Here are some of the latest health and medical news developments, compiled by editors of HealthDay:
West Nile Continued Heading West in 2004
West Nile virus, an-encephalitis-like illness carried through the bite of mosquitoes, was the scourge of America's east coast a few short years ago. Deaths in double digits were common in New York, New Jersey and other northeastern states.
But the disease migrated quickly, and the number of recorded cases in states like New York plummeted this past year, according to the Associated Press.
In just one year -- between 2003 and 2004 -- the number of reported human cases in New York dropped from 71 to 10. The number of deaths was even more dramatic. In 2003, 11 people in New York died from West Nile, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In 2004, there were no deaths attributed to the disease. And there was good news throughout the Northeast. Massachusetts didn't even have a reported human case of West Nile in 2004.
But on the West Coast, the West Nile virus cases recorded the opposite numbers. CDC statistics show that California reported only three cases and no deaths in 2003, but it had 760 cases and 23 deaths in 2004. The state hardest hit in 2003 was Colorado, with 63 deaths out of 2,947 cases reported.
It does appear that West Nile's mortality rate is dropping dramatically. According to the CDC, there were 87 deaths nationwide in 2004 compared to 264 deaths in 2003.
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Middle-Aged Motherhood May Mean Longer Life for Mom
There may be an extra benefit for women who give birth later in life -- a longer life of their own.
The BBC reports that a Finnish study of an isolated group called Sami, who lived in northern Scandinavia from the 17th to the 19th centuries, revealed that the women who gave birth later in life also lived longer than women who gave birth in their teens and 20s.
The researchers from the University of Turku published their findings in Proceedings of the Royal Society, and admitted surprise at what they found. "This result is unexpected because late age at reproduction is not generally believed to be favored by natural selection, owing to its adverse effects on both the survival of the mother and the offspring," they said. But this study coincides with other research that shows the later a women goes through menopause, the longer she is likely to live.
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Heart Boy Goes Home for Christmas
A 14-year-old Arkansas boy, the first child to receive a new heart after relying on a newly developed miniature heart pump, is home for Christmas.
Born with a congenital heart defect, Travis Marcus of Cabot had several operations since birth. His parents took him to Arkansas Children's Hospital in Little Rock Sept. 5 for a routine procedure, but learned he had developed severe problems. The boy was placed on a heart-lung bypass machine and also placed on a transplant list. But doctors said the bypass machine damages a patient's organs and increases the risk of stroke and bleeding, according to the Associated Press.
Doctors then decided to implant the miniature pump -- the DeBakey Child Ventricular Assist Device, a 1-by-3-inch, 4-ounce device that fits inside the patient's chest and is powered by an external battery pack. It was developed by 96-year-old Houston heart surgeon Michael DeBakey, considered the father of modern cardiovascular surgery. It had been used in only one other child -- a 6-year-old Texas girl who died in April before she could receive a transplant.
DeBakey flew to Little Rock to visit Travis and his family as Dr. Jonathan Drummond-Webb implanted the device Sept. 16. Two months later, Travis got a new heart. On Thursday, he left the hospital and was planning to help his sister bake Christmas cookies at home.
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Sleep Deprivation Overrated in the UK
Stress, worry, bad food, too much or too little exercise, aging -- all the factors that have been attributed to sleep deprivation apparently don't apply to the British.
According to a study published in the latest edition of the Journal of Sleep Research, adults in Britain are getting about the same amount of sleep they got when the Beatles were achieving fame.
The study was headed by John Groeger, a professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of Surrey in Guildford.
According to the BBC, the survey was conducted among 2,000 adults who averaged seven hours sleep a night, just about the same as the average in the mid-1960s. The researchers found little variance, with 5 percent of those in the study sleeping fewer than 5 hours, and 6 percent sleeping more than 9 hours.
So, where does the idea come from that our modern society isn't getting enough sleep? Groeger told the BBC, "It's very hard to find any evidence that we live in a sleep-deprived society," he said,"but it's clearly something that's discussed a great deal in the media."
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Wanted: A Few Good ... Hollywood Techies
Military medicine professionals want to take advantage of high tech virtuosity, and they're doing it in real time.
The Associated Press reports that The U.S. Army is particularly interested in all the motion picture special graphic effects enhanced by computer technology. They could be used for combat medic training, according to
Dr. Greg Mogel, West Coast director of the U.S. Army's Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center. "When a character in a video game or movie is killed ... the graphics they use to show what that wound would look like is absolutely something we need to expose all health care workers to," he told the wire service.
While the Army is looking to strengthen alliances with Hollywood, the U.S. Navy has begun a program to create a emergency medical response enhanced by satellite and computer imaging.
The A.P. reports that the U.S. Office of Naval Research has started to develop a "virtual doctor" as part of the First Responder Emergency Communications-Mobile (FREC-M), a program that may some day save lives on the battlefield.
Using a maritime satellite, the FREC-M can transmit photographic images and vital life sign data from the ambulance during combat to a hospital or trauma center, and doctors there can instruct medics on the proper measures to take.
The FREC-M has yet to be field-tested, the wire service says.
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Bill Clinton Special Visitor at Heart Center
The last time former President Bill Clinton was in the Westchester County, N.Y. Medical Center was last September for a test that literally changed his life.
Clinton, who had been complaining of shortness of breath and chest pain, was tested by Dr. Anthony Pucillo, who determined that he had severe artery blockage. Clinton, whose Chappaqua home is not far from the medical center, was rushed to Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia in New York City, where he had quadruple bypass surgery a few days later.
Clinton returned to the Westchester Medical Center Dec. 23 to dedicate a new cardiac catheterization unit run by Pucillo.
"I was really delighted to walk in here instead of coming in a wheelchair and I'm even more delighted to be able to walk out," the Associated Press quotes him as saying.
The wire service reports Pucillo as telling Clinton that the publicity about his illness "contributed to more awareness of the importance and value of diagnosis and treatment among the general public."
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