May 2010 Briefing - Family Practice

Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Family Practice for May 2010. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.

Underage Drinking Emergency Room Visits Rise Over Holiday

MONDAY, May 31 (HealthDay News) -- Daily underage drinking-related visits to hospital emergency departments are higher over the three-day Memorial Day weekend than on an average day, according to a new study from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).

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Most Lumbar Disc Herniation Occurs Spontaneously

FRIDAY, May 28 (HealthDay News) -- Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) usually occurs without any inciting event, and when there is an inciting event, it is not associated with a more severe presentation, according to a study in the May issue of The Spine Journal.

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Children Respond Well to Adjuvanted H1N1 Vaccine

FRIDAY, May 28 (HealthDay News) -- An adjuvanted split virion H1N1 vaccine is more immunogenic but is also associated with more reactions compared to a whole virion, non-adjuvanted vaccine in children, according to research published online May 27 in BMJ.

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Less Frequent Toothbrushing Linked to Heart Disease

FRIDAY, May 28 (HealthDay News) -- Poor oral hygiene is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, as well as higher concentrations of C-reactive protein and fibrinogen, according to research published online May 27 in BMJ.

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Use of Statins After Stroke Increasing Slowly

FRIDAY, May 28 (HealthDay News) -- The percentage of stroke patients given prescriptions for evidence-based statin treatment at hospital discharge has increased over time, but nearly one in five still leaves the hospital without a prescription, according to research published online May 27 in Stroke.

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CRP, D-Dimer Levels Don't Affect Statin-Mortality Link

FRIDAY, May 28 (HealthDay News) -- In peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients, statin use is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and all-cause mortality, though this association is not influenced by baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) or D-dimer levels, according to research published in the May 1 issue of the American Journal of Cardiology.

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CT Contrast Agents May Cause Delayed Adverse Reactions

FRIDAY, May 28 (HealthDay News) -- Delayed adverse reactions (DARs) occur more frequently in patients undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) than in those undergoing unenhanced CT, according to a study in the June issue of Radiology.

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Statins May Reduce Revision Risk After Hip Arthroplasty

FRIDAY, May 28 (HealthDay News) -- The risk of revision after primary total hip arthroplasty is lower among those using statins than those not on statins, according to a study published in the May 1 issue of the Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery.

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Depression Key Consideration in Acute Coronary Syndrome

FRIDAY, May 28 (HealthDay News) -- Health care providers should address depressive symptoms in survivors of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), especially women, whose early recovery may differ from their male counterparts, according to a prospective longitudinal study published in the May issue of Applied Nursing Research.

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In Diabetes Patients at Low CVD Risk, Aspirin Not Recommended

THURSDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Low-dose aspirin for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is reasonable for adults with diabetes who are at increased CVD risk but should not be routinely recommended for those at low CVD risk, according to a combined statement from the American Diabetes Association, the American Heart Association, and the American College of Cardiology Foundation, published online May 27 in Circulation, Diabetes Care, and the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

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CDC Outlines State Health-Care-Associated Infection Data

THURSDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention outlined state health-care-associated infection (HAI) data during a telebriefing on May 27 to coincide with a report in the May 28 issue of the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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Analysis Questions Quality of Direct-to-Consumer Ads

THURSDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) for urological medications lacks research data or references to substantiate the claims they make, pointing to room for improvement in the information offered by such advertisements, according to an analysis published in the May issue of Urology.

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Indoor Tanning Beds/Booths Increase Melanoma Risk

THURSDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Use of indoor tanning equipment substantially increases the risk of melanoma, with the highest risk found for people who use high-speed/intensity and high-pressure indoor tanning beds, according to a report published online May 26 in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.

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Review Examines Racial, Ethnic Reproductive Health Disparities

THURSDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Racial and ethnic disparities of uncertain etiology exist in several areas of reproductive health, suggesting a need for further research to understand the source of the disparities and to optimize care, according to a review published in the May issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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Early Glycemic Control Vital in Type 1 Diabetes

THURSDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Intense glycemic control early on should be attempted for individuals with type 1 diabetes to reduce the risk of complications related to diabetes arising over time, according to research published in the May issue of Diabetes.

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Antiretroviral Therapy Greatly Cuts HIV Partner Transmission

THURSDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- In heterosexual HIV-1 patients, antiretroviral therapy (ART) can reduce the risk of HIV transmission to sexual partners by 92 percent, according to research published online May 27 in The Lancet.

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FDA Changes Label on Weight-Loss Drug Orlistat

WEDNESDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has alerted health care providers and consumers regarding a label change to the weight-loss drug orlistat, marketed by prescription by F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. as Xenical (orlistat 120 mg) and over-the-counter (OTC) without a prescription by GSK Consumer Healthcare as Alli (orlistat 60 mg), due to the potential but rare risk of severe liver injury.

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Stents, Endarterectomy Equally Effective at Preventing Stroke

WEDNESDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- Carotid-artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy are equally effective in preventing stroke in the long term, according to a study published online May 26 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with its presentation at the European Stroke Conference, held from May 25 to 28 in Barcelona, Spain.

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New Tramadol Label Warns of Suicide, Overdose Risks

WEDNESDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and Ortho-McNeil-Janssen have alerted health care professionals of changes to the prescribing information warnings section for tramadol, a centrally acting synthetic opioid analgesic used to manage moderate to moderately severe chronic pain.

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Single Lens Distance Glasses May Reduce Falls

WEDNESDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- Older individuals who wear multifocal glasses and take part in regular outdoor activity may prevent falls by using single lens distance glasses for outside use; however, this intervention may be harmful in those who wear multifocal glasses and take part in limited outdoor activity, according to a study published online May 25 in BMJ.

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Drug Switch Tied to Depression Remission at Six Months

WEDNESDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- More than one-third of adolescents with treatment-resistant depression may achieve remission within six months after simply switching their medication or undergoing cognitive behavioral therapy along with a medication switch, and those who show symptom benefits early after switching are more likely to have lasting benefits, according to a study published online May 17 in the American Journal of Psychiatry.

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Benefit Seen From High-Protein Diet, Resistance Exercise

WEDNESDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- In overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes, a high-protein, restricted-energy diet in combination with resistance exercise training is associated with particular improvements in body weight and composition when compared with other approaches, according to research published in the May issue of Diabetes Care.

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FDA: Proton Pump Inhibitors Linked to Fracture Risk

WEDNESDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has alerted consumers and health care providers regarding the potential increased risk of hip, wrist and spine fractures associated with high doses or long-term use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs).

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Early Antibiotics in COPD Hospitalizations Beneficial

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients hospitalized for exacerbations of their illness who receive antibiotic treatment within the first two days of their hospitalization fare better than those who do not, according to research published in the May 26 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Hypertension Control Hits Healthy People 2010 Goal

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- The proportion of hypertensive patients with control of the condition has reached a Healthy People 2010 goal, though rates of hypertension have remained unchanged during the past decade, according to research published in the May 26 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Spondylolisthesis Rate in Older Men Higher Than Thought

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Lumbar spondylolisthesis may be more common in older men than previously thought, and those who are more physically active are more likely to report the condition, according to a study in the May 1 issue of Spine.

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Large Variations in C-Section Rates Seen in British Columbia

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- There is a large, unexplained variation in rates of cesarean deliveries across the 16 health service delivery districts of British Columbia, Canada, according to research published in the June issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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New Rule Reduces Low-Yield Outpatient Imaging Exams

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- A rule that prevents medical support staff from completing computerized orders for outpatient imaging exams that have a high likelihood of being negative results in fewer low-yield examinations and an increased percentage of tests ordered by clinicians themselves, according to a study in the June issue of Radiology.

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Common School Scoliosis Screening Test Lacks Precision

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- The simple and common forward bending test (FBT) used in school scoliosis screening programs lacks precision for detecting spinal curvature and by itself is insufficient, according to a meta-analysis published in the May 1 issue of Spine.

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Predisposition to Spontaneous Preterm Delivery Inherited

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Spontaneous preterm birth is more likely to occur in women who were born spontaneously preterm themselves, or who have siblings who were, according to research published in the June issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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Pregnant Women Using Herbals Despite Lack of Safety Data

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Many women use herbal or natural products immediately prior to or during pregnancy, though little is known about these products' safety or efficacy, according to two articles published in the May issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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Increasing Exercise Linked to Decreasing Obesity in Women

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- In adult women, there is a crude, graded inverse dose-response relationship between total volume of leisure-time physical activity and obesity, according to a study published in the May issue of the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

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Moderate Drinkers' Health Better Than Non-Drinkers'

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Moderate drinkers have a better health status than non-drinkers or heavy drinkers, but moderate alcohol consumption may be a marker, rather than a cause, of this status, according to research published May 19 in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

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Trial Finds Topical Gel Effective for Facial Acne in Preteens

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Preteens with mild-to-moderate facial acne respond well to treatment with tretinoin microsphere gel (TMG) without serious adverse effects, according to a small study published online May 24 in Pediatrics.

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H1N1 in Pregnant Women Is Serious Threat to Fetuses

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Pregnant women admitted to the hospital with pandemic novel influenza A(H1N1) are at increased risk for abdominal and gastrointestinal symptoms, fetal distress and mortality, emergency cesarean delivery, and premature births, according to research published in the May 24 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.

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Survivors of Childhood Cancer Less Healthy as Adults

TUESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Adult survivors of childhood cancers appear to suffer worse health outcomes and more job limitations than people who never had cancer, according to research published online May 24 in Cancer.

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Frequent Doctor Visits Benefit Hypertensive Diabetes Patients

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- In hypertensive patients with diabetes, shorter intervals between encounters with physicians are associated with a faster decrease in blood pressure and earlier blood pressure normalization -- particularly intervals shorter than those currently recommended, according to a study published online May 24 in Hypertension.

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β-Blockers May Be Beneficial in Treating COPD

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients taking β-blockers may have a decreased risk of exacerbations, as well as a decreased mortality risk, according to research published in the May 24 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.

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Sugar-Sweetened Beverages May Affect Blood Pressure

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has a significant association with decreased blood pressure, according to research published online May 24 in Circulation.

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Childhood Mortality Worldwide May Be Lower Than Thought

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Among children younger than 5, the annual global death toll may be 820,000 lower than the latest UNICEF estimate, as there has been progress in many poorer countries toward achieving the Millennium Development Goal 4 of reducing mortality in this age group by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015, according to an article published online May 24 in The Lancet.

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Alfalfa Sprouts Recalled Due to Salmonella Outbreak

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Caldwell Fresh Foods has issued a recall of raw alfalfa sprouts due to a Salmonella Newport outbreak in 10 states, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

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Visceral Fat, Total Brain Volume Inversely Associated

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- In middle-aged adults, abdominal fat -- especially visceral fat -- is inversely associated with total brain volume, according to research published online May 20 in the Annals of Neurology.

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Recent Outbreak of Dengue in Key West Raises Concern

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- A recent outbreak of 28 dengue cases in Key West, Fla., should prompt clinicians to consider dengue in diagnosing patients who live in or have recently traveled to subtropical parts of the United States, according to a report published in the May 21 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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Simplexa H1N1 Test Approved

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- The Simplexa diagnostic test to detect infection with the H1N1 "swine" flu virus has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the agency said Monday in a news release.

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Many Women Age 40 and Older Avoid Follow-Up Eye Care

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Despite self-reported diagnoses of diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), many women aged 40 and older do not receive eye care in the recommended follow-up period due to cost, lack of insurance coverage, or believing there is no reason for follow-up care, according to a report published in the May 21 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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On-Time Vaccinations in First Year Don't Hurt Development

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Children who are vaccinated on schedule in their first year of life exhibit neuropsychological development at ages 7 to 10 that is as good as or better than children who receive delayed vaccination or do not get vaccinated, according to a study published online May 24 in Pediatrics.

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Battery Ingestions Have Devastating Complications

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- The increased use of 20-mm lithium button batteries has led to a rise in devastating complications from their ingestion. Prevention should be encouraged through education and secure household product design, and, when prevention doesn't work, the removal of batteries from the esophagus must be expedited to prevent major complications, according to two studies published online May 24 in Pediatrics.

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AAP Statement Urges Drowning Prevention Efforts

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- With drowning a leading cause of accidental death in children, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) is urging pediatricians to actively educate and counsel parents and support community drowning prevention efforts in a revised policy statement published online May 24 in Pediatrics.

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Major Pool Code Violations Common in United States

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Swimming pool operation violations are relatively common in the United States, with almost one out of eight inspections resulting in immediate pool closure because of serious code violations, according to a report published in the May 21 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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Low Phosphorus Linked to Early Death in HIV Therapy

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Low blood phosphorus levels are associated with high death rates among HIV-infected patients beginning antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa, according to a study published online May 18 in PLoS ONE.

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Most Uninsured Young Adults May Gain Health Insurance

FRIDAY, May 21 (HealthDay News) -- In the United States, there are 13.7 million uninsured young adults, and most of them could gain health insurance coverage under the recently passed Affordable Care Act, according to a report released today by the Commonwealth Fund.

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Misoprostol Does Not Decrease Postpartum Hemorrhage

FRIDAY, May 21 (HealthDay News) -- The prostaglandin analogue misoprostol, when added to standard uterotonic therapy, does not result in decreased postpartum blood loss, according to research published in the May 22 issue of The Lancet.

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Intervention Improves Parent-Autistic Child Interactions

FRIDAY, May 21 (HealthDay News) -- A parent-mediated social communication intervention in preschool children with autism improves parent-child interaction but does not result in clinically significant benefits in autism severity, according to research published in the May 21 online edition of The Lancet.

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Metformin Associated With Decreased B-12

FRIDAY, May 21 (HealthDay News) -- Patients being treated with metformin to control their diabetes may have a higher risk of decreased levels of vitamin B-12 and increased homocysteine levels, according to research published in the May 20 online edition of the BMJ.

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Statins Have Wide Range of Unintended Adverse Effects

FRIDAY, May 21 (HealthDay News) -- Statins appear to have no significant association with a large number of diseases, but they may have a wide range of unintended adverse effects, according to data published in the May 20 online edition of the BMJ.

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Article Addresses Suicide Risks for Seniors in Residential Homes

THURSDAY, May 20 (HealthDay News) -- Elderly residents of communal living facilities are at risk of suicidal behaviors that may be due to their underlying reasons for moving into the residential homes, and public health systems and residential communities should take steps to counter these behaviors, according to an article published online May 18 in PLoS Medicine.

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Cesarean Delivery and Celiac Disease Significantly Associated

THURSDAY, May 20 (HealthDay News) -- There is a significant association between cesarean delivery and celiac disease but not Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, according to research published online May 17 in Pediatrics.

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Self-Reported Peanut, Tree Nut Allergies in Children on the Rise

MONDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Although the number of adults allergic to peanuts, tree nuts and sesame seems to have remained relatively stable since 1997, the prevalence of self-reported peanut and tree nut allergies in children has climbed substantially, according to research published online May 12 in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.

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Faster Weight Loss Appears to Yield Better Results

THURSDAY, May 20 (HealthDay News) -- People who lose greater amounts of weight initially in weight-loss attempts may experience better weight loss and maintenance results than those who lose weight gradually, according to research published in the June issue of the International Journal of Behavioral Medicine.

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Vitamin D Insufficiency Common in Young Women

THURSDAY, May 20 (HealthDay News) -- Many U.S. women of childbearing age have vitamin D insufficiency, and the current recommended dosage for prenatal vitamin D supplementation may need to be increased to reach recommended levels, according to a study in the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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Botox Injections Resolve Chronic Cough

THURSDAY, May 20 (HealthDay News) -- Injection with botulinum toxin type A (BtxA) can resolve chronic cough caused by laryngeal hypertonicity and neuroplastic changes, according to research published in the May issue of the Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head & Neck Surgery.

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With Intermediate Risk of CAD, CTCA Valuable First Test

WEDNESDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- As a tool for predicting the need for invasive coronary angiography (ICA), computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) appears to be most useful for patients at intermediate risk of coronary artery disease and may be more useful than stress testing in that population, according to research published May 18 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

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Maternal Measles Antibodies Wane by 6 Months of Age

WEDNESDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- Maternal measles antibodies wane quickly after birth, with nearly all babies losing maternal antibody protection by age 6 months, according to research published online May 18 in the BMJ.

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Antibiotic Resistance May Persist Months After Treatment

WEDNESDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- After a course of antibiotics for respiratory or urinary tract infection, an individual is likely to develop resistance to the antibiotic that may persist for up to 12 months, according to research published online May 18 in the BMJ.

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Physician's Cost-Profile Differs by Insurer's Rules

WEDNESDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- The cost-profiling done by health plans varies substantially in methodology and can affect which cost category physicians are placed in, depending on which cost-attribution rules are used, according to research published May 18 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

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TB Global Fight Still Has a Way to Go

WEDNESDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- Even though 36 million people worldwide were cured of tuberculosis and 6 million lives were saved between 1995 and 2008, the disease still takes a substantial toll and long-term goals for its eradication may not be met, according to a paper published online May 19 in The Lancet, the first in a series of papers on tuberculosis.

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Steroids for Hemangiomas Affect Immune Function

WEDNESDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- Corticosteroids used for the treatment of infantile hemangiomas are associated with reductions in lymphocyte cell numbers and changes in immune function, according to a study published online May 17 in Archives of Dermatology.

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Sagent Announces Recall of Metronidazole Injection

WEDNESDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- Sagent Pharmaceuticals Inc. has announced a nationwide voluntary recall of all lots of metronidazole injection, USP 500 mg/100 mL, distributed by the company and manufactured by Claris Lifesciences, due to non-sterility in two lots of the product, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

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Optimism Not Linked to Plastic Surgery Satisfaction

WEDNESDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- Baseline pessimism and optimism are not associated with patient satisfaction with facial plastic surgery, and those treated for depression show greater satisfaction than patients not treated for depression, according to research published in the May/June issue of the Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery.

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Major Depression Prevalent After Traumatic Brain Injury

TUESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- Within the first year after traumatic brain injury (TBI), more than half of patients meet criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD), which independently predicts poorer health-related quality of life, according to research published in the May 19 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Learning/Management Model Effective for Anxiety Treatment

TUESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- A blended intervention approach to anxiety treatment is superior to usual care for patients treated in primary care clinics, according to research published May 18 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Fathers Show Risk of Prenatal, Postpartum Depression

TUESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- A substantial number of expecting and new fathers have prenatal and postpartum depression, and paternal depression is moderately correlated with maternal depression, according to research published in the May 19 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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In Prostate Cancer, Selective Alendronate Use Cost-Effective

TUESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- A bone mineral density test followed by selective use of alendronate for fracture prevention in men beginning androgen deprivation therapy for localized prostate cancer is cost-effective, according to research published in the May 18 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.

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Age Affects Benefits of Cochlear Implants

TUESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- Elderly patients can benefit significantly from cochlear implants, though not as much as younger patients on some measures, according to a study in the May issue of Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head & Neck Surgery. According to another study in the same journal, the substantial increase in endoscopic surgery for chronic sinus problems in the Medicare population is of uncertain value.

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Cerebral Vasoreactivity Related to Gait, Possibly Falls, in Elderly

TUESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- Impaired regulation of cerebral blood flow is associated with slowed gait and may be related to increased falls in the elderly, according to research published in the May 18 issue of the journal Neurology.

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Vitamin A Analogues Not Linked to Fracture Risk

TUESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- The use of vitamin A analogues such as isotretinoin and acitretin, even at high doses, is not associated with an increased risk of fractures, according to a study published in the May issue of Archives of Dermatology.

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Racial Disparities Reduced in Quality Monitoring Program

TUESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- Hospitals enrolled in a national quality monitoring and improvement program showed improvements in adherence to evidence-based guidelines for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), as well as reductions or elimination of racial/ethnic care disparities, according to research published May 17 in the journal Circulation.

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Brain-Injured Youths Have More Postconcussive Symptoms

TUESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- Postconcussive symptoms (PCSs) are not unique to children with mild traumatic brain injuries (MTBIs), but children with such injuries experience more PCSs and different neurocognitive recovery than their non-head-injured peers, according to research published online May 17 in Pediatrics.

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Appearance-Focused Approach May Reduce Indoor Tanning

MONDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Among women who tan indoors and exhibit seasonal affective disorder (SAD) symptoms or pathological tanning motives, an appearance-focused skin cancer prevention intervention may help reduce indoor tanning, according to a study published in the May issue of Archives of Dermatology.

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Many Have Low Distress During Prostate Cancer Surveillance

MONDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Men with low-risk prostate cancer on active surveillance generally have favorably low anxiety and distress in the first nine months of surveillance, according to research published in the May issue of The Journal of Urology. Another article in the same issue examines how health status and life expectancy influenced selection of men age 75 and older for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screenings before the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended against screening them.

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Race May Impact Clinician's Infant Drug Screening Choices

MONDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Health care providers may be impacted by maternal race in determining whether to screen for illicit drug exposure in infants, regardless of their institution's standard criteria for screening, according to a study published online May 17 in Pediatrics.

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Higher Pesticide Exposure Linked to Increased ADHD Risk

MONDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- High levels of organophosphate exposure have been associated with adverse effects on neurodevelopment, and cross-sectional data suggest that levels of exposure common in U.S. children may contribute to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) prevalence, according to research published online May 17 in Pediatrics.

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A Few Preventive Health Services Could Save Many Lives

MONDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Increased use of a few proven clinical preventive services, especially those aimed at reducing cardiovascular disease, could result in substantial improvements in health on a population-wide level, according to a study published online May 4 in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.

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Sprix Approved for Moderate-to-Severe Pain

MONDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Roxro Pharma's Sprix (ketorolac tromethamine) nasal spray has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the short-term treatment of moderate to moderately severe pain, the manufacturer said Monday in a news release.

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Obesity, Diabetes Associated With Low Free Testosterone

MONDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Among obese men older than 45 years of age, 40 percent of those without diabetes and half of those with diabetes have below-normal free testosterone (FT) concentrations, according to research published online in Diabetes Care.

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Common Diagnostic Tests for UTI Miss Many Infections

MONDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Commonly used tests for diagnosing lower urinary tract infections in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms but no dysuria lack sensitivity and should be abandoned, according to research published in the May issue of The Journal of Urology.

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Antibiotic Patterns for S. Aureus in Children Have Changed

MONDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Since the emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections, antibiotic treatment for hospitalized children with S. aureus infections has changed dramatically, and clindamycin has become the primary antibiotic treatment for those infections, according to research published online May 17 in Pediatrics.

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Patterns Changing in Substance Use Admissions

MONDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Some patterns of substance use treatment admissions changed substantially from 1998 to 2008, according to a study published in April by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), an agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

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CPAP Found Feasible for Extremely Preterm Infants

MONDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- In extremely preterm infants, early treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) may be a viable alternative to early treatment with intubation and surfactant, according to a study published online May 16 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with presentation at the annual meeting of the American Thoracic Society, held from May 14 to 19 in New Orleans. The study also found that a lower target range of oxygen saturation does not reduce a composite of severe retinopathy or death and may be associated with increased mortality.

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FDA Clears Use of Rotavirus Vaccine, Rotarix

MONDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- The introduction of the RotaTeq (RV5) vaccine is associated with a reduction in hospitalizations for acute gastroenteritis in children under 5, according to research published in the June 1 Journal of Infectious Diseases. And the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has announced that health care professionals can resume using the vaccine Rotarix, and continue using RotaTeq, to prevent rotavirus in children.

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Pernicious Anemia Patients at Higher Risk for Hip Fractures

FRIDAY, May 14 (HealthDay News) -- Even after years of vitamin B-12 therapy, people with pernicious anemia are still at increased risk for hip fractures, which suggests a mechanism other than B-12 deficiency could be driving their vulnerability, according to research published in the April issue of Gastroenterology.

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Low Umbilical Artery pH Linked to Adverse Outcomes

FRIDAY, May 14 (HealthDay News) -- Low umbilical artery pH at birth is strongly associated with adverse long-term outcomes, including death and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, according to research published online May 13 in BMJ.

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Many General Internists Leave Field by Mid-Career

FRIDAY, May 14 (HealthDay News) -- Roughly one out of six general internists are leaving internal medicine by mid-career, a substantially higher proportion compared to internal medicine subspecialists, according to survey results published April 29 in the Journal of General Internal Medicine.

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Interrupted Doctors Spend Less Time on Clinical Tasks

FRIDAY, May 14 (HealthDay News) -- Emergency department doctors who are interrupted may decrease the time they spend on clinical tasks and even delay or fail to return to some tasks, which could have a negative impact on patient safety, according to a study published online May 12 in Quality and Safety in Health Care.

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Early Child Care May Affect Functioning in Teenage Years

FRIDAY, May 14 (HealthDay News) -- The quality and quantity of early child care is associated with functioning, including academic achievement, at age 15, according to a study published in the May/June issue of Child Development. Another study in the same issue found increased cortisol levels in children when they were at full-time, home-based day care versus when they were at home.

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Neuropathic Pain Increases Related Medical Costs

FRIDAY, May 14 (HealthDay News) -- Common types of neuropathic pain, such as that associated with herpes zoster or diabetes, can add substantially to health care costs related to those conditions, according to a study reported in the April issue of the Journal of Pain.

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Stroke Sign Awareness Doesn't Translate to Calling 911

FRIDAY, May 14 (HealthDay News) -- Most adults cannot correctly identify stroke warning signs, and even those who can may not respond to them by calling 911, according to research published online May 13 in Stroke.

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Article Stresses Need for More Pediatric Research Funding

THURSDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- The proportion of the National Institutes of Health budget dedicated to pediatric research has declined since 1993, despite the potential impact early treatment and prevention could have on disease burden and financial costs, according to an article published online May 10 in Pediatrics. Separate research in the same issue found that various factors affect parents' understanding of the risks and benefits of studies involving their children.

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Autism Onset Patterns Linked to Developmental Outcomes

THURSDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- In children under age 3, the onset of autism has three distinct patterns -- regression, plateau, and no loss or plateau -- which substantially affect developmental, diagnostic and educational outcomes, according to a study published April 2 in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders.

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Mental Health Disorders Stable Among U.K. Military Personnel

THURSDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- From 2003 to 2009, the prevalence of mental health disorders, such as anxiety and depression, among military personnel from the United Kingdom remained stable, although those deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan have an increased risk of alcohol misuse compared with those who have not been deployed, according to a study published online May 13 in The Lancet.

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Steps Per Day Linked to Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence

THURSDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- Although public health recommendations have tended to focus on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, an active lifestyle as measured by steps per day is associated with a reduced prevalence of both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, according to research published online May 4 in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.

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Environmental Exposures Can Affect Puberty in Young Girls

THURSDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- Environmental exposure to the chemical classes known as phenols, phthalates and phytoestrogens may affect young girls' pubertal development, putting them at risk for health complications later in life, according to a study published online in Environmental Health Perspectives.

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Sucrose or Glucose Before Shots Reduces Infants' Crying

THURSDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- The administration of sucrose or glucose prior to immunization in infants aged 1 to 12 months reduces the incidence and duration of crying as well as pain scores, according to research published online May 12 in the Archives of Disease in Childhood.

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Excessive Antioxidants May Increase Genetic Abnormalities

THURSDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- Taking excessive amounts of antioxidants, such as high-dose supplements of vitamin C and E, can increase genetic abnormalities in cells, which may raise the risk for developing cancer, according to a study published online May 4 in Stem Cells.

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Variables Help Guide Active Surveillance in Prostate Cancer

THURSDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- Variables that are available at prostate cancer diagnosis and first surveillance biopsy during active surveillance can be used to inform men of the probability of an unfavorable biopsy, according to research published in the May issue of The Journal of Urology.

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Long Work Hours May Adversely Affect Heart Health

THURSDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- Working overtime could be bad for heart health, as it is associated with an increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD), according to research published online May 11 in the European Heart Journal.

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FDA Warns Consumers Against Swallowing Topical Benadryl

THURSDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has alerted consumers regarding potentially serious side effects associated with mistakenly swallowing Benadryl Extra Strength Itch Stopping Gel, an over-the-counter (OTC) product intended only for topical use.

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Interval Colorectal Cancer Risk Linked to Colonoscopy Quality

WEDNESDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- The risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) in the interval between screening colonoscopy and follow-up surveillance colonoscopy is greater for patients whose endoscopists have lower adenoma detection rates, according to research published in the May 13 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Regional Disparities Seen for Diagnoses, Medicare Spending

WEDNESDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- There are substantial differences in diagnostic practices across U.S. regions, and policymakers looking to control Medicare costs first must understand the sources of the substantial regional differences in Medicare spending, according to a pair of studies published online May 12 in the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Maternal Vitamin A Improves Offspring's Lung Function

WEDNESDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- Maternal vitamin A supplementation before, during, and after pregnancy in an undernourished population appears to result in improved lung function in offspring, according to a study reported in the May 13 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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IOM Proposes Framework for Evaluating Health Claims

WEDNESDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration should evaluate claims of foods' and nutritional supplements' health benefits with the same rigor it uses in evaluating approvals of medicines and medical technology, according to a new report from the Institute of Medicine (IOM).

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Removing Financial Incentives May Reduce Performance

WEDNESDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- The focus of clinicians may change and their performance levels could drop when previously established financial incentives are removed, according to research published May 11 in BMJ.

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New FDA Program Targets Misleading Drug Advertising

WEDNESDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has announced the launch of a new program to educate health care providers regarding their role in making certain that advertisements and promotions for prescription drugs are truthful and not misleading.

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Infections Cause Most Deaths in Children Under 5 Worldwide

WEDNESDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- In 2008, there were an estimated 8.795 million deaths in children younger than 5 worldwide; infectious diseases caused more than two-thirds of these deaths, and almost half of them occurred in just five countries, according to an analysis published online May 12 in The Lancet.

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Opioid Therapy Linked to Avoidance of Some Screenings

WEDNESDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- Patients using chronic opioid therapy for non-cancer pain may have a lower likelihood of receiving some preventive services, according to a study published in the May/June issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.

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High BMI Partly Explains Family-Based Diabetes Risk

WEDNESDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- A high body mass index (BMI) and, to some extent, specific lifestyle factors may explain a substantial part of the association between family history of diabetes and type 2 diabetes risk, according to research published in the April issue of Diabetes Care.

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Community Prevention Program Reduces Falls Over 12 Months

WEDNESDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- A comprehensive community fall prevention program may lower the number of falls and improve clinical outcomes in older individuals at high risk for falls, according to a study published online May 11 in BMJ.

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Improved Risk Factors Lower Rate of CHD Deaths in Ontario

TUESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- In Ontario, Canada, the 35 percent decrease in the rate of deaths from coronary heart disease (CHD) seen between 1994 and 2005 is attributable to better medical and surgical treatments and improvements in traditional CHD risk factors such as total cholesterol levels and systolic blood pressure, according to a study in the May 12 Journal of the American Medical Association.

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High-Dose Vitamin D Linked to Falls, Fractures in Women

TUESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- Older women receiving an annual large dose of vitamin D may have an increased risk of falls and fractures, according to research published in the May 12 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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CDC: U.S. Preterm Birth Rate Declines From 2006 to 2008

TUESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- In 2008, for the second year in a row, the U.S. preterm birth rate (defined as birth prior to 37 weeks of gestation) declined after a long period of relatively steady increase, according to a new report from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics.

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Fibrates Found to Reduce Risk of Cardiovascular Events

TUESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- Fibrates can reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, mostly by preventing coronary events, and might have a role in individuals at high risk of these events and in individuals who have combined dyslipidemia, according to research published online May 11 in The Lancet.

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Abuse Linked to Depression in Older Women

TUESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- In older, functionally independent women, physical and/or verbal abuse is associated with increased depressive symptoms and poorer mental health, according to a study published in the May/June issue of the Annals of Family Medicine. A second study published in the journal found that older adults with depressive symptoms may benefit as much from an individualized physical activity program as from social visits.

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Family Physicians Still Provide Many Well-Child Visits

TUESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- Although provision of prenatal visits by family physicians has decreased by an estimated 50 percent in recent years, family physicians continue to provide a substantial proportion of well-child examinations during the first two years of life, according to a study published in the May/June issue of the Annals of Family Medicine. Another study published in the same journal found that urban parents are mostly receptive to a pilot intervention aimed at reducing obesity in preschoolers.

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Radiation for Wilms Tumor May Affect Future Pregnancies

TUESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- Women who have had prior radiation treatment for unilateral Wilms tumor diagnosed in childhood have a higher risk of pregnancy and birth complications, according to research published online May 10 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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Dizziness in the Elderly Often Due to Cardiovascular Disease

TUESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- In over half of elderly patients seen in primary care with a complaint of dizziness, cardiovascular disease is a contributing factor, and an adverse drug effect is a contributing factor in about one-fourth of patients, according to research published in the May 10 issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.

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Restless Legs Syndrome Is Frequently Familial

TUESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- Restless legs syndrome (RLS) has a high familial rate, and siblings of those who are severely affected by the disease appear to be at increased risk of developing it themselves, according to research published in the May issue of the Archives of Neurology.

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Impulse Control Disorders Common in Parkinson's Disease

TUESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- Impulse control disorders (ICDs) are fairly common in people with Parkinson's disease and are associated with several clinical and demographic variables -- particularly dopamine-replacement therapies, according to research published in the May issue of the Archives of Neurology.

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Benefits Found Lacking for High-Dose Proton Pump Inhibitors

TUESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- Treatment with high doses of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is not associated with reduced rates of rebleeding, surgical intervention, or death in patients with bleeding peptic ulcers compared to non-high-dose PPI treatment, according to a meta-analysis published in the May 10 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine alongside several other studies that explore the side effects associated with PPIs.

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Higher Nut Consumption May Improve Serum Cholesterol

MONDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- Higher nut consumption is associated with lower serum cholesterol levels, especially among individuals with higher baseline low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol or lower body mass index, according to research published in the May 10 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.

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In Women With Diabetes, More Bran Tied to Lower Mortality

MONDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- Increasing dietary whole grains, especially the bran component, is linked to decreased all-cause and cardiovascular disease-specific mortality in women with type 2 diabetes, according to a study published online May 10 in Circulation.

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Fluctuating Blood Pressure May Increase Risk of CVD in Elderly

MONDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- High blood pressure (BP) and greater BP fluctuations are associated with an increased risk for cerebrovascular disease in older adults, according to research published in the May issue of the Archives of Neurology.

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Medical Costs for Cancer Have Nearly Doubled Since 1987

MONDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- The medical costs of cancer have nearly doubled since 1987 and have shifted substantially away from hospital inpatient care, and the portion paid for by private health insurers and Medicaid has increased, according to research published online May 10 in Cancer.

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In-Hospital Pediatric Mortality Tied to Patient Characteristics

MONDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- Patient characteristics, including age and severity of diagnosis are substantive factors associated with pediatric in-patient deaths, and reducing variability within and between pediatric hospitals may improve mortality rates, according to research published online May 10 in Pediatrics.

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Many Youths With Diabetes Get Too Little Exercise

MONDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- Many youths with diabetes mellitus (DM), especially males with type 2 disease, do not meet recommendations for physical activity and electronic media use, according to a study published online May 10 in Pediatrics.

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Sleep Disorders May Be Underdiagnosed in Children

MONDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- The rate of sleep diagnoses for children given by primary care providers is lower than prevalence rates reported in epidemiological studies, suggesting that these providers may be under-diagnosing sleep disorders in pediatric patients, according to research published online May 10 in Pediatrics.

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Infants Bottle-Fed Early More Likely to Empty Bottle Later

MONDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- Infants who are mainly bottle-fed in early infancy are more likely to empty their bottle in late infancy compared to those mainly breast-fed in early infancy, suggesting a lack of self-regulation that may contribute to childhood obesity, according to a study published online May 10 in Pediatrics.

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Single Night of Lost Sleep Implicated in Insulin Resistance

MONDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- A single night of little sleep can cause metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance, according to research published online April 6 in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.

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Opioid Misuse Risk Factors Differ for Men and Women

MONDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- Men at risk for the misuse of prescription opioids taken for pain are more likely to have legal and behavioral problems, while women who misuse are more likely to have emotional or psychological issues, according to a study in the April issue of the Journal of Pain.

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Poor Sleep Common in Assisted Living Facility Residents

MONDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- Many residents of assisted living facilities (ALFs) experience poor sleep, which appears to correlate with lower quality of life, difficulty in daily functioning, and increased depression, according to research published in the May issue of the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

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High-Pressure Jobs Tied to Heart Disease Risk in Women

FRIDAY, May 7 (HealthDay News) -- Women in a high-pressure work environment have an increased risk of developing ischemic heart disease, according to research published in the May issue of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

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CDC: California Increases HBV Vaccination in At-Risk Adults

FRIDAY, May 7 (HealthDay News) -- In California, a public health project initiative has increased hepatitis B vaccinations among at-risk adults. However, in the United States there is an increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma -- which often results from hepatitis B infection, according to two reports published in the May 7 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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In Abuse Talks, Parents Focus Disproportionately on Strangers

FRIDAY, May 7 (HealthDay News) -- In discussions with their children regarding sexual abuse, parents tend to focus on strangers as the most likely offenders and may neglect to discuss adults the children know as potential threats, according to a study published in Child Maltreatment.

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CDC Finds Rotavirus Vaccine Coverage Is Increasing

FRIDAY, May 7 (HealthDay News) -- Since routine rotavirus vaccination of infants began in February 2006, coverage has steadily increased but still lags behind coverage for other infant vaccines, according to a report published in the May 7 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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Hormonal Contraceptives Tied to Female Sexual Dysfunction

FRIDAY, May 7 (HealthDay News) -- Risk for female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is higher among women taking hormonal contraceptives, according to research published online May 4 in the Journal of Sexual Medicine.

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Genetics Link Elevated Triglycerides to CHD Risk

FRIDAY, May 7 (HealthDay News) -- New genetic findings support the notion that elevated triglyceride levels have a causal association with coronary heart disease, according to a study in the May 8 issue of The Lancet.

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Microalbuminuria Can Predict Complications in Hypertension

FRIDAY, May 7 (HealthDay News) -- Microalbuminuria independently predicts higher risk of renal and cardiovascular complications in patients with primary hypertension but without diabetes, according to research published online April 29 in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.

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Spouses of Dementia Patients Have Higher Risk of Dementia

FRIDAY, May 7 (HealthDay News) -- Among older married couples in which one spouse has dementia, the other spouse -- especially the husband -- has a significantly higher risk of also developing dementia, and a potential causal factor may be the chronic, often severe stress associated with dementia caregiving, according to a study published online May 6 in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

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Autonomous Motivation May Have Large Role in Weight Loss

FRIDAY, May 7 (HealthDay News) -- Autonomous motivation is a potential intervention target for increasing adherence to self-monitoring in a weight-loss program and weight loss itself, according to a study published in the May 2010 issue of the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.

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Estrogen Use Linked to More Mammograms, Biopsies

FRIDAY, May 7 (HealthDay News) -- Postmenopausal women taking estrogen alone are more likely to have otherwise avoidable mammograms with short-interval follow-up recommendations or breast biopsies, and their biopsies may be less commonly diagnosed as cancer; however, breast cancer detection among these women is not significantly compromised except, perhaps, in the early years of use, according to research published online May 3 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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Panel Urges More Action on Environmental Cancer Risks

THURSDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- The burden of environmentally-induced cancer has been greatly underestimated, and action must be taken to assess the effects of environmental contaminants on human health, according to a May 6 report from the President's Cancer Panel.

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High Body Mass Index Linked to Low Back Pain

THURSDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- A high body mass index is associated with an increased prevalence of low back pain, especially in women, according to a study published in the April 1 issue of Spine.

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Working Insured Not Getting Suggested Preventive Services

THURSDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- Working adults with health insurance are not meeting recommendations for clinical preventive services, and, among these workers, there are disparities related to socioeconomic status, according to research published in the May/June issue of the American Journal of Health Promotion.

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Vaccine May Have Role in Dravet Onset; Does Not Cause Disease

THURSDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- Pertussis vaccination may cause an earlier onset of Dravet syndrome in children who are destined to develop the disease because of a mutation, but the vaccine does not appear to affect outcomes and there is no reason to withhold it, according to research published online May 5 in The Lancet Neurology.

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Participation of Fellow in Colonoscopies Boosts Detection

THURSDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- When gastrointestinal (GI) fellows -- especially third-year fellows -- are involved in the performance of routine screening colonoscopies, the detection rates for adenomas and polyps are increased, according to a study in the May issue of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.

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High Resting Heart Rate Predicts Major Cardio Events

THURSDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD), a high resting heart rate is associated with an increase in major cardiovascular events, and the risk goes up as resting heart rate increases, according to research published in the April 1 issue of the American Journal of Cardiology.

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Drinking During Pregnancy May Raise Child's Leukemia Risk

THURSDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- In utero exposure to alcohol is associated with a significantly increased risk of childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which is relatively rare, according to research published in the May issue of Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.

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Preconception Counseling Benefits Teens With Diabetes

THURSDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- A preconception counseling program aimed at female teenagers with type 1 diabetes is beneficial and cost-effective, and its effects are sustained for at least nine months, according to research published in the April issue of Diabetes Care.

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Signs of Early AMD Less Common Among Asians

THURSDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- The age-specific prevalence of late age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is comparable between Asians and whites, but estimates of early AMD rates are lower in Asians than whites, according to research published in the May issue of Ophthalmology.

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Seminar Addresses State of Childhood Obesity

THURSDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- Although the rapid increase in childhood obesity prevalence in developed countries may be stabilizing, rates have risen substantially since the 1970s, and efforts to prevent obesity should continue at all levels, though bariatric surgery should be used only as a last-resort treatment in extreme cases, according to a seminar published online May 6 in The Lancet.

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Bar-Code Technology Reduces Medication Errors in Hospitals

WEDNESDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- Use of bar-code verification technology can substantially decrease both transcription errors and medication administration errors in hospitals, according to research published in the May 6 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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WHO Committee Cites Major Gaps in H1N1 Knowledge

WEDNESDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- Although researchers have obtained important information about the natural history and clinical management of 2009 H1N1 virus infection, considerable research gaps remain, according to a review published in the May 6 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Motor Vehicle Accidents Leading Cause of Teen Death

WEDNESDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- On average, more than 16,000 12- to 19-year-olds die each year in the United States, and the leading cause of death among this age group is motor vehicle accidents, according to a new report from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).

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Stent Type Does Not Affect Non-Cardiac Surgery Events

WEDNESDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- Patients who undergo non-cardiac surgery after receiving a stent, especially within 42 days, are at increased risk for complications including death -- particularly after an acute coronary syndrome -- but the type of stent used is not an influencing factor, according to research published online May 4 in Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions.

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China Bound for Cardiovascular Disease Epidemic

WEDNESDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- The inevitable growth and aging of China's population will increase its rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD) by more than 50 percent in the next 20 years, but reducing or eliminating individual risk trends could help counteract the expected epidemic, according to research published online May 4 in Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes.

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White Paper Addresses Pros and Cons of HPV Typing

WEDNESDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- A new white paper -- "What is the Role of HPV Typing in the United States Now and in the Next Five Years in a Vaccinated Population?" -- provides guidance to clinicians about the administration of advanced screening technologies for cervical cancer prevention. The paper was published online April 24 in Gynecologic Oncology.

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Prognosis Varies Per Glycemic Index Pre-Revascularization

WEDNESDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- Having a low -- but not too low -- glycemic index prior to surgery is optimal for best cardiovascular outcomes after coronary revascularization in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), according to a study in the April 1 issue of the American Journal of Cardiology.

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PSA Kinetics Not Reliable in Predicting Adverse Pathology

WEDNESDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) velocity (PSAV) and doubling time (PSADT) do not appear to be reliable in predicting adverse pathology, and should not replace annual surveillance biopsy in men undergoing active surveillance for prostate cancer, according to a study published online May 3 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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Concomitant Vaccination Feasible in Adolescents

WEDNESDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- In adolescents, co-administration of the Gardasil, Menactra, and Adacel vaccines is not associated with decreased safety, tolerability or immunogenicity of the individual vaccines, according to a study published online May 3 in Pediatrics.

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Global Endometrial Ablation Helpful for Bleeding Disorders

WEDNESDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- Women with bleeding disorders who undergo global endometrial ablation (GEA) for menorrhagia report improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and high satisfaction after the procedure, according to research published in the April issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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Early Heart Failure Follow-Up Tied to Lower Readmission Rate

TUESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Patients who are hospitalized for heart failure are unlikely to have early follow-up after discharge, but those who are discharged from hospitals that have a higher rate of following up within one week have a lower risk of being readmitted within 30 days, according to a study published in the May 5 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Pneumococcal Vaccine Not Found to Reduce Heart Risks

TUESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- In older men, receipt of pneumococcal vaccine is not linked to a reduced risk of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, according to a study in the May 5 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Vitamin A May Not Prevent Pregnancy-Related Deaths

TUESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Weekly vitamin A supplements given to women of reproductive age may not reduce pregnancy-related deaths or all-cause mortality, according to research published online May 4 in The Lancet.

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Cost Barriers Hamper Herpes Zoster Vaccination of Seniors

TUESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Though most physicians recommend the use of herpes zoster vaccine in older adults, they are hampered by its financial barriers, according to survey results published in the May 4 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine. A study in the same issue found that the vaccine is well tolerated in older adults.

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Most People Don't Know Which Hospitals Are Stroke-Certified

TUESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Despite believing that it is important to know where to get specialty stroke care, most Americans do not know which hospitals in their area are considered stroke-certified, according to the results of a survey released by the American Stroke Association on May 3.

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Growth Hormone Enhances Body Composition in Athletes

TUESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Giving growth hormone to recreational athletes -- alone in women and alone or with testosterone in men -- results in increased sprint capacity and changes in body composition, according to a study in the May 4 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.

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Pediatricians May Not Recognize High Blood Pressure

TUESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- At some pediatric practices, many cases of elevated blood pressure go unrecognized, and the most important factors associated with under-recognition are an absence of cardiovascular disease risk factors such as obviously elevated blood pressure, obesity, and family history of cardiovascular disease, according to a study published online May 3 in Pediatrics.

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Magnetic Stimulation Found Effective for Depression

MONDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- The use of daily left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is likely an effective and safe option for the treatment of major depressive disorder, according to a study in the May issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

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Rate of Childhood Obesity, Overweight Varies by State

MONDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- In 2007, there were substantial geographic disparities in childhood overweight and obesity, with the prevalence increasing in many states from 2003 to 2007, according to data published online May 3 in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.

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Antidepressants in Pregnancy May Impact Child Behavior

MONDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- Antidepressant use during pregnancy and twin birth weight differences may affect later behavior in children, while nicotine use during pregnancy may lead to sleep disturbances in children, according to three studies published in the May issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.

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Obese Children Are More Likely to Be Bullied

MONDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- Obese children are more likely to be bullied than their normal-weight peers, regardless of several potential academic, social and sociodemographic confounders, according to research published online May 3 in Pediatrics.

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Spanking Ranks Low as Discipline Option in U.S. Poll

MONDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- When it comes to child discipline, most parents today opt to reason with their child, take away something the child enjoys, or ground the child or put him or her in timeout to get their point across instead of spanking, according to research published in the April 16 issue of C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health.

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Children's and Infants' Liquid Medicines Recalled

MONDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- McNeil Consumer Healthcare and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration have alerted health care professionals of the voluntary recall of various over-the-counter liquid products for children and infants, including Tylenol, Motrin, Zyrtec and Benadryl products, as some of them may not meet quality standards.

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