THURSDAY, JULY 23, 2009 (HealthDay News) -- Doctors have been unable to help injured heart tissue renew itself after a heart attack -- until now.
During a heart attack, vessels that supply blood to the heart become blocked, preventing enough oxygen from getting through. The heart muscle dies or is permanently damaged.
But researchers at Children's Hospital Boston report progress toward someday being able to regenerate heart tissue after a heart attack or heart failure and even in children who are born with congenital heart defects.
In a study on mice, they showed that neuregulin 1 (NRG1), a growth factor involved in the development of the heart and nervous system, can fuel heart-muscle growth and recovery of cardiac function when injected after a heart attack.
This is a significant development because coronary heart disease, which causes heart attack and angina, is the leading cause of death in America.
After birth, heart-muscle cells stop dividing and proliferating. But experts, led by Dr. Bernhard Kuhn and Kevin Bersell of the cardiology department at Children's, restarted the cell cycle with NRG1, spurring the heart-muscle cells to divide and make copies of themselves.
When the team injected NRG1 into live mice once a day for three months after the animals had heart attacks, heart regeneration increased and the pumping function improved, compared with untreated mice.
In addition, the NRG1-injected mice did not show some common aftereffects of heart failure.
The study, funded by the cardiology department at Children's Hospital Boston, the Charles Hood Foundation and the American Heart Association, found that cell growth does not have to come from stem cells. A report on the research appears in the July 24 issue of Cell.
"Although many efforts have focused on stem cell-based strategies, our work suggests that stem cells aren't required and that stimulating differentiated cardiomyocytes [heart-muscle cells] to proliferate may be a viable alternative," Kuhn, the study's senior investigator, said in a news release from the hospital.
More information
The American Heart Association has tips on maintaining a healthy heart.
