Poor Sleep Quality Linked to Worse Glucose Control

Disturbed sleep tied to high levels of fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance in diabetes

THURSDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- Early-middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes show an association between poor sleep quality and higher levels of fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and estimated insulin resistance, according to a study published in the May issue of Diabetes Care.

Kristen L. Knutson, Ph.D., from the University of Chicago, and colleagues investigated whether sleep duration and quality were correlated with fasting glucose, fasting insulin, or estimated insulin resistance, measured using the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) method. Insulin and glucose were measured from fasting blood samples collected in 115 participants without diabetes and in 40 with type 2 diabetes from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. Sleep duration and fragmentation were estimated from wrist actigraphy collected during six days. Self-reported difficulty falling asleep or waking three times or more per week, plus average sleep efficiency of less than 80 percent by actigraphy, was defined as insomnia.

The investigators found that there was no correlation between sleep measures and fasting glucose, insulin, or HOMA levels in participants without diabetes. In patients with diabetes, 10 percent increased sleep fragmentation was correlated with a 9 percent increased fasting glucose level, 30 percent increased fasting insulin level, and a 43 percent increased HOMA level, after adjusting for covariates. Insomnia was correlated with increased fasting glucose level, fasting insulin level, and HOMA level (23, 48, and 82 percent, respectively).

"Our analyses indicated an association between poor sleep quality and higher glucose, insulin, and estimated insulin resistance that is likely to be of clinical significance," the authors write.

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