Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Diabetes & Endocrinology for December 2008. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
Gastric Bypass Can Reverse Diabetes in Very Obese Teens
TUESDAY, Dec. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Roux-en-Y gastric bypass can improve insulin resistance, β-cell function and cardiovascular risk factors in extremely obese adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus, although the long-term efficacy is unknown, researchers report in the January issue of Pediatrics.
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Kidney Disease Predicts Cardiovascular Mortality
MONDAY, Dec. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Chronic kidney disease may be as important a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality as is diabetes mellitus or prior myocardial infarction in elderly patients, according to research published Dec. 15 in the American Journal of Cardiology.
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Thiazolidinediones Not Linked to Polyp Development
THURSDAY, Dec. 25 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with type 2 diabetes, thiazolidinedione therapy does not appear to increase the risk of colonic neoplasia, researchers report in the December issue of Gastroenterology.
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Low Birth Weight Associated with Higher Risk of Diabetes
TUESDAY, Dec. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Low birth weight is associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood, according to research published in the Dec. 24/31 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Elevated Body Mass Index Raises Heart Failure Risk in Men
TUESDAY, Dec. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Overweight as well as obese men are at higher risk of heart failure than lean men, while vigorous exercise reduces this risk, according to a report published online Dec. 22 in Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.
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Glycemic Control Goals in Diabetes Unchanged
MONDAY, Dec. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with diabetes should continue to maintain glycemic control with a target hemoglobin A1C less than 7 percent despite the results of recent clinical trials, according to a position statement published online Dec. 17 in Diabetes Care.
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Teen Smoking Linked to Subsequent Abdominal Obesity
FRIDAY, Dec. 19 (HealthDay News) -- Adolescents who smoke -- especially women -- may have an increased risk of abdominal obesity as young adults, according to a report published online Dec. 4 in the American Journal of Public Health.
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Testosterone Undecanoate Benefits Hypogonadal Men
FRIDAY, Dec. 19 (HealthDay News) -- In men with hypogonadism, intramuscular injection of long-acting testosterone undecanoate results in a sustained, consistent serum testosterone in the normal range, researchers report in the December issue of the Journal of Urology.
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Thyroid Hormone Receptors Regulate Angiogenesis
FRIDAY, Dec. 19 (HealthDay News) -- Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) are important for coronary angiogenesis, and normal vascular density can be restored after injury by chronic triiodothyronine (T3) treatment, according to a study published online Dec. 12 in Endocrinology.
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Vitamin D Status Is Low in Youths with Type 1 Diabetes
FRIDAY, Dec. 19 (HealthDay News) -- More than 75 percent of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes do not have sufficient levels of vitamin D, according to study findings published in the January issue of the Journal of Pediatrics.
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Blood Pressure Linked to Melanocortin Pathway
THURSDAY, Dec. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Central melanocortinergic tone significantly effects blood pressure, and may contribute to the impact of weight loss and obesity on blood pressure, according to data published online Dec. 17 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Benefits of Tighter Glucose Control in Diabetics Studied
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Tighter control of glucose levels in veterans with type 2 diabetes did not improve their rates of cardiovascular events, death or microvascular complications, according to the results of a study published online Dec. 17 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Psoriasis Associated with Higher Risk of Hyperleptinemia
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Psoriasis has been linked to hyperleptinemia, which in turn is associated with a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome, according to research published in the December issue of the Archives of Dermatology.
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Low-Glycemic Diet Beneficial in Type 2 Diabetes
TUESDAY, Dec. 16 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with type 2 diabetes, a low-glycemic index diet may be more effective at reducing HbA1C levels than a high-cereal fiber diet, according to a report published in the Dec. 17 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Diabetic Cancer Patients Have Higher Mortality
TUESDAY, Dec. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with newly diagnosed cancer are at higher risk of death from all causes if they also have pre-existing diabetes, researchers report in the Dec. 17 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Serotonin Agonist Associated with Weight Loss
MONDAY, Dec. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Lorcaserin, a selective serotonin 2C (5-HT2C) agonist, demonstrated effectiveness for weight reduction in obese individuals over a 12-week period, according to research published online Dec. 4 in the journal Obesity.
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Sibling Data Reveals Social Factors in Adolescent Weight
MONDAY, Dec. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Contrary to findings from behavioral genetics, the connection between parental obesity and weight of their adolescent offspring has both social and genetic components, according to research published in a November supplement of the American Journal of Sociology.
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High Obesity Projections for 2012 in England
MONDAY, Dec. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Approximately one-third of adults in England are projected to be obese by 2012, of whom nearly half are expected to be from lower social classes, according to a report published online Dec. 11 in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.
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High Resting Heart Rate Linked to Obesity and Diabetes
FRIDAY, Dec. 12 (HealthDay News) -- A resting heart rate of 80 beats per minute and higher is associated with an increased risk of developing obesity and diabetes two decades later, according to the results of a study published online Dec. 11 in the American Journal of Hypertension. In a related study in the Dec. 12 issue of Science, a mutation in a protein that breaks down triglycerides leads to lower serum triglycerides and fewer signs of atherosclerosis.
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Thiazolidinediones Linked to Fractures in Women
FRIDAY, Dec. 12 (HealthDay News) -- The long-term use of thiazolidinediones in women with type 2 diabetes is associated with a higher risk of fractures, according to the results of a meta-analysis published in the Jan. 6 issue of CMAJ, the journal of the Canadian Medical Association.
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Insulin Proteins Affect Colon Cancer Mortality
THURSDAY, Dec. 11 (HealthDay News) -- High levels of two insulin-related proteins associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity, diet and physical activity affect the risk of dying from colon cancer, according to the results of a study published online Dec. 8 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
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Type 1 Diabetes and Celiac Disease Share Common Genes
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 10 (HealthDay News) -- Celiac disease and type 1 diabetes share common genetic variants, according to research released online Dec. 10 in advance of publication in the Dec. 25 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Obesity-Causing Gene Linked to Food Intake, Not Energy Use
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 10 (HealthDay News) -- The rs9939609 variant of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene, previously found to confer predisposition to obesity, is not involved in energy expenditure regulation but may be linked with food choices, researchers report in the Dec. 11 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Vitamin D Growth Inhibition of Prostate Cancer Explained
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 10 (HealthDay News) -- The ability of vitamin D to block the growth of prostate cancer can be partially explained by its activation of Mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS), according to a report published online Dec. 4 in Endocrinology.
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Economic Incentives Promote Weight Loss
TUESDAY, Dec. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Economic incentives are an effective strategy for promoting weight loss, but their long-term benefit is uncertain, according to research published Dec. 10 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Mediterranean Diet Can Help Manage Metabolic Syndrome
TUESDAY, Dec. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Patients at risk for the metabolic syndrome can benefit from a traditional Mediterranean diet enriched with nuts, according to the results of a study published in the Dec. 8/22 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Macular Edema Adds to Cost Burden for Elderly Diabetics
TUESDAY, Dec. 9 (HealthDay News) -- New-onset diabetic macular edema in elderly patients increases medical costs by almost one-third, according to a report published in the December issue of the Archives of Ophthalmology.
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Eye Disease Burden to Grow Along with Diabetes Epidemic
MONDAY, Dec. 8 (HealthDay News) -- As more Americans develop diabetes, so the burden of diabetes-related eye diseases will increase, according to research published in the December issue of the Archives of Ophthalmology.
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Obese Children Show Altered Thyroid Structure, Function
MONDAY, Dec. 8 (HealthDay News) -- Frequent alterations in thyroid structure and function occur in overweight or obese children, according to the results of a study published in the December issue of the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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Pulmonary Disease May Increase Risk of Osteoporosis
MONDAY, Dec. 8 (HealthDay News) -- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may increase the risk of developing osteoporosis, according to the results of a study published in the December issue of the journal Chest.
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Drug-Eluting Stents Linked to Better Outcomes in Diabetics
MONDAY, Dec. 8 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with diabetes mellitus, the use of drug-eluting stents is associated with a significantly decreased risk of in-stent restenosis, target lesion revascularization and heart attacks during follow-up compared with the use of bare-metal stents, according to a report published in the Nov. 15 issue of the American Journal of Cardiology.
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Alkaline Supplementation May Improve Skeletal Health
MONDAY, Dec. 8 (HealthDay News) -- Older adults may experience a decrease in bone loss as a result of increasing the alkali content of their diet, according to research released online in October in advance of publication in an upcoming issue of the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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Patients Conflicted About Frozen Embryo Disposition
MONDAY, Dec. 8 (HealthDay News) -- After treatment, fertility patients face a conundrum concerning the disposition of cryopreserved embryos, and may either prefer unavailable options such as research donation or reject available options such as reproductive donation or thawing and discarding, according to an article published online Dec. 5 in Fertility and Sterility.
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Drug Therapies Studied for Atherosclerosis
FRIDAY, Dec. 5 (HealthDay News) -- Atherosclerosis was not dramatically improved by either the fibrate fenofibrate or a combination treatment with statins plus ezetimibe, according to two studies published online Dec. 3 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Depression Linked to Abdominal Obesity Gains
THURSDAY, Dec. 4 (HealthDay News) -- Older people with depression may be at increased risk of developing abdominal obesity, according to research published in the December issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.
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Source of New Pancreatic Islet Cells Identified
THURSDAY, Dec. 4 (HealthDay News) -- Duct cells are the source of new pancreatic islet cells after birth and after injury in mice, which could provide new islets for diabetics, according to research published online Dec. 3 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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Depression, Anxiety Linked to Bone Health in Girls
THURSDAY, Dec. 4 (HealthDay News) -- Adolescent girls with symptoms of depression and anxiety may have a greater risk of poor bone health, according to research published in the December issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.
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Brain Pathway Activated by Weight-Loss Drug Identified
THURSDAY, Dec. 4 (HealthDay News) -- The brain receptor activated by the weight-loss drug fen-phen, which was withdrawn from the market in the 1990s due to toxic side effects, plays an important role in food intake and energy balance, and its presence on neurons in the hypothalamus is particularly important, according to research published in the Nov. 26 issue of Neuron. The findings could help researchers develop safer weight-loss drugs.
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Vitamin D Deficiency Linked to Cardiovascular Disease
TUESDAY, Dec. 2 (HealthDay News) -- Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher frequency of cardiovascular disease, according to a study in the Dec. 1 issue of the American Journal of Cardiology. A related review in the Dec. 9 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology discusses the links between vitamin D deficiency, cardiovascular disease and insulin resistance.
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Vitamin K Protective Against Insulin Resistance in Men
MONDAY, Dec. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Daily supplementation with phylloquinone (vitamin K) over three years protects against insulin resistance in older men, but not women, according to data released online in advance of publication in an upcoming issue of Diabetes Care.
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Investigational Drug Potent Estrogen Antagonist in Mice
MONDAY, Dec. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Compared with the conventional selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) raloxifene and lasofoxifene, the investigational SERM bazedoxifene is a more potent antagonist of estrogen activity in both the uterus and mammary gland of mice, according to research published online Nov. 20 in Endocrinology.
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Growth Factor Treats Obesity and Fatty Liver Disease in Mice
MONDAY, Dec. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Treatment with the growth factor and metabolic regulator fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) lowers body fat and reduces hepatosteatosis, implicating its therapeutic potential to treat obesity and fatty liver disease, according to research in mice published in the November issue of Endocrinology.
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