Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Diabetes & Endocrinology for February 2012. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
More Added Sugar Calories Come From Food Than Drink
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Added sugar consumption is highest in non-Hispanic white children and adolescents and comes mainly from food, not beverages, consumed at home, according to a February data brief issued by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
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Despite Benefits of Selenium, Supplements May Be Harmful
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 29 (HealthDay News) -- While selenium is necessary for good health, levels that are too high can be harmful, and people whose serum selenium levels are already at least 122 µ/L should not take supplements, according to a review published online Feb. 29 in The Lancet.
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Behavioral Intervention Slims Waistlines of Obese Men
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 29 (HealthDay News) -- A behavioral intervention to improve physical activity and diet in obese patients is more effective at slimming the waistlines of men than women, according to a study published online Feb. 27 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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BPA Exposure Possibly Linked to Future Heart Disease
TUESDAY, Feb. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Healthy people exposed to higher levels of the controversial chemical bisphenol A (BPA), found in plastics, may be more likely to develop heart disease, according to a study published online Feb. 21 in Circulation.
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Drug Ups Effect of Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Cancer
TUESDAY, Feb. 28 (HealthDay News) -- The efficacy of gemcitabine in treating pancreatic cancer can be greatly improved by a second drug that increases gemcitabine levels by preventing its breakdown, according to a study published online Feb. 28 in Cancer Discovery.
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FDA Approves Label Changes for Statins
TUESDAY, Feb. 28 (HealthDay News) -- The recommendation to remove routine monitoring of liver enzymes is among safety label changes recently approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration for statins, according to a Feb. 28 Drug Safety Communication issued by the agency.
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Fast Heart Rate Predictive of Cardiac Events in High-Risk HTN
TUESDAY, Feb. 28 (HealthDay News) -- A fast heart rate is a strong predictor of adverse cardiac events in patients with high-risk hypertension, according to a study published in the March 1 issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.
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Vitamin D Linked to Reduced Pain in Primary Dysmenorrhea
TUESDAY, Feb. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Treatment with cholecalciferol, which rapidly enhances 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]D), is associated with decreased pain and reduced nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use for women with primary dysmenorrhea, according to a letter published in the Feb. 27 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Less Than Half of New Diabetes Patients Achieve A1C Goals
TUESDAY, Feb. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Less than half of newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes achieve A1C <7 percent, and those that do achieve it more likely started with lower A1C levels, according to a study published in the March issue of Diabetes Care.
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Many Obese With CKD Want to Lose Weight
MONDAY, Feb. 27 (HealthDay News) -- Many overweight patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) want to lose weight and are utilizing weight loss methods that may further kidney damage, according to a study published online Jan. 31 in the International Journal of Obesity.
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TAK-875 Improves Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes
MONDAY, Feb. 27 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with type 2 diabetes who do not respond to diet or metformin treatment, selective pharmacological activation of the free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1) by TAK-875 improves glycemic control, according to a phase 2 study published online Feb. 27 in The Lancet.
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Active Video Games May Not Increase Activity in Children
MONDAY, Feb. 27 (HealthDay News) -- Receiving active video games does not increase children's physical activity levels compared with receiving inactive video games, according to a study published online Feb. 27 in Pediatrics.
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Combo of Diabetes, Depression Increases Post-MI Mortality
MONDAY, Feb. 27 (HealthDay News) -- Having both diabetes and depression significantly increases the risk of dying in the years following a heart attack, beyond the increased risk from either condition alone, according to a study published in the March issue of Diabetes Care.
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Human Ovaries Contain Oocyte-Producing Stem Cells
MONDAY, Feb. 27 (HealthDay News) -- Human ovaries contain rare mitotically active stem cells that can be purified and used to generate oocytes, as has been previously shown in mice, according to a study published online Feb. 26 in Nature Medicine.
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Bolus Calculation, Flexible Insulin Up Diabetes Control
FRIDAY, Feb. 24 (HealthDay News) -- A structured course teaching the benefits of automated bolus calculator (ABC) use and flexible intensive insulin therapy (FIIT) improves metabolic control and satisfaction in patients with type 1 diabetes, according to a study published online Feb. 16 in Diabetes Care.
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Family History Ups Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
THURSDAY, Feb. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Family history of thyroid cancer in a first-degree relative may be associated with an increased risk of sporadic differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), according to a study published in the March 1 issue of Cancer.
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C-Peptide Still Produced After Decades of Diabetes
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Some patients who have had type 1 diabetes for decades can still produce C-peptide and respond to hyperglycemia, suggesting residual β-cell function, according to a study published in the March issue of Diabetes Care.
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Highest Diabetes Death Rates Seen in Trials Selecting for CKD
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 22 (HealthDay News) -- In type 2 diabetes patients selected for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with the highest overall risk of mortality, according to a review published online Feb. 21 in the Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease.
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Medtronic Stent Approved to Treat Coronary Artery Disease
TUESDAY, Feb. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Medtronic's Resolute Integrity Drug-Eluting Stent (DES) has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for people with coronary artery disease (CAD), the Minneapolis-based company said in a news release.
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Women With MI More Likely to Present Without Chest Pain
TUESDAY, Feb. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Women suffering a myocardial infarction (MI) are more likely than men of the same age to present without chest pain and have higher in-hospital mortality, according to a study published in the Feb. 22 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Insulin Acts As Satiety Signal in Postprandial Period
TUESDAY, Feb. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Brain insulin may act as a satiety signal during the postprandial period and is associated with decreased appetite and reduced intake of highly palatable food, according to a study published online Feb. 16 in Diabetes.
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Resistance Training Improves Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes
TUESDAY, Feb. 21 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with type 2 diabetes, aerobic training and resistance training both result in improved metabolic features, insulin sensitivity, and reduced abdominal fat, according to a study published online Feb. 16 in Diabetes Care.
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Korlym Approved for Cushing's Syndrome
MONDAY, Feb. 20 (HealthDay News) -- Korlym (mifepristone) has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat endogenous Cushing's syndrome.
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Substituting Fructose for Other Carbs Doesn't Up Weight Gain
MONDAY, Feb. 20 (HealthDay News) -- Evidence suggests that fructose is unlikely to cause weight gain when substituted for other carbohydrates in diets with similar numbers of calories, but does increase weight gain in hypercaloric diets, according to a review published in the Feb. 21 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Psychiatric History Common in Gender Identity Disorder
MONDAY, Feb. 20 (HealthDay News) -- Young patients presenting with gender identity disorder often have significant psychiatric history; and youth in the top decile of gender nonconformity have elevated exposure to abuse, according to two studies published online Feb. 20 in Pediatrics.
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Group-Based Lifestyle Program Beneficial in Prediabetes
MONDAY, Feb. 20 (HealthDay News) -- A group-based diabetes education and lifestyle program is associated with improvements in healthy eating, physical activity, and motivation and mood, and reduces waist circumference and weight in individuals with prediabetes, according to a study published online Feb. 14 in Diabetes Care.
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Lipid Sensor GPR120 Linked to Obesity in Mice and Humans
MONDAY, Feb. 20 (HealthDay News) -- A protein that acts as a lipid sensor, GPR120, can lead to obesity when defective in mice and humans, according to a study published online Feb. 19 in Nature.
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Cell Abnormality Linked to Diabetic Retinopathy
FRIDAY, Feb. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Type 1 diabetes patients with early retinopathy have abnormalities in their endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), a cell type released into the circulation as a result of vascular damage, according to a study published online Feb. 14 in Diabetes.
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Microchip-Based Drug Delivery of hPTH(1-34) Safe in Humans
THURSDAY, Feb. 16 (HealthDay News) -- An implantable microchip-based drug delivery device can safely be used to deliver human parathyroid hormone fragment (hPTH[1-34]), according to a study published online Feb. 16 in Science Translational Medicine to coincide with presentation at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, held from Feb. 16 to 20 in Vancouver, Canada.
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Smoking Bans Lead to Less, Not More, Smoking at Home
THURSDAY, Feb. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Smoke-free legislation leads to less smoking in smokers' homes, not more, according to research published online Feb. 13 in Tobacco Control.
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Excess Mortality for Adults With Young-Onset Diabetes Persists
THURSDAY, Feb. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Excess mortality rates persist among adults with young-onset diabetes, and are mainly due to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and coronary artery disease (CAD), according to a study published online Jan. 11 in Diabetes Care.
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Nutrition Therapy Does Not Improve Cancer Mortality Rate
THURSDAY, Feb. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Nutritional intervention may improve quality of life (QOL) measures in cancer patients with malnutrition, but has no effect on survival rates, according to a study published online Feb. 15 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
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Inactivating Mutation in KISS1 Prevents Pubertal Progression
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 15 (HealthDay News) -- An inactivating mutation has been identified in the KISS1 gene in a consanguineous family, a mutation that results in failure of pubertal progression, according to a report published in the Feb. 16 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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New Method Found to Detect Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL), as measured using corneal confocal microscopy (CCM), can be used to reliably rule diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSP) in or out, according to research published online Feb. 8 in Diabetes Care.
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Vitamin D Doesn't Improve Cardiac Measures in CKD Patients
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with chronic kidney disease who are treated with the active vitamin D compound, paricalcitol, for 48 weeks do not show improvement in left ventricular mass or certain measures of diastolic dysfunction, compared with patients who received placebo, according to a study published in the Feb. 15 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Hemoglobin A1c, Fasting Plasma Glucose Relationship Studied
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 15 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with moderate dysglycemia or early type 2 diabetes, hemoglobin A1c (A1C) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels are strongly related, and this relationship is impacted by oral therapies but not affected by geographic region or patient ethnicity, according to research published online Feb. 8 in Diabetes Care.
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Active Time Improves Youth Cardiometabolic Measures
TUESDAY, Feb. 14 (HealthDay News) -- The more time children spend engaged in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), the better their cardiometabolic risk factors, including measures of cholesterol, blood pressure, and waist size, regardless of the amount of time spent sedentary, according to a study published in the Feb. 15 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Mediterranean Diet Linked to Healthier Brain Matter
TUESDAY, Feb. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Consumption of a Mediterranean-style diet (MeDi) is linked to a reduced burden of white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV), a marker of small vessel brain damage, according to a study published in the February issue of the Archives of Neurology.
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Fibromyalgia Symptoms More Severe in Obese Patients
TUESDAY, Feb. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with fibromyalgia who are severely obese have more severe symptoms and lower quality of life (QOL), according to a study published in the February issue of Arthritis Care & Research.
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Urinary Tract Infections More Common in Obese
TUESDAY, Feb. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Obese individuals are more likely to be diagnosed with a urinary tract infection (UTI) or pyelonephritis compared with nonobese individuals, according to a study published in the February issue of Urology.
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Lipid Genetics Linked to Type 2 Diabetes Risk
MONDAY, Feb. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Individuals who are genetically predisposed to have low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol or high levels of triglycerides have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, according to a study published online Feb. 7 in Diabetes.
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Insulin Defects Seen in Obese Teens With Normal Blood Glucose
MONDAY, Feb. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Obese teenagers in the upper range of normal glucose tolerance exhibit impairments in insulin sensitivity and secretion associated with development of impaired glucose tolerance, according to a study published online Feb. 7 in Diabetes.
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Vitamin D Not Linked to Insulin Sensitivity in Teens
FRIDAY, Feb. 10 (HealthDay News) -- Vitamin D concentrations have no independent association with insulin sensitivity or β-cell function in black and white youth, according to a study published online Jan. 11 in Diabetes Care.
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Sudomotor Denervation Found in Diabetic Neuropathy
FRIDAY, Feb. 10 (HealthDay News) -- Sudomotor denervation has been demonstrated in individuals with diabetic neuropathy, and the sweat gland innervation index (SGII) correlates with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, according to research published online Feb. 1 in Diabetes Care.
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Brain Changes ID'd in Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
FRIDAY, Feb. 10 (HealthDay News) -- By late adolescence and early adulthood, brain volume and T2 relaxation time, a measure of tissue health, has declined in patients with type 1 diabetes compared with similarly-aged healthy peers, according to research published online Feb. 1 in Diabetes Care.
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About One-Third of U.S. Adults Receive Advice to Exercise
THURSDAY, Feb. 9 (HealthDay News) -- U.S. adults were more likely to receive advice to exercise or participate in physical activity in 2010 than in 2000, but such advice is currently only received by approximately one-third of all adults, according to a February data brief issued by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
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Fen-Phen Derivative Likely Caused >1,000 Deaths in France
THURSDAY, Feb. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Benfluorex (Mediator), a fenfluramine-derivative drug used in France for the treatment of high cholesterol in overweight patients with diabetes, is likely to have been responsible for thousands of hospitalizations and deaths over a 30-year period, according to a study published online Feb. 9 in Pharmacoepidemiology & Drug Safety.
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Testosterone Patches Improve Low Sexual Desire Disorder
THURSDAY, Feb. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Evidence suggests that transdermal testosterone patches may relieve symptoms of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in postmenopausal women, according to a review published online Feb. 3 in The Journal of Sexual Medicine.
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Fasting Augments Chemo in Cancer Cells, Mouse Models
THURSDAY, Feb. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Short cycles of starvation (fasting) sensitizes mammalian cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents, and may increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy against cancer cells and in mouse models, according to an experimental study published online Feb. 8 in Science Translational Medicine.
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Antenatal Screening for Hypothyroidism Not Beneficial
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 8 (HealthDay News) -- Screening for maternal hypothyroidism, and treatment of women with positive results, is not associated with improved IQ in offspring at age 3, according to a study published in the Feb. 9 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Heart Failure Tied to Increased Osteoporotic Fracture Risk
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 8 (HealthDay News) -- Adults with heart failure have an increased risk of major osteoporotic fractures, independent of traditional risk factors and bone mineral density (BMD), according to a study published online Jan. 18 in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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New Guidelines Recommend Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes
TUESDAY, Feb. 7 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with type 2 diabetes whose blood sugar cannot be controlled by lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise, metformin monotherapy should be prescribed initially, according to new guidelines from the American College of Physicians (ACP) published in the Feb. 7 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Fructose Stimulates Insulin Via Sweet Taste Receptors
TUESDAY, Feb. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Fructose binds to sweet taste receptors (TRs) on beta cells, activating a signaling pathway that potentiates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, according to an experimental study published online Feb. 6 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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Continuous Exercise in Hypoxia Beneficial in Type 2 Diabetes
TUESDAY, Feb. 7 (HealthDay News) -- For individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), continuous moderate-intensity exercise in hypoxia provides the greatest improvements in acute and moderate-term glucose control, according to a study published online Jan. 25 in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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Change in Fitness or Fatness Impacts Cardio Risk Factors
MONDAY, Feb. 6 (HealthDay News) -- Maintaining or improving fitness and preventing fat gain are both associated with a lower likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in healthy adults, according to a study published in the Feb. 14 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Mechanism for Metabolic Effects of Resveratrol Elucidated
MONDAY, Feb. 6 (HealthDay News) -- By inhibiting phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 in skeletal muscle, resveratrol triggers a series of intracellular events, including indirect activation of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), according to an experimental study published in the Feb. 3 issue of Cell.
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Genetic Variants in Melatonin Receptor Linked to Diabetes
THURSDAY, Feb. 2 (HealthDay News) -- Rare variants of the melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B) gene are associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, according to a study published online Jan. 29 in Nature Genetics.
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No Improvement in C-Peptide Levels With GAD-Alum
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Treating children with type 1 diabetes with the 65-kD isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) formulated with alum (GAD-alum) does not significantly change levels of stimulated serum C-peptide during 15 months of follow-up, according to a study published in the Feb. 2 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Insulin Secretion Impaired in the Insulin-Resistant
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Individuals with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes have impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion after exposure to insulin compared with healthy individuals, according to a study published in the February issue of Diabetes.
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