January 2018 Briefing - Hematology & Oncology

Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Hematology & Oncology for January 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.

In Situ Vaccine Uses Immune Response to Treat Cancer

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 31, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- In situ vaccination is an approach that can trigger an immune response in a manner that is specific to the tumor antigens to treat malignancy, according to a study published online Jan. 31 in Science Translational Medicine.

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Tisagenlecleucel Beneficial for Youth With Refractory B-Cell ALL

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 31, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- A single infusion of the anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, tisagenlecleucel, provides durable remission in pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), according to a study published in the Feb. 1 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Survival Trends for Cancer Generally Increasing Worldwide

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 31, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Worldwide, survival trends for cancer are generally increasing, although there is considerable global variation in survival rates, according to a study published online Jan. 30 in The Lancet.

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Mortality Impacted by Treatment Modality, Age in Early Lung CA

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 31, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with early non-small-cell lung cancer, mortality rates are higher after surgery versus stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), and the difference increases as a function of age, according to a study published online Jan. 18 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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Regulators Trying to Reduce Physician Burden Linked to EHR

MONDAY, Jan. 29, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- The Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC) is trying to address some of the issues relating to physician electronic health record (EHR) burden, partly with the appointment of Don Rucker, M.D., who is skilled in informatics and board-certified in emergency and internal medicine, according to an article published in Medical Economics.

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E-Cigarette Smoke Carcinogenic to Murine Lung, Bladder

MONDAY, Jan. 29, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) smoke causes damage to DNA and reduces repair activity in a mouse model and in human cells, according to a study published online Jan. 29 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

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Health Care Spending Up, Mainly Due to Rising Prices

MONDAY, Jan. 29, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Americans under age 65 years who were insured through their employer spent more than ever before on health care in 2016, with faster spending growth in 2016 than in recent years, according to the Health Care Cost Institute (HCCI)'s annual Health Care Cost and Utilization Report.

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MRI Diagnostic for Differentiating Low-Grade Bladder Cancers

MONDAY, Jan. 29, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is accurate in differentiating T1 or lower tumors from T2 or higher tumors among patients with bladder cancer, according to a review published in the February issue of Radiology.

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Smokers Have Distorted View of Onset of Adverse Consequences

FRIDAY, Jan. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Compared with nonsmokers, smokers believe the mild and severe adverse consequences of smoking will take a longer time to develop, according to a study published recently in the Journal of Cognitive Psychology.

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FDA Approves Lutathera for Some Gastro and Pancreatic Cancers

FRIDAY, Jan. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Lutathera (lutetium Lu 177 dotatate) is the first radioactive drug to be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat somatostatin receptor-positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs), the agency said Friday in a news release.

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Odds of Post-Op Mortality Increase As Weekend Approaches

FRIDAY, Jan. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Following elective surgery, the odds of mortality rise in a graded manner as the day of the week of surgery approaches the weekend, according to research published in the February issue of Medical Care.

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Diabetes Impacts Mortality in Breast Cancer Patients

FRIDAY, Jan. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Breast cancer-specific mortality remains higher among women with diabetes who have longer diabetes duration or preexisting cardiovascular disease, according to a study published online Jan. 19 in Diabetes Care.

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Lung Cancer Screening More Efficient for Those at Higher Risk

THURSDAY, Jan. 25, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Lung cancer screening (LCS) is more effective and efficient for high-risk individuals, according to a research letter published online Jan. 22 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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CV Risks, Breast CA Recurrence Down With Exercise in Survivors

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 24, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Supervised aerobic and resistance exercise may improve metabolic syndrome, sarcopenic obesity, and serum biomarkers in overweight and obese survivors of breast cancer, according to a study published online Jan. 22 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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Eyelid Squamous Cell Carcinoma Rate Increasing in England

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 24, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) affecting the eyelids is rising in England, according to a study published online Jan. 23 in the British Journal of Ophthalmology.

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Periodontitis in Older Adults Tied to Higher Total Cancer Risk

TUESDAY, Jan. 23, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Individuals with periodontitis have an increased total cancer risk, according to a study published online Jan. 12 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

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Diabetes Tied to Higher Rates of Serious Infection

TUESDAY, Jan. 23, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), are at increased risk of serious infection, according to a study published online Jan. 12 in Diabetes Care.

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Out-of-Pocket Expenditures Down With ACA Implementation

TUESDAY, Jan. 23, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was associated with reduced out-of-pocket spending, although increases were noted in mean premium spending, according to a study published online Jan. 22 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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Swallowable Device Can Test for DNA Markers of Barrett's

TUESDAY, Jan. 23, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- A swallowable balloon device has been developed to obtain samples from the lower esophagus -- samples which then undergo assay of combined CCNA1 and VIM DNA methylation to detect Barrett's esophagus metaplasia, according to a study published online Jan. 17 in Science Translational Medicine.

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Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking 15.5 Percent in 2016

TUESDAY, Jan. 23, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- The prevalence of cigarette smoking was 15.5 percent in 2016, which was not significantly different from the 15.1 percent prevalence in 2015, according to research published in the Jan. 19 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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Symptoms of Depression May Influence Head, Neck CA Mortality

MONDAY, Jan. 22, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Depressive symptoms at the time of treatment planning can predict overall two-year mortality in patients with head and neck cancer, according to a study published online Jan. 22 in Cancer.

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Breast Cancer Genetic Test Less Cost-Effective in Actual Practice

FRIDAY, Jan. 19, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- A gene expression profile test to predict risk of breast cancer recurrence is less cost-effective in real-world practice as compared to ideal conditions, according to a study published online Jan. 8 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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Blood Test Found to Detect Eight Common Cancer Types

FRIDAY, Jan. 19, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- A multi-analyte blood test, CancerSEEK, can detect eight common cancer types, with high sensitivity and specificity, according to a study published online Jan. 18 in Science.

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Alcohol Induced DNA Repair Genes Prognostic in Gastric Cancer

THURSDAY, Jan. 18, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with gastric cancer (GC), myeloperoxidase (MPO), transcription factor IIB-related factor 1 (BRF1), and breast cancer susceptibility genes 1 and 2 (BRCA1/2) induced by alcohol have prognostic value, according to a study published in the February issue of The American Journal of Pathology.

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Proinflammatory Diet Linked to Increased Colorectal Cancer Risk

THURSDAY, Jan. 18, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Proinflammatory diets are associated with increased colorectal cancer risk for men and women, according to a study published online Jan. 18 in JAMA Oncology.

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Screening Mammography Up After Cost Sharing Eliminated

THURSDAY, Jan. 18, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- The elimination of cost sharing for screening mammography is associated with increased rates of use of the service, according to a study published in the Jan. 18 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Professionals Disagree About Asking Patients About Sexuality

THURSDAY, Jan. 18, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- National Health Service (NHS) England recently recommended that professionals ask all patients their sexual orientation at every opportunity, although opinions are divided on whether this is appropriate, according to an article published online Jan. 17 in The BMJ.

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Mediterranean Diet May Lower Risk of Aggressive Prostate CA

THURSDAY, Jan. 18, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- High adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of aggressive prostate cancer, according to a study published in the February issue of The Journal of Urology.

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Adding HIPEC to Cytoreductive Surgery Beneficial in Ovarian CA

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 17, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- The addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to interval cytoreductive surgery is associated with improved outcomes in patients with stage III epithelial ovarian cancer, according to a study published in the Jan. 18 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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High Response of Desmoplastic Melanomas to PD-1 Blockade

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 17, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with desmoplastic melanoma have a high level of objective tumor response to treatment with antibodies to block programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or PD-1 ligand (PD-L1), according to a study published online Jan. 10 in Nature.

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Nearly 30 Percent of Veterans Report Current Tobacco Use

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 17, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Overall, 29.2 percent of veterans report current use of one of five tobacco products, according to research published in the Jan. 12 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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BRCA1 Promoter Methylation Tied to High-Grade Serous Ovarian CA

TUESDAY, Jan. 16, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Elevation in white blood cell BRCA1 promoter methylation is associated with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), according to a study published online Jan. 16 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

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Increased Risk of Thrombosis in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

TUESDAY, Jan. 16, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) have increased risk of arterial thrombosis and venous thrombosis across all age groups and MPN subtypes, according to a study published online Jan. 16 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

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FDA OKs Lynparza to Treat Breast Cancer With BRCA Mutation

FRIDAY, Jan. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Lynparza (olaparib) has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat metastatic breast cancer caused by a BRCA gene mutation.

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Non-Ventilator Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia Risk Affects All Ages

FRIDAY, Jan. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Non-ventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia (NV-HAP) is a significant burden in U.S. acute care hospitals and poses a risk to nonelderly, non-intensive unit (ICU) patients, according to research published in the January issue of the American Journal of Infection Control.

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Corynebacterium, Kingella Abundance Tied to HNSCC Risk

FRIDAY, Jan. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- The overall oral microbiome composition is not associated with the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but greater abundance of genera Corynebacterium and Kingella is associated with decreased HNSCC risk, according to a study published online Jan. 11 in JAMA Oncology.

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BRCA May Not Impact Survival in Young-Onset Breast Cancer

FRIDAY, Jan. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Survival appears to be similar for patients with young-onset breast cancer who carry a BRCA mutation and noncarriers, according to a study published online Jan. 11 in The Lancet Oncology.

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Hazard Score Can Estimate Age of Prostate Cancer Diagnosis

THURSDAY, Jan. 11, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- A hazard score calculated from 54 single nucleotide polymorphisms can predict age at diagnosis of aggressive prostate cancer (PCa), according to a study published online Jan. 10 in The BMJ.

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AMA Online Tools Address Systems-Level Physician Burnout

THURSDAY, Jan. 11, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Tools and resources have been developed to help address physician burnout at the systems level, which may affect more than half of doctors, according to a report published by the American Medical Association (AMA).

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Active Surveillance Feasible for Small, Low-Grade Bladder Cancer

THURSDAY, Jan. 11, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- For patients who present with small, low-grade pTa/pT1a recurrent papillary bladder tumors, active surveillance appears to be a reasonable strategy, according to a study published in the February issue of The Journal of Urology.

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Race, Education Level Predict CRT in Very Elderly With NSCLC

THURSDAY, Jan. 11, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- In patients aged 80 and older with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), overall survival is improved with concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CRT), but black race and lower-educated census tract are associated with not receiving care, according to a study published online Jan. 8 in Cancer.

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Economic Impact of Physicians Quantified for 2015

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 10, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Physicians have a large economic impact across the nation, creating an aggregate of $2.3 trillion of economic activity and supporting employment of nearly 12.6 million Americans, according to a report published by the American Medical Association.

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Barriers to Initial Chemo, Radiation for Small-Cell Lung CA

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 10, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- A considerable proportion of patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) do not receive chemotherapy or radiation therapy, according to a study published online Jan. 4 in JAMA Oncology.

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Screening, Therapy Effect Varies by Breast CA Molecular Subtype

TUESDAY, Jan. 9, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- The contributions of screening and treatment to decreases in breast cancer mortality vary by molecular subtype, according to a study published in the Jan. 9 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Long-Term Night Shift Work Linked to Cancer Risk in Women

TUESDAY, Jan. 9, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- There is a positive association between long-term night shift work and the risk of several common cancers for women, with evidence of a dose-response correlation, according to a study published online Jan. 8 in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.

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Intense End-of-Life Care Found to Be Less Likely for VA Patients

TUESDAY, Jan. 9, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Higher-intensity end-of-life care may be driven by financial incentives present in fee-for-service Medicare but not in the Veteran Affairs (VA) integrated system, according to a report published in the January issue of Health Affairs.

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Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Tied to Higher CVD Risk

MONDAY, Jan. 8, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- There is an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) among patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), especially those who undergo splenectomy, according to a study published online Jan. 3 in the Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis.

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TP53 Variants Linked to Childhood ALL, Poor Outcomes

MONDAY, Jan. 8, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- TP53 pathogenic variants are overrepresented in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and are associated with worse outcomes, according to a study published online Jan. 4 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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Physicians Frequently Continue to Work While Ill

FRIDAY, Jan. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Many physicians continue working and caring for patients while they are sick, according to an article published in Medical Economics.

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Hydrochlorothiazide May Up Basal, Squamous Cell Cancer Risk

FRIDAY, Jan. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Hydrochlorothiazide use is associated with an increased risk of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), with evidence of a dose-response relationship, according to a study published online Dec. 3 in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

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Cancer Death Rate Continuing to Decline in United States

FRIDAY, Jan. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- In both men and women in the United States, the cancer death rate declined by about 1.5 percent annually from 2006 to 2015, according to a study published online Jan. 4 in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians.

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Fluorouracil Tied to Reduced Surgery for Squamous Cell CA

FRIDAY, Jan. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Fluorouracil application can reduce the risk of surgery for squamous cell carcinoma for one year among patients with a history of keratinocyte carcinomas, according to a study published online Jan. 3 in JAMA Dermatology.

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For Hospitals, No Benefit for Early Adoption of Financial Incentives

FRIDAY, Jan. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Hospitals that volunteered to be under financial incentives for more than a decade as part of the Premier Hospital Quality Incentive Demonstration (early adopters) do not have better process scores or lower mortality than hospitals where these incentives were implemented later under the Hospital Value-Based Purchasing program (late adopters), according to a study published online Jan. 4 in The BMJ.

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Breast Implants Slightly Increase Risk of Breast ALCL

FRIDAY, Jan. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Breast implants are associated with an increased risk of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in the breast (breast-ALCL), though the absolute risk is small, according to a study published online Jan. 4 in JAMA Oncology.

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Certain Stresses, Burnout Causing Some Women to Leave Medicine

THURSDAY, Jan. 4, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Though equal numbers of men and women are now entering medical schools, the majority of physicians are still male, and female physicians face several unique stressors, according to a report published online in Medical Economics.

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Half of Gastric Cancer Patients Diagnosed From ER Visit

THURSDAY, Jan. 4, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Half of patients with gastric cancer (GC) are diagnosed as a result of an emergency department visit, which is independently associated with increased mortality, according to a study published recently in the American Journal of Surgery.

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Immune-Related Adverse Events Up With Checkpoint Inhibitors

THURSDAY, Jan. 4, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Although patients with pre-existing autoimmune disease who receive checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are at risk for exacerbation of their disease, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), or both, events can often be managed without discontinuing CPIs, according to a review published online Jan. 2 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

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Stem-Cell Transplantation Beneficial for Scleroderma

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 3, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with scleroderma, myeloablative CD34+ selected autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation is associated with lasting benefits, according to a study published in the Jan. 4 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Missed Opportunities to Screen for Lung CA With USPSTF Criteria

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 3, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Lung cancer screening based on U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) criteria decreased from 2010 to 2015, and risk-targeted screening is associated with modest gains in terms of early lung cancer mortality per person screened, according to two studies published online Jan. 2 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

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HSPC-Derived CAR T-Cells Capable of Lasting Engraftment

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 3, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC)-derived chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells are capable of long-term engraftment in a model of HIV/AIDS, according to a study published online Dec. 28 in PLOS Pathogens.

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Few Immuno-Oncology Agents Reach ASCO Efficacy Thresholds

WEDNESDAY, Jan. 3, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Few modern, U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved immuno-oncology agents have durable survival and response rates that are deemed significant by the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) value framework, according to a study published online Dec. 28 in JAMA Oncology.

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10 Percent of Heart Recipients Develop De Novo Malignancy

TUESDAY, Jan. 2, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- More than one in 10 adult heart transplant recipients develop de novo malignancy between one and five years after transplantation, and this is associated with increased mortality, according to a study published in the Jan. 2 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

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ACOG Advocates Cascade Testing for Hereditary Gene Mutations

TUESDAY, Jan. 2, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Obstetrician-gynecologists should be aware of who is eligible for cascade testing, use resources to ensure testing is offered, and know which options can help patients overcome potential barriers to testing, according to a Committee Opinion published online Dec. 21 in Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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Laser Improves QOL for Breast Telangiectasia Due to Radiation

TUESDAY, Jan. 2, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Laser monotherapy improves health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) in female patients with radiation-induced breast telangiectasias (RIBT), according to a study published online Dec. 20 in Lasers in Surgery and Medicine.

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Same-Day, Low-Dose Bowel Prep Feasible for Colonoscopy

TUESDAY, Jan. 2, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- A same-day, low-dose, 1-liter polyethylene glycol-based (1L-PEG) bowel preparation can achieve similar bowel cleansing to split-dose 4L-PEG bowel preparation in select high-risk patients before colonoscopy, according to a study published online Dec. 21 in the Journal of Digestive Diseases.

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Pharmaceutical Aids Not Found to Be Helpful for Smoking Cessation

TUESDAY, Jan. 2, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Pharmaceutical aids are not effective for increasing long-term smoking cessation, according to a study published online Dec. 21 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

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