FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with recent myocardial infarction, one-third develop impaired fasting glucose or diabetes within 3.5 years, researchers report in the August issue of The Lancet. Lifestyle factors of smoking and higher body mass index appear to be independent risk factors for developing diabetes, whereas a Mediterranean-type diet appears to confer protection.
Dariush Mozaffarian, M.D., of Harvard Medical School in Boston, and colleagues analyzed data from 8,291 Italian patients with myocardial infarction within the previous three months who did not have diabetes at baseline.
Of 7,533 patients without impaired fasting glucose at baseline, one-third developed new impaired fasting glucose or diabetes during a mean follow-up of 3.2 years. Risk factors included older age, hypertension, beta-blocker use, diuretic use, higher body mass index, current smoking and lower Mediterranean diet score. The annual risk of developing diabetes was increased in patients with recent myocardial infarction compared to the general population (1.8 percent versus 27.5 percent).
"The high risk of incident impaired fasting glucose and diabetes in patients who had a myocardial infarction has clinical implications, indicating the importance of both surveillance and prevention of prediabetes and diabetes in these individuals," the authors conclude.
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