclinical Atherosclerosis Noted in Diffuse Scleroderma
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis (SSc), without any clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease, have indicators of subclinical atherosclerosis, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in Arthritis Care & Research.
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Long-Term Thrombosis Rates Similar for Drug-Eluting Stents
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Two types of drug-eluting stents with distinct antiproliferative properties have similar long-term rates of stent thrombosis and outcomes, including death and heart attack, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in The Lancet to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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Functional Flow Reserve CT Improves Diagnosis of CAD
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Noninvasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) computed from computed tomography (CT) (FFRCT) plus CT improves the diagnostic accuracy of coronary artery disease (CAD) compared with CT alone, according to a study published online Aug. 26 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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STEMI Mortality Down in France From 1995 to 2010
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) mortality declined in France from 1995 to 2010 due to greater use of reperfusion therapy and early admission and medications as well as changes in patient characteristics, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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New Diagnostic Definition of Myocardial Infarction Issued
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- An updated universal definition of myocardial infarction (MI) includes detection of a rise and/or fall in cardiac biomarker values, preferably cardiac troponin (cTn), according to a statement published online Aug. 26 in Circulation to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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New Class of Drugs Shows Promise for Heart Failure
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- After 12 weeks of treatment, the first-in-class angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, LCZ696, lowers N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II to III heart failure and preserves left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) significantly more than valsartan, according to a study published online Aug. 26 in The Lancet to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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For Patients With Prior MI, Vorapaxar Cuts Cardiac Events
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- When added to standard antiplatelet treatment, including aspirin, the protease-activated receptor 1 inhibitor vorapaxar reduces the risk of a primary end point of cardiovascular (CV) death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke, for patients with a history of MI, according to a study published online Aug. 26 in The Lancet to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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Myeloperoxidase Marker of Inflammation in Obese Children
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- In obese prepubertal children, myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an early biomarker of inflammation and cardiovascular disease risk, according to a study published online Aug. 21 in Diabetes Care.
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In Acute Ischemic Stroke, New Devices Top Merci Retriever
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- New devices may be superior to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved Merci Retriever for flow restoration in acute ischemic stroke, according to two studies published online Aug. 26 in The Lancet to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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Prasugrel, Clopidogrel Similar for Acute Coronary Syndromes
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with unstable angina or myocardial infarction without ST-segment elevation who do not undergo revascularization, intensified platelet inhibition with prasugrel does not reduce the frequency of the primary end point (death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or stroke) and has similar risks of bleeding as clopidogrel, according to a study published online Aug. 26 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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In Type 2 DM, Proteinuria With SBP <130 Ups CVD Mortality
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with type 2 diabetes, proteinuria, and systolic blood pressure (BP) <130 mm Hg are at an increased risk of total and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, suggesting that proteinuria should be taken into account when establishing target systolic BP levels for prevention of fatal CVD events, according to research published online Aug. 14 in the Journal of Internal Medicine.
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Muscle-Related Statin Effects Seem to Correlate With Potency
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- The rates of muscle-related adverse effects (AEs) differ greatly for various statins, with the highest reported rates seen for rosuvastatin, according to research published online Aug. 22 in PLoS One.
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Mortality Rates Down for Adult Trauma Patients in Last Decade
THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- The mortality rate for adult patients admitted to trauma centers in Pennsylvania has declined over the past decade, according to research published in the August issue of the Archives of Surgery.
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Psychological Consequences Up for Spouses of MI Victims
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Spouses of individuals who have a sudden heart attack are more likely to experience depression, anxiety, and suicide, even if the individual survives, than spouses of those who experience other illnesses, according to a study published online Aug. 21 in the European Heart Journal.
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Lower MI Risk With TNF Inhibitor Therapy for Psoriasis
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with psoriasis who are treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors have a significantly lower risk and incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) compared with those who are treated with topical agents, according to a study published online Aug. 20 in the Archives of Dermatology.
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T Cells Key in Atherosclerosis-Linked Inflammation
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- In a mouse model of atherosclerosis, CD4+ T cells interact with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the presence of cognate antigen, leading to cell activation and proliferation and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, according to an experimental study published online Aug. 13 in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.
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Drug-Eluting Stents Lead to Fewer Adverse Cardiac Events
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Among ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, the use of biolimus-eluting stents with biodegradable polymer results in a lower rate of major adverse cardiac events, compared with patients with bare-metal stents, at one year following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), according to a study published in the Aug. 22/29 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Novel Risk Markers Improve Prediction of Heart Disease
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- The addition of certain novel risk markers can improve risk prediction for incident coronary heart disease (CHD) or cardiovascular disease (CVD) above that of the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in intermediate-risk individuals; while the addition of the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) offers limited improvement in risk prediction for first-time myocardial infarction or stroke, above that of the FRS, according to two studies published in the Aug. 22/29 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Evidence-Based Public Health Interventions Identified
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Evidence-based public health interventions to improve dietary habits, increase physical activity, and reduce tobacco use are identified in an American Heart Association scientific statement published online Aug. 20 in Circulation.
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Study Identifies Sleep Apnea in 50 Percent of Women
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Half of adult women aged 20 to 70 years may have obstructive sleep apnea, which correlates with age, obesity, and hypertension, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in the European Respiratory Journal.
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Family Hx of Early Death Ups Risk of Early Cardiac Disease
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- The risk of early cardiovascular disease in patients younger than 50 years of age is significantly and consistently increased for those with a family history of premature cardiovascular death, according to a study published in the Aug. 28 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Resting Heart Rate Predicts Overall, Cardiovascular Mortality
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- High resting heart rates seem to be predictive of increased risk for overall and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and shorter survival times, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.
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Increased Stroke Risk at 30-Days Post-CABG Versus PCI
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- The risk of stroke at 30 days is significantly higher in patients who undergo coronary revascularization with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery compared to those who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), according to research published in the Aug. 28 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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2012 Indicators of Well-Being for Older Americans Issued
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- The estimates of selected indicators for well-being for older Americans for 2012 have been released by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics.
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Study Links Eating Egg Yolks With Carotid Plaque Area
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Eating three or more egg yolks, which are high in cholesterol, per week may increase the rate of carotid plaque area build-up, according to a study published online Aug. 10 in Atherosclerosis.
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Urinary BPA Increased in Severe Coronary Artery Disease
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure, as measured by urinary BPA (uBPA) concentrations, is higher in individuals with severe coronary artery disease (CAD) compared to those with no vessel disease, according to a study published online Aug. 15 in PLoS One.
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Good Transplant Outcomes in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Post-heart transplant survival does not differ significantly between patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) and those with other types of heart disease, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.
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Post-Intracerebral Bleed, BP Control Poorer for Blacks
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Blood pressure (BP) control is poor at 30 days and one year after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), particularly among black patients, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in Stroke.
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Exenatide Has Hemodynamic Effects in Healthy Men
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- The glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, exenatide, used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, has significant acute hemodynamic effects on healthy volunteers, according to a study published in the September issue of the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.
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Chronic Kidney Disease Increases Stroke Risk in A-Fib
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with atrial fibrillation who have chronic kidney disease are at higher risk of stroke or systemic thromboembolism and bleeding, according to a study published in the Aug. 16 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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ABO Blood Group Correlated With Coronary Heart Disease
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- There is a significantly elevated risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD) among individuals with blood group A, B, or AB compared with those with blood group O, according to a study published online Aug. 14 in Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology.
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One-Hour Algorithm Safe for Rule-Out/Rule-In of Acute MI
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- An algorithm using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-CTnT) levels at baseline and after one hour can be used to successfully rule out or accurately diagnose acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the majority of patients who present with acute chest pain, according to research published online Aug. 13 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Cocoa Flavanols May Improve Cognitive Function in Elderly
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Regular consumption of cocoa flavanols may be associated with improved cognitive functioning in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Hypertension.
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Poor Follow-Up of Hospital Tests Often Due to Late Orders
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Poor follow-up of test results at or after discharge from the hospital is often due to tests requested on the day of discharge, according to a letter to the editor published online Aug. 13 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Regular Exercise in Middle Age Lowers Inflammatory Markers
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Middle-aged adults who have regularly engaged in physical activity for more than a decade appear to benefit from lower markers of inflammation, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Circulation.
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Aspirin Use Again Linked to Slightly Lower Cancer Mortality
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Daily aspirin use is associated with lower overall cancer mortality, but the association may be smaller than previously reported, according to a study published online Aug. 10 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
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Cataract Risk Up for Statin Users With Type 2 Diabetes
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Statin use, which is substantially higher in patients with type 2 diabetes, correlates with an increased risk of age-related (AR) cataracts, according to a study published in the August issue of Optometry and Vision Science.
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Statin Benefits Outweigh Risk of Developing Diabetes
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- Statins increase the risk of developing diabetes, but only in individuals already at risk of the disease, and the benefits of statins in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and death outweigh the risks, according to a study published in the Aug. 11 issue of The Lancet.
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Underinsurance Tied to Higher Death Risk After Cardio Events
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- Being underinsured correlates with increased mortality after acute cardiovascular events, while race is not associated with increased mortality, according to a study published online July 21 in the Journal of General Internal Medicine.
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Psyllium Reduces Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors
THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Consumption of the fiber supplement psyllium correlates with reductions in risk factors for metabolic syndrome, according to a study published online Aug. 5 in Obesity Reviews.
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CDC: Increase in Prevalence of Walking in the United States
THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- The prevalence of walking (defined as walking for leisure or transportation in at least one bout of 10 minutes or more in the last week) increased in the United States from 2005 to 2010, with an increased likelihood of meeting the aerobic physical activity guideline noted for walkers, according to a study published in the Aug. 7 early-release issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity & Mortality Weekly.
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Ventricular Assist Device Beneficial in Youth Heart Failure
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 8 (HealthDay News) -- For children with severe heart failure, use of a ventricular assist device as a bridge to heart transplantation is associated with improved survival compared with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), according to a study published in the Aug. 9 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Bariatric Surgery Cuts MI Incidence in Obese With T2DM
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 8 (HealthDay News) -- For obese individuals with type 2 diabetes, bariatric surgery reduces the incidence of some cardiovascular events, specifically myocardial infarction, according to a study published online Aug. 1 in Diabetes Care.
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Mortality Up for Normal-Weight Adults With Incident Diabetes
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Normal-weight adults who are diagnosed with new-onset diabetes have an increased mortality risk, compared with overweight/obese adults, according to a study published in the Aug. 8 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Recent Trends Favorable for Lipid Levels in U.S. Youth
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Among U.S. youth, positive trends were noted in serum lipid concentrations in the period from 1988-1994 to 2007-2010, according to a study published in the Aug. 8 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Photosensitizing Antihypertensive Meds Up Risk of Lip Cancer
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- For non-Hispanic whites, long-term treatment with photosensitizing antihypertensive agents correlates with an increased likelihood of lip cancer, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Skin Intrinsic Fluorescence Tied to Coronary Artery Disease
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Skin intrinsic fluorescence (SIF) is significantly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) in middle-aged adults with a long duration of type 1 diabetes, according to a study published online July 30 in Diabetes Care.
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Implantable Defibrillators Cut Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests
MONDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- The use of implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICDs) has been responsible for about one-third of the reduction in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) having ventricular fibrillation (VF) as the initial recorded rhythm, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in Circulation.
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Rap1 Plays Role in Smooth Muscle Cell Vasoconstriction
MONDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- The Ras-related small GTPase, Rap1, couples to RhoA, and is involved in relocalization of G protein-coupled α2C-adrenoceptors (α2CARs) in smooth muscle cells derived from human dermal arterioles (microVSM), according to a study published online May 23 in the American Journal of Physiology -- Cell Physiology.
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Almost Half of U.S. Adults Have at Least One CVD Risk Factor
FRIDAY, Aug. 3 (HealthDay News) -- In 2009 to 2010, almost half of U.S. adults age 20 or older had at least one of three major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), according to an August data brief issued by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
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Epicardial Fat Tissue Thickness Predicts Coronary Artery Disease
FRIDAY, Aug. 3 (HealthDay News) -- Asymptomatic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have significantly more epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) than those without CAD, with an average EAT thickness of 2.4 mm or higher predictive of significant CAD, according to a study published online in the August issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.
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Smokers Substituting Cigars, Loose Tobacco for Cigarettes
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- The popularity of cigarette smoking in the United States continues to decline, but it appears many smokers are turning to less heavily taxed cigars and loose tobacco, according to a report published in the Aug. 3 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report.
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Clinicians Can Unintentionally Prompt Nocebo Effect
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- The nocebo effect, or induction of a symptom perceived as negative by sham treatment and/or the suggestion of negative expectation, may arise from suggestions by doctors and nurses, according to a study published in Deutsches Ärzteblatt International.
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Exercise, Drugs Compared for Depression Tx in CHD Patients
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with coronary heart disease, aerobic exercise and the antidepressant sertraline are both associated with reduced depressive symptoms when compared to placebo, and they both tend to improve heart rate variability, according to a study published online Aug. 1 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Multiple Factors Motivate No Reperfusion in STEMI
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- For patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the decision for no reperfusion is usually multifactorial, with the most common factor being advanced age, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.
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Exercise Linked to Less Depression in Heart Failure
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with heart failure, exercise training is associated with a modest reduction in depression symptoms, according to a study published in the Aug. 1 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Monitoring Development Is Key in Congenital Heart Disease
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk of developmental disorders or disabilities and developmental delay, and consequently benefit from periodic developmental surveillance, screening, evaluation, and reevaluation to identify significant deficits, according to an American Heart Association scientific statement published online July 30 in Circulation.
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Endoscopic, Open Vein-Graft Harvesting Outcomes Similar
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- For patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, use of endoscopic vein-graft harvesting is associated with similar long-term outcomes, with no significant difference in mortality rates, when compared with open vein-graft harvesting, according to a study published in the Aug. 1 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Psychological Distress Linked to Increased Mortality
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- There is a dose-response association for psychological distress and the risk of several causes of mortality, with increased mortality seen even at lower levels of distress, according to a meta-analysis published July 31 in BMJ.
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