WEDNESDAY, March 2, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) mRNA expression predicts metastasis in Class 1 uveal melanoma (UM), according to a study published in the March 1 issue of Clinical Cancer Research.
Matthew G. Field, from the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, and colleagues examined biomarkers of metastasis in Class 1 UM tumors. A prospectively validated 12-gene prognostic classifier was used to assign 389 consecutive patients with UM to Class 1 or Class 2. Sixty-four Class 1 tumors were analyzed for PRAME mRNA expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
The researchers found that the most significant predictor of metastasis among Class 1 UMs was PRAME mRNA expression (P = 0.0006). For Class 1PRAME−, Class 1PRAME+, and Class 2 tumors, the five-year actuarial rate of metastasis was 0, 38, and 71 percent, respectively. The median metastasis-free survival was 88 months for Class 1PRAME+ patients, compared with 32 months for Class 2 patients. Three independent datasets were used to validate the findings, including one using disomy 3 to identify low-risk UM. Gain of 1q, 6p, 8q, and 9q and loss of 6q and 11q were associated with Class 1PRAME+ tumors. PRAME expression correlated with larger tumor diameter and SF3B1 mutations (P = 0.05 and 0.003, respectively).
"This finding may further enhance the accuracy of prognostic testing and precision medicine for UM," the authors write.
One author is the inventor of intellectual property used in the study; he is also a paid consultant for Castle Biosciences, licensee of intellectual property presented in this article.
Abstract
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