Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Family Practice for September 2008. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
Long-Term Psychotherapy Seen As Beneficial
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- In the treatment of patients with complex mental disorders, long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy lasting at least a year is significantly more effective than short-term therapy, according to a review published in the Oct. 1 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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News Media Under-Report Drug Company Funding of Research
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Reports on medication research published in general news media often fail to disclose that the research received pharmaceutical company funding and frequently refer to drugs by brand name rather than using the generic name, according to an article published in the Oct. 1 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Road Traffic Accidents High on Presidential Election Days
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- There are more fatal road traffic accidents on the days of U.S. presidential elections than usual, and the increase is even greater than that of Super Bowl Sundays, according to a research letter published in the Oct. 1 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Electrocardiogram Finding in Ventricular Fibrillation
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- J-point elevation is more common in the electrocardiograms of patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation than healthy individuals and athletes, according to the results of a study in the Oct. 7 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Warfarin Use Linked to Larger Intracerebral Hemorrhage
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who are using warfarin and have an international normalized ratio (INR) greater than 3.0 may be at risk of larger hemorrhage, according to research published in the Sept. 30 issue of Neurology.
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Time to Procedure After Heart Attack Should Be Increased
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- The recommended time to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) should be increased from under 90 minutes to 90 to 120 minutes based on current evidence, according to a commentary in the Oct. 7 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Depression Screening Urged for Heart Patients
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Because coronary heart disease is often accompanied by depression, clinicians should aggressively screen patients for symptoms of depression and provide appropriate treatment, according to an American Heart Association Science Advisory published online Sept. 29 in Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.
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Higher Doses of Hepatitis C Drugs Improve Outcomes
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Higher doses of peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin can improve the virologic response and relapse rate in difficult-to-treat patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, although the higher doses are less well-tolerated by patients, according to study findings published in the October issue of Hepatology.
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Hyperuricemia Predicts Cardiac Risk in Surgical Patients
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Hyperuricemia in patients undergoing vascular surgery is predictive of late mortality and major adverse cardiac events, but not 30-day mortality, researchers report in the Oct. 1 issue of the American Journal of Cardiology.
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Excess Prenatal Testosterone Negatively Impacts Males
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Excess testosterone exposure during pregnancy reduces the reproductive health of male offspring in sheep, according to a report first released online July 31, in advance of publication in an upcoming issue of Endocrinology.
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Biventricular Assist Device Shows Promise in Children
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- The use of biventricular assist devices may be an effective method for sustaining small children awaiting heart transplantation, according to research published Sept. 30 in a supplement issue of Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.
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Statins Don't Raise Risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Using statins does not raise the risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), according to research conducted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and published online Sept. 29 in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety.
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Resident-Led Heart Surgeries Not Linked to Worse Outcomes
TUESDAY, Sept. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Cardiac surgeries performed by senior-level residents resulted in similar long-term event-free survival as procedures performed by staff surgeons, according to research published Sept. 30 in a supplement issue of Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.
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Treatment Guidelines Exclude Some Hepatitis B Patients
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Current guidelines for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection exclude many patients who develop serious liver-related complications, although this can be improved by including additional clinical and viral features, according to a report published in the October issue of Hepatology.
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Opioid Dependence Linked to Poorer Post-Rehab Outcomes
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Prescription opioid dependence was found to be relatively common in patients with chronic disabling occupational spinal disorders beginning a functional rehabilitation program, according to research published in the Sept. 15 issue of Spine.
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Publication Bias Seen in Published Drug Trials
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Trials supporting the applications for a variety of new drugs appear to be affected by publication bias, which may lead to an inappropriately favorable representation of the drug in the medical literature, according to research published in the September issue of PLoS Medicine.
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Gastric Bypass May Be Associated with Bone Loss
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass may be at risk of subsequent bone loss, according to research published in the October issue of the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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Periodic Fasting May Decrease Cardiac Risk
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Both the proscription of tobacco products and periodic fasting may lower the risk of coronary artery disease, according to the results of a study published in the Oct. 1 issue of the American Journal of Cardiology.
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Incontinence Frequency High Among Female Athletes
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Urinary stress incontinence is common among menstruating, recreational athletes and may lead to discontinuation or alteration of an enjoyed activity, according to the results of a study published online Sept. 26 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
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Psychotropic Drug Use in Youths Varies Across Countries
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Treatment patterns of psychotropic medication in children and adolescents vary widely between the United States, the Netherlands and Germany, according to an article in the Sept. 25 issue of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health.
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Gender Inequity Observed in Hematuria Referral
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Women with an initial episode or first recurrence of hematuria are less likely to receive urological referral in comparison to men of the same age, which may lead to delays in evaluation and diagnosis for serious urological conditions, researchers report in the September issue of Urology.
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Flu Vaccination Rises in Adults But Still Low in Children
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- During the 2006-2007 flu season, influenza vaccination coverage increased among adults, but only one in five children aged 6 months to 23 months were fully vaccinated, according to two reports from researchers at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published in the Sept. 26 issue of the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
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Early Dietary Fish Introduction May Decrease Eczema Risk
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Introducing fish to an infant's diet before 9 months of age reduces risk of eczema, while breast-feeding does not, according to a report published online Sept. 25 in the Archives of Disease in Childhood.
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Early Warning About Increased Mortality in Epoetin Alfa Trial
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has issued a warning to researchers conducting clinical trials of epoetin alfa in the treatment of stroke patients, after a German trial of the drug to treat acute ischemic stroke reported increased mortality among the study group versus controls.
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Exercise Helps with Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- A physical activity intervention to help pregnant women stop smoking appears to be feasible and beneficial, according to study results published in the Sept. 23 issue of BMC Public Health.
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Joint Commission Issues Anticoagulant Event Alert
MONDAY, Sept. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Specific risk reduction strategies can help prevent errors in the administration of anticoagulants that often result in harm or death, according to a Sentinel Event Alert published Sept. 24 by The Joint Commission, which accredits and certifies more than 15,000 health care organizations and programs in the United States.
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Candesartan Benefits Diabetes-Related Retinopathy
FRIDAY, Sept. 26 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with type 1 diabetes and no existing retinopathy are less likely to develop the condition if they are treated with candesartan, but the drug does not have a beneficial effect in patients who already have retinopathy, according to a report published online Sept. 26 in The Lancet. A second study indicates that candesartan can lead to improvement of retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes and mild to moderate retinopathy.
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Isoflavone Improves Endothelial Function
FRIDAY, Sept. 26 (HealthDay News) -- Isoflavone supplementation reverses endothelial dysfunction and may prove efficacious in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, according to a report published online Sept. 23 in the European Heart Journal.
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Britain's Breast-Feeding Promotion Efforts Are Failing
FRIDAY, Sept. 26 (HealthDay News) -- The U.K. health care system is failing to encourage women to breast-feed, and a national breast-feeding promotion strategy is urgently required if breast-feeding rates are to improve, according to an editorial published online Sept. 25 in BMJ.
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New Stem Cell Process May Sidestep Complication
FRIDAY, Sept. 26 (HealthDay News) -- A new method of creating induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells appears to avoid problems associated with the use of genome-integrating viruses, according to research published online Sept. 25 in Science.
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Hospital Infections Negatively Impact Pancreatitis
FRIDAY, Sept. 26 (HealthDay News) -- Acute episodes of pancreatitis complicated by hospital-acquired infections result in increased mortality, length of hospital stay and hospital charges, according to a report in the September issue of Gastroenterology.
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Breast Cancer Incidence Increasing in China
FRIDAY, Sept. 26 (HealthDay News) -- China is on the verge of a breast cancer epidemic, with 2.5 million postmenopausal cases anticipated by the year 2021, according to the results of a study published in the Oct. 1 issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
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Glucose Watch in Pregnancy Cuts Risk of Complications
FRIDAY, Sept. 26 (HealthDay News) -- Diabetic women whose blood sugar is continuously monitored during pregnancy are more likely to have better glycemic control in the third trimester, and their babies have a lower birth weight and reduced risk of macrosomia, according to research published Sept. 25 in BMJ Online First.
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No Easy Answer to How Much Should Be Spent on Health Care
FRIDAY, Sept. 26 (HealthDay News) -- Although capping health care expenditure as a fixed proportion of gross domestic product (GDP) may control costs, it is not necessarily the best way to reflect the priority that a society places on health, according to two Head to Head articles published online Sept. 25 in BMJ.
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Community-Based Education Can Halve Neonatal Mortality
FRIDAY, Sept. 26 (HealthDay News) -- A community-based behavior modification program was able to reduce neonatal mortality by more than half in a rural setting in India, researchers report in the Sept. 27 issue of The Lancet.
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Hypnosis May Relieve Hot Flashes in Breast Cancer Survivors
THURSDAY, Sept. 25 (HealthDay News) -- Hypnosis may be beneficial in reducing hot flashes in breast cancer survivors, according to research published online Sept. 22 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
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Race May Affect Labor Induction Rates
THURSDAY, Sept. 25 (HealthDay News) -- Maternal race is associated with induction of labor, with rates increasing disproportionately among non-African American women, according to the results of a study published in the September issue of Medical Care.
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Panel Reviews Cryosurgery for Localized Prostate Cancer
THURSDAY, Sept. 25 (HealthDay News) -- Cryosurgery is an appropriate primary treatment for certain men with organ-confined prostate cancer, and salvage cryosurgery can be a suitable option for men who have failed radiation therapy, according to a best practice statement published online Sept. 25 in the Journal of Urology.
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Liraglutide Is Safe, Effective Type 2 Diabetes Treatment
THURSDAY, Sept. 25 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, treatment with liraglutide produces better results than glimepiride in terms of reduced glycosylated hemoglobin, weight, hypoglycemia and blood pressure, according to the results of a study published online Sept. 25 in The Lancet.
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Cost/Benefit Analysis Can Justify Health Promotion Costs
THURSDAY, Sept. 25 (HealthDay News) -- Using a return-on-investment model is a practical way to justify the cost of worksite-based health promotion programs, assuming risk reduction data is available, according to an article published in the September issue of the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
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Adding Intervention Not Cost Effective in Coronary Disease
THURSDAY, Sept. 25 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with stable coronary artery disease, the addition of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to optimal medical therapy is not a cost-effective initial management strategy, and treating patients with established vascular disease is associated with a substantial economic burden, according to two studies published in the September issue of Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes.
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Childhood Cancer Survivors Face Increased Mortality Risks
THURSDAY, Sept. 25 (HealthDay News) -- Children and adolescent cancer survivors may continue to face the risk of increased morbidity and mortality due to recurrence of their original cancer, researchers report in the Oct. 1 issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
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High-Caffeine Drinks Pose Growing Health Hazard
THURSDAY, Sept. 25 (HealthDay News) -- The growing popularity of high-caffeine content energy drinks has resulted in an increasing number of reports of caffeine intoxication, and an increase in the combined use of caffeine and alcohol, according to a study published online Sept. 21 in Drug and Alcohol Dependence.
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Abortion Rate in America at 30-Year Low
THURSDAY, Sept. 25 (HealthDay News) -- The rate of women in America seeking abortion hit a 30-year low in 2004, but this trend masks disparities in abortion rates across various demographic groups, according to a report published in August by the Guttmacher Institute.
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Benefits and Risks Affect Cervical Cancer Screening
THURSDAY, Sept. 25 (HealthDay News) -- Among women who regularly screen for cervical cancer, lifetime risk is similar among differing screening approaches, but differences in referral for invasive work-up are significant, researchers report in the Sept. 22 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Bisphosphonate Infusion Linked to Ocular Complication
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Physicians should be aware that bisphosphonate infusions can result in a serious but rare complication: orbital inflammatory disease, according to a case study published in the Sept. 25 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Media Firestorm Over Pediatric Statins Misses the Point
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 24 (HealthDay News) -- When the American Academy of Pediatrics released revised recommendations for the management of hypercholesterolemia in children this year, a media firestorm erupted over the inclusion of statins as potential first-line pharmacologic agents. But the epidemic of childhood obesity has forced pediatricians to balance the unknown risks associated with pharmacologic therapy in children against the risk that failure to treat could lead to heart attacks and other complications in young adulthood, according to a Perspective article published in the Sept. 25 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Test Using AURKA Gene Points to Bladder Cancer
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 24 (HealthDay News) -- The Aurora kinase A (AURKA) gene -- which promotes progression in several tumors when overexpressed, including urothelial carcinoma -- may provide a novel biomarker for bladder cancer, according to research published in the Oct. 1 issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
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Heart Treatment Delays More Common in Poor, Underinsured
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Disparities related to health insurance and socioeconomic status are associated with excessive time delays that may impede effective treatment for acute myocardial infarction, researchers report in the Sept. 22 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Insulin Resistance Varies in Liver, Skeletal Muscle
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 24 (HealthDay News) -- The rapid onset of insulin resistance following hemorrhage appears to involve glucocorticoids in skeletal muscle, but not the liver, according to research published online Sept. 18 in Endocrinology.
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Time Between Stent, Later Surgery Linked to Lower Risk
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 24 (HealthDay News) -- In patients who have undergone bare-metal stent implantation, the risk of major cardiac events with a subsequent non-cardiac surgery is lower if at least three months have passed after the stent intervention; for drug-eluting stents, rates of major cardiac events with subsequent surgeries showed a trend toward being lowest after a year, according to the results of two studies published in the October issue of Anesthesiology.
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Physical Activity Increases Exercise Efficiency
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Increases in physical activity lead to enhanced exercise efficiency in previously sedentary, overweight patients, while weight loss alone does not significantly improve exercise efficiency, according to research published in the September issue of the Journal of Applied Physiology.
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Monitoring Strategy Cost-Effective in HIV Treatment
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Monitoring CD4 counts in people with HIV in resource-limited countries can considerably improve life expectancy and reduce total costs compared to the usual symptom-based approaches, according to research published in the Sept. 22 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Gene Variant Linked to Increased Risk of Melanoma
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 24 (HealthDay News) -- A polymorphism in the vitamin D-receptor gene is associated with a significantly increased risk of melanoma, according to research published online Sept. 24 in the journal Cancer.
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Retinal Photography Feasible in Primary Care
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Primary care clinicians can achieve reasonable accuracy in screening for diabetic retinopathy utilizing images from a retinal camera, but additional training may be necessary to identify other abnormalities that ophthalmologists feel need referral, according to a report published in the September/October issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.
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Hormone Therapy May Reduce Breast Cancer Risk
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Among postmenopausal women who carry the BRCA1 mutation, hormone therapy is not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer and may be associated with a reduced risk, according to a report published online Sept. 23 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
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Inhaled Anticholinergics Increase Cardiovascular Risk
TUESDAY, Sept. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Use of inhaled anticholinergics raises the risk of cardiovascular death, heart attack or stroke in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to a meta-analysis published in the Sept. 24 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Racial Discrepancies Exist for Asymptomatic Colon Polyps
TUESDAY, Sept. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Black patients undergoing colonoscopy reveal a higher prevalence of polyps compared to white individuals, according to data reported in the Sept. 24 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcomes Differ
TUESDAY, Sept. 23 (HealthDay News) -- There were significant differences in survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases treated by emergency medical services (EMS) across North American cities, according to a study published in the Sept. 24 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. The American Heart Association guidelines may enable identification of appropriate cases for increased cardiopulmonary resuscitative efforts, according to another study.
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Celiac Disease Common in Family Members of Patients
TUESDAY, Sept. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Family members, particularly siblings, of patients with celiac disease are at higher risk of developing the disease than previously thought, researchers report in the September issue of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.
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Post-Operative Delirium Increases with Statin Use
TUESDAY, Sept. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Post-operative delirium is significantly more common among patients using statins compared to patients using other cardiac and non-cardiac medications, according to a report in the Sept. 23 issue of CMAJ, the journal of the Canadian Medical Association.
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Family History Increases Brain Cancer Risk
TUESDAY, Sept. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with a family history of astrocytoma or glioblastoma are at a significantly increased risk for developing primary brain cancer, researchers report in the Sept. 23 issue of Neurology.
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American Indians Have More Strokes Than US Whites, Blacks
TUESDAY, Sept. 23 (HealthDay News) -- American Indians have a higher incidence of stroke, as well as a higher case-fatality rate following a first stroke, than some other segments of the U.S. population, according to an article published online Sept. 22 in Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.
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Nasal Insulin Doesn't Prevent Type 1 Diabetes in At-Risk Kids
TUESDAY, Sept. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Prophylactic administration of nasal insulin soon after birth does not prevent children with HLA genotypes and autoantibodies from developing type 1 diabetes, nor does it delay onset of the disease, according to research published online Sept. 23 in The Lancet.
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Physicians May Lack Empathy with Lung Cancer Patients
TUESDAY, Sept. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Physicians miss many opportunities for empathic communication during consultations with lung cancer patients, according to a report published in the Sept. 22 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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No Racial or Gender Bias in Time to Electrocardiogram
TUESDAY, Sept. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Among chest pain cases presenting at hospital emergency departments, there are no racial or gender disparities in terms of time from admission to electrocardiogram (EKG), but patients over the age of 60 tend to be tested more promptly than their younger counterparts, according to a report published in the October issue of the Journal of Emergency Nursing.
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Passive Smoking Linked to Peripheral Arterial Disease
TUESDAY, Sept. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Secondhand smoke appears to be a risk factor for peripheral arterial disease in older Chinese women who have never smoked, according to research published online Sept. 22 in Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.
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Thyroid Dysfunction Linked to Heart Failure in Elderly
TUESDAY, Sept. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Elderly individuals with severe subclinical hypothyroidism have a higher incidence of heart failure, according to study findings published in the Sept. 30 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Bone Health Stable After Rapid Weight Loss in Young Adults
MONDAY, Sept. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Calorie restriction in overweight adults may lead to significant, favorable changes in body composition without affecting bone health over a six-month period, researchers report in the Sept. 22 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Parents Make Decisions Based on Hope, Not Science
MONDAY, Sept. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Parents of babies who die as a result of extreme prematurity or potentially lethal congenital abnormalities report that religion, spirituality and hope guided their decisions about resuscitation rather than the physician's predictions about morbidity and death, according to an article published in the September issue of Pediatrics.
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White Coat Hypertension Has Lower Mortality Risk
MONDAY, Sept. 22 (HealthDay News) -- The mortality rate associated with white coat hypertension is significantly lower than that associated with sustained hypertension, according to a report in the September/October issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.
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No Change to 2009 Part B Medicare Premium
MONDAY, Sept. 22 (HealthDay News) -- There will be no change to the Part B Standard Medicare premium in 2009 compared with 2008. This is the first time since 2000 that the premium has not risen over the prior year, according to an announcement by the Department of Health and Human Services' Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS).
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Vitamin C Can Protect Against Bone Loss in Elderly Men
MONDAY, Sept. 22 (HealthDay News) -- High vitamin C intake can protect against bone loss in some groups of elderly men but not elderly women, even after adjusting for fruit and vegetable intake, according to research published in the October issue of the Journal of Nutrition.
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Needle Core Biopsies of Renal Masses Are Accurate, Safe
MONDAY, Sept. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Needle core biopsies are safe and correctly identify benign versus malignant renal tumors in small, asymptomatic renal lesions, according to a report in the October issue of the Journal of Urology.
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Many Prostate Cancers Detected After Initial Biopsy
MONDAY, Sept. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Although prostate cancer diagnosed in an initial biopsy has higher volume, a significant number of cancers are detected on subsequent biopsies, researchers report in the October issue of the Journal of Urology.
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Uric Acid Levels Linked to Kidney Disease
MONDAY, Sept. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Elevated uric acid levels are associated with an increased risk of kidney disease, according to the results of a study published online Sept. 17 in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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Childhood Paracetamol Use Linked to Later Asthma Symptoms
FRIDAY, Sept. 19 (HealthDay News) -- The use of paracetamol (acetaminophen), whether in the first year of life or later in childhood, is associated with higher risk of asthma symptoms at ages 6 and 7, according to research published in the Sept. 20 issue of The Lancet.
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Idea of 'Safe' Tan Rebutted in Series of Papers
FRIDAY, Sept. 19 (HealthDay News) -- Exposure to ultraviolet radiation is an important risk factor for cancer in humans, and evidence does not support the safety of tanning bed use, according to three review articles published in the October Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research.
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Measuring Exhaled NO Adds Little to Asthma Treatment
FRIDAY, Sept. 19 (HealthDay News) -- Regularly measuring fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (NO) didn't lead to improvement in asthma symptoms or lung function in young patients with asthma, according to research published in the Sept. 20 issue of The Lancet.
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Call for Expansion of Congenital Disorders Screening
FRIDAY, Sept. 19 (HealthDay News) -- Screening all newborns for a panel of 29 disorders recommended by the American College of Medical Genetics would help detect significantly more children with rare disorders, according to a report published in the Sept. 19 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
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Physician's Office Hours Affect Time to Stroke Treatment
FRIDAY, Sept. 19 (HealthDay News) -- People who experience a transient ischemic attack or a minor stroke outside their primary physician's office hours wait longer before seeking treatment than those who have a stroke during general practice opening hours, according to a report published online Sept. 18 in BMJ.
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Folate, B6 Intake Linked to Colon Cancer Risk
FRIDAY, Sept. 19 (HealthDay News) -- Reduced intake of folate and vitamin B6 is associated with an elevated risk of p53-overexpressing colon cancers but not wild-type tumors, according to research published in the September issue of Gastroenterology.
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Hepatitis B Screening Recommendations Expanded
FRIDAY, Sept. 19 (HealthDay News) -- New recommendations have been issued regarding screening for chronic hepatitis B, according to a report released by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published in the Sept. 19 issue of the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
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Cream and Light Therapy Effective for Actinic Keratoses
FRIDAY, Sept. 19 (HealthDay News) -- The precancerous skin growths known as actinic keratoses can be effectively treated with a topical cream and photodynamic therapy, researchers report in the October issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.
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Several Risk Factors Linked to Adult-Onset Asthma
FRIDAY, Sept. 19 (HealthDay News) -- Factors associated with asthma diagnosed in adulthood include persistent wheezing in early life, bronchial hyper-responsiveness at 6 years of age, and allergic or non-allergic rhinitis in adulthood, according to the results of two studies published in the Sept. 20 issue of The Lancet.
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Cranberry Juice May Prevent Urinary Symptoms in Pregnancy
FRIDAY, Sept. 19 (HealthDay News) -- Cranberry juice may protect against asymptomatic bacteriuria and symptomatic urinary tract infections in pregnant women, although more research is needed to confirm the findings, according to a report in the October issue of the Journal of Urology.
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Antibiotic Resistance Has Become a Global Pandemic
FRIDAY, Sept. 19 (HealthDay News) -- A concerted international and national response, behavior change by consumers and providers, and the development of antibacterial agents are all urgently needed to tackle the global problem of rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance, according to an article published online Sept. 18 in BMJ.
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MRI Can Detect Carotid Plaque Hemorrhage
THURSDAY, Sept. 18 (HealthDay News) -- MRI offers a non-invasive method of assessing intraplaque hemorrhage in carotid arteries to identify patients at greater risk of atherosclerotic disease, according to a report in the October issue of Radiology.
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Vaccine Against H. pylori Shows Promise in Phase I Study
THURSDAY, Sept. 18 (HealthDay News) -- An intramuscular vaccine against Helicobacter pylori offers promising immunogenicity and appears safe, according to research published in the September issue of Gastroenterology.
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History, Physical Exam Provide Accurate Cardiac Estimates
THURSDAY, Sept. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Estimates of hemodynamic parameters from a history and physical exam are largely accurate and can predict death or rehospitalization in patients with advanced heart failure, according to study findings published in the September issue of Circulation: Heart Failure.
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Timing of C-Section Perioperative Antibiotics Compared
THURSDAY, Sept. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Preoperative antibiotics significantly reduce postpartum endometritis compared to antibiotics given at cord clamping, but do not affect neonatal outcomes, according to research published in the September issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
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Spanish Speakers in America Face Barriers to Health Care
THURSDAY, Sept. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Spanish-speaking Hispanics in America have less access to health care, while immigrant children are increasingly uninsured and disparities along the border with Mexico are a persistent problem, according to three studies published online Sept. 17 in the American Journal of Public Health.
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Ambulatory Surgery Center Development Is a Complex Task
THURSDAY, Sept. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Profit, flexibility and attractiveness to both surgeons and patients are the keys to a well-designed ambulatory surgery center, according to an article published in the September issue of AORN Journal.
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Cardiac Ultrasound Identifies Low-Risk Patients
THURSDAY, Sept. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Despite the cost of performing myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) in all patients with suspected cardiac chest pain and a non-diagnostic electrocardiogram (ECG), MCE can identify low-risk patients with non-cardiac chest pain that can safely be discharged and potentially reduce unnecessary hospitalizations and costs, according to the results of a study published in the Sept. 15 issue of the American Journal of Cardiology.
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Infectious Gastroenteritis Linked to Bowel Disease
THURSDAY, Sept. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Both a prior episode of infectious gastroenteritis and a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome increase the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), researchers report in the September issue of Gastroenterology.
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Antibiotics Questioned in Spontaneous Preterm Labor
THURSDAY, Sept. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Women who go into spontaneous preterm labor without ruptured membranes and no obvious signs of infection should not receive antibiotics because it may increase their children's subsequent risk of functional impairments and cerebral palsy, according to a study published online Sept. 18 in The Lancet.
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Lifestyle Changes Increase Telomerase Activity
THURSDAY, Sept. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Significant increases in telomerase activity and telomere maintenance capacity were found in patients following a comprehensive lifestyle intervention, according to an article published online Sept. 16 in The Lancet Oncology.
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Sarcoidosis Patients at Risk of Mental Illness
THURSDAY, Sept. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Sarcoidosis patients are at risk of developing depression, anxiety and other mental disorders, and many should be referred for psychiatric or psychological evaluation, according to a report published in the September issue of General Hospital Psychiatry.
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Interleukin-20 May Be Important in Disc Herniation
THURSDAY, Sept. 18 (HealthDay News) -- The cytokine interleukin (IL)-20 -- which is involved in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis -- was found in herniated intervertebral disc tissue and may be involved in the pathogenesis of disc herniation, according to research published in the Sept. 1 issue of Spine.
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Medical Home Concept Needs Wide Support to Succeed
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 17 (HealthDay News) -- The 'medical home' model, whereby patients can enjoy coordinated primary care within a patient-centered practice model, must overcome several obstacles in order to succeed, according to an article published in the Sept. 18 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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CT Colonography Sensitive for Large Adenomas
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Computed tomographic (CT) colonography is a sensitive method for detecting large adenomas and cancers in asymptomatic adults, while individuals negative for adenomas are at low risk of developing cancers five years later, according to two studies published in the Sept. 18 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Dermatology Residencies Need More Skin of Color Training
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Dermatology residents in the United States receive relatively little training in treating skin of color, which needs to be improved given that about 48 percent of the U.S. population will be non-white by 2050, according to research published in the October issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.
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Healthy Middle-Age Lifestyle Halves Women's Risk of Death
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Middle-aged women who avoid smoking, maintain a healthy body weight, get regular exercise and eat a diet low in red meat and trans-fats can reduce their risk of premature death by more than half, according to study findings published online Sept. 16 in BMJ.
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Beta-Blockers Reduce Risk of Heart Failure in Hypertension
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Although beta-blockers are effective in lowering blood pressure and reduce the risk of heart failure in patients with hypertension, they do not have incremental benefit compared with other antihypertensive drugs and increase the risk of stroke in the elderly, researchers report in the Sept. 23 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Factors Associated with Plavix Response Identified
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Obesity, diabetes mellitus and elevated plasma fibrinogen are associated with reduced platelet inhibition in patients with cardiovascular disease treated with clopidogrel (Plavix), according to the results of a study published in the Sept. 23 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Six Genetic Loci Linked to Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 17 (HealthDay News) -- The CD40 signaling pathway appears to be important in rheumatoid arthritis, and five other gene loci may be associated with the disease, according to research published online Sept. 14 in Nature Genetics.
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Maternal Vaccine Reduces Influenza in Infants
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 17 (HealthDay News) -- The use of influenza vaccine in pregnant women can decrease the risk of influenza in their infants up to six months of age and offer protection against febrile respiratory illness in both mothers and infants, according to research published online Sept. 17 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
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MRI Improves Diagnosis in Children with Hearing Loss
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 17 (HealthDay News) -- An abnormal cochlea and abnormal cochlear nerve are the most common inner ear abnormalities in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), and inner ear abnormalities are more common among patients with severe and profound SNHL and in children with unilateral hearing loss, according to a report in the September issue of the Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head & Neck Surgery.
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Obesity and Prostate-Specific Antigen Inversely Related
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 17 (HealthDay News) -- An inverse relationship between obesity and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels exists even among populations with a low prevalence of obesity, and may need to be taken into account when screening men for prostate cancer, researchers report in the September issue of Urology.
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Absent Nasal Bone Helps Predict Down Syndrome
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 17 (HealthDay News) -- While absent nasal bone and increased nuchal folds are both markers for Down syndrome, nasal bone hypoplasia is a more efficient test, according to a report in the September issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
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Massage Helpful for Immediate Pain Relief in Cancer
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Massage may offer short-term pain relief for patients with advanced cancer, according to research published in the Sept. 16 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Bicuspid Aortic Valve Linked to Primary Cardiac Events
TUESDAY, Sept. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Young adults with bicuspid aortic valve -- the most common congenital cardiac anomaly in the adult population -- may have an increased risk of primary cardiac events. But their survival rate is similar to that of the general population, researchers report in the Sept. 17 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Pelvic Floor Disorders Common Among US Women
TUESDAY, Sept. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Pelvic floor disorders such as urinary and fecal incontinence, and pelvic organ prolapse affect nearly 25 percent of U.S. women, and are even more prevalent in older and obese women, according to a report published in the Sept. 17 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Premixed Insulin Analogues Compare Well with Other Meds
TUESDAY, Sept. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Premixed insulin analogues may offer tighter glycemic control than long-acting insulin analogues or non-insulin agents in adults with type 2 diabetes, according to research published online Sept. 16 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Human Adult Stem Cells Benefit Mice After Stroke
TUESDAY, Sept. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Injection of human adult stem cells from the bone marrow into the brains of mice after a stroke can improve neurologic function, evidently due to modulation of inflammatory and immune responses, according to study findings published online Sept. 15 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Early Edition.
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Pulmonary Medications May Affect Death Risk
TUESDAY, Sept. 16 (HealthDay News) -- In patients newly diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), medication use may affect the risk of death. Inhaled corticosteroids appear to reduce the risk of death while ipratropium appears to increase it, according to a report published in the Sept. 16 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Link Between Migraine and Atherosclerosis Is Debunked
TUESDAY, Sept. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Migraine patients do not have a higher risk of atherosclerosis than other patients, but they appear to have a higher risk of venous thromboembolism, according to research published in the Sept. 16 issue of Neurology.
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Bleeding Profile with Contraceptive Ring Use Is Acceptable
TUESDAY, Sept. 16 (HealthDay News) -- In most women who use a transvaginal contraceptive ring, continuous use is associated with an acceptable bleeding profile, reductions in flow and pelvic pain, and a high continuation rate, according to study findings published in the Sept. 1 issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
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Drug-Eluting Stents Linked to Lower Death Risk
TUESDAY, Sept. 16 (HealthDay News) -- The use of drug-eluting stents is associated with a lower risk of death compared with bare-metal stents in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, according to the results of a study published in the Sept. 23 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Phone Counseling Improved Diet During Prostate Cancer
TUESDAY, Sept. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Telephone-based dietary counseling is effective in increasing vegetable consumption and lowering fat intake in men with prostate cancer, according to research published in the September issue of Urology.
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Methylprednisolone Shows Benefits After Disc Surgery
TUESDAY, Sept. 16 (HealthDay News) -- The use of epidural methylprednisolone immediately after lumbar discectomy may improve patients' recovery from the procedure, according to research published in the Sept. 1 issue of Spine.
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New Osteoporosis Clinical Practice Guideline Released
TUESDAY, Sept. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Among all patients with osteoporosis or a history of fragility fractures, pharmacologic treatment should be offered to reduce fracture risk, according to a new Clinical Practice Guideline published in the Sept. 16 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Auricular Prostheses Help with Speech Recognition
MONDAY, Sept. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Auricular prostheses may offer users an acoustic gain, which in turn helps to improve speech recognition in noisy environments, according to research published in the September/October issue of the Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery.
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Diabetes and Pouch Size Affect Efficacy of Gastric Bypass
MONDAY, Sept. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Although gastric bypass surgery patients are usually successful in losing weight, those with diabetes or a larger pouch size are more likely than other patients to have disappointing weight loss after surgery, according to a report published in the September issue of the Archives of Surgery.
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Pathogens May Play Role in Sudden Infant Deaths
MONDAY, Sept. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus found in normally sterile sites in cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) may be a contributor that should be considered in determining the cause of death, according to research published online Sept. 15 in the Archives of Disease in Childhood.
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Surgery May Benefit Some Epileptic Children
MONDAY, Sept. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Up to 30 percent of epileptic children have medically refractory epilepsy and may benefit from surgery, according to a review published in the September issue of Neurosurgical Focus.
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Exercise and Special Shoes Aid Osteoarthritis Patients
MONDAY, Sept. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Exercise programs focusing on muscle strengthening, and specialized shoes designed to decrease dynamic loads at the knee are promising therapies for osteoarthritis, according to two studies published in the Sept. 15 issue of Arthritis Care & Research.
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Newer Schizophrenia Drugs May Have Metabolic Side Effects
MONDAY, Sept. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Second-generation, or atypical, antipsychotic drugs used to treat children and adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia or schizo-affective disorder are not necessarily superior to first-generation drugs, according to an article published online Sept. 15 in the American Journal of Psychiatry.
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Alteplase Still Safe Treatment Up to 4.5 Hours
MONDAY, Sept. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Although intravenous alteplase has been approved for use in stroke patients within three hours of onset, it can be safely and effectively used up to 4.5 hours after onset, according to the results of a study published online Sept. 15 in The Lancet.
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Hysterectomy Incidence Declines in California
FRIDAY, Sept. 12 (HealthDay News) -- Since 1991, the incidence of hysterectomy for benign gynecologic conditions has dramatically declined in California, according to a report published in the September issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
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Models for BRCA1/2 Mutation Prediction Miss Mark in Asians
FRIDAY, Sept. 12 (HealthDay News) -- Two common prediction models for BRCA1/2 mutations -- BRCAPRO and Myriad II -- underestimated the number of mutation carriers in a sample of Asian Americans, compared to their accurate prediction of mutation carriers in whites, according to research published online Sept. 8 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
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Normal Liver Enzymes Should Not Exclude Biopsy
FRIDAY, Sept. 12 (HealthDay News) -- Because more than 50 percent of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels may have a potentially progressive liver disease, normal ALT should not be a contraindication for biopsy. Histological assessment may be especially warranted in patients with diabetes or insulin resistance who have normal ALT levels, according to research published in the September issue of Hepatology.
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Maternal Factors Linked to Likelihood of Spanking
FRIDAY, Sept. 12 (HealthDay News) -- Mothers with depression or exposure to partner violence are more likely to spank their children, according to research published online Sept. 11 in the Archives of Disease in Childhood.
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Topical Gabapentin Effective in Vulvodynia
FRIDAY, Sept. 12 (HealthDay News) -- In women with vulvodynia, treatment with topical gabapentin may lead to significant pain relief, according to study findings published in the September issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
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Gay Men Account for 72 Percent of New HIV Infections
FRIDAY, Sept. 12 (HealthDay News) -- Men who have sex with men accounted for 72 percent of new HIV infections in the United States in 2006, and blacks and Hispanics were disproportionately represented, according to study findings published in the Sept. 12 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
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Detoxifying Protein Levels Lower in COPD Lungs
FRIDAY, Sept. 12 (HealthDay News) -- Levels of a protein involved in detoxifying oxidants are lower in the lungs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to lower levels of a stabilizing protein, researchers report in the Sept. 15 issue of the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
