July 2011 Briefing - Gastroenterology

Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Gastroenterology for July 2011. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.

Adjuvant Chemo Provides No Benefit in Stage II Colon Cancer

FRIDAY, July 29 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with stage II colon cancer with or without poor prognostic features, adjuvant chemotherapy does not improve overall survival, according to a study published online July 25 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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CDC: U.S. Cholera Cases Linked to Hispaniola Epidemic

FRIDAY, July 29 (HealthDay News) -- In the United States, cholera cases caused by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 are linked to travel to Hispaniola and consumption of seafood from Haiti, according to a report published online July 21 in the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Emerging Infectious Diseases.

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Metabolic Syndrome Increases Primary Liver Cancer Risk

FRIDAY, July 29 (HealthDay News) -- Metabolic syndrome is a significant risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), regardless of other major risk factors for HCC and ICC, according to a study published in the August issue of Hepatology.

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Sequencing Shows German E. Coli Related to O104:H4 Strains

THURSDAY, July 28 (HealthDay News) -- Genome sequencing results suggest that the genome of the German outbreak Escherichia coli (E. coli) O104:H4 strain is closely related to other enteroaggregative E. coli O104:H4 strains, but can be distinguished by a prophage encoding Shiga toxin 2 and a specific set of virulence and antibiotic-resistance factors, according to a study published online July 27 in the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Hepatitis B and C Prevalent in Injecting Drug Users

THURSDAY, July 28 (HealthDay News) -- Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigens (HBsAg) are common in injecting drug users (IDUs), with an estimated 10.0 million IDUs positive for HCV and 1.2 million for HBsAg, according to a review published online July 28 in The Lancet.

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Rotavirus Infection Gives Lower Protection in India

WEDNESDAY, July 27 (HealthDay News) -- Rotavirus infection in India tends to occur early in life, has higher reinfection rates, and lower rates of protection against subsequent infection episodes than reported elsewhere, according to a study published in the July 28 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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GNAS, KRAS Mutations Seen in Precancerous Pancreatic Cysts

WEDNESDAY, July 27 (HealthDay News) -- Mutations in GNAS are present in 66 percent of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), while 96 percent of IPMNs have a mutation in GNAS and/or KRAS, according to a study published online July 20 in Science Translational Medicine.

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Germline Mutations Tied to Barrett Esophagus

WEDNESDAY, July 27 (HealthDay News) -- Three gene mutations, MSR1, ASCC1, and CTHRC1, are significantly associated with Barrett esophagus (BE) and/or esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), of which the MSR1 mutation is the most frequent but is only present in a small percentage of cases, according to a study published in the July 27 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Higher BMI Predicts Clinical Decompensation in Cirrhosis

TUESDAY, July 26 (HealthDay News) -- Higher body mass index (BMI) is a significant predictor of clinical decompensation (CD) in patients with compensated cirrhosis, independent of other previously described predictors and treatment groups, according to a study published online June 26 in Hepatology.

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Non-Receipt of Fluids in Children Tied to Increased Oligoanuria

MONDAY, July 25 (HealthDay News) -- Young patients with pre-hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) diarrhea, who do not receive intravenous fluids within the first four days of diarrhea onset, have increased risk of developing oligoanuria, according to a study published online July 22 in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.

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CDC: Sexual Transmission of Hepatitis C Evaluated

FRIDAY, July 22 (HealthDay News) -- HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) should be screened for hepatitis C virus (HCV), especially those who engage in high-risk sexual behavior, according to a report in the July 22 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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HCC Surgery Depends on Race, Socioeconomics, Hospital Type

FRIDAY, July 22 (HealthDay News) -- Only a small proportion of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergo surgical treatment, which varies significantly with race, socioeconomic status, and type of hospital, according to a study published in the July issue of the Archives of Surgery.

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FDA: Possible Bisphosphonate-Esophageal CA Link Reviewed

FRIDAY, July 22 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has notified health care professionals and patients that the use of oral bisphosphonates does not appear to increase the risk of esophageal cancer, with the agency currently not recommending endoscopic screening of asymptomatic patients.

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Triple-Drug Regimen Preferable for Treating H. Pylori

TUESDAY, July 19 (HealthDay News) -- The standard 14-day triple-drug regimen is more effective for treating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in Latin America than newer four-drug regimens, according to a study published online July 20 in The Lancet.

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Screening for Lynch Syndrome Beneficial at Acceptable Cost

TUESDAY, July 19 (HealthDay News) -- Identifying families with the Lynch syndrome could yield considerable benefits at acceptable costs, particularly for women, according to a study published online July 18 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

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Vaccination Rates Up for Those With Liver Disease, Diabetes

FRIDAY, July 15 (HealthDay News) -- Vaccination rates for hepatitis A (HepA) and hepatitis B (HepB) in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and diabetes increased from 1999 to 2008, but remain low, according to a study published online July 2 in Hepatology.

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Changes in Family Cancer History Impact Screening Needs

TUESDAY, July 12 (HealthDay News) -- Clinically relevant family history changes over time, specifically between the ages of 30 and 50 years, impact screening recommendations for colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer, according to a study published in the July 13 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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CRC Mortality Rates Vary Significantly Between States

THURSDAY, July 7 (HealthDay News) -- There has been a significant decrease in colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality rates across all states in the United States, except Mississippi, between 1990 and 2007, with northeastern states showing the maximum decreases and the southern states showing the least, according to a study published in the July issue of Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.

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CDC: Colorectal Cancer Screening Increasing

TUESDAY, July 5 (HealthDay News) -- Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates have increased in the United States in recent years and CRC incidence and mortality have fallen, though many people are still not receiving the recommended screening, according to a report published in the July 5 early-release issue of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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Priority Score Predicts Post-Op Survival and Dropout Risk

TUESDAY, July 5 (HealthDay News) -- A continuous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) priority score incorporating a model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), alpha-fetoprotein and tumor size can be used to predict dropout, post-transplantation survival, and recurrence rates after liver transplantation, according to a study published online June 10 in the American Journal of Transplantation.

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PCI Safe and Feasible in End-Stage Liver Disease

MONDAY, July 4 (HealthDay News) -- Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary artery disease (CAD) is safe and feasible for liver transplant candidates with end-stage liver disease (ESLD), according to a study published in the July issue of Liver Transplantation.

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Comorbidities Negatively Affect Breast Cancer Survival

FRIDAY, July 1 (HealthDay News) -- The presence of comorbidities among older patients with early breast cancer is associated with either similar or worse overall survival than that of patients at a later stage of cancer with no comorbidities, according to a study published online June 30 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

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