Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Internal Medicine for August 2012. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
Advanced-Stage Cancer Patients Often Reluctant to Exercise
FRIDAY, Aug. 31 (HealthDay News) -- For individuals with advanced cancer, reluctance to participate in exercise may be due to symptoms, lack of specific guidance, and lack of recognition of the role of exercise in mitigating symptoms, according to a study published in the July issue of the Journal of Pain and Symptom Management.
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Factors Affecting Life Expectancy for Older Adults Studied
FRIDAY, Aug. 31 (HealthDay News) -- Even for adults aged 75 years and older, keeping up a healthy lifestyle, including physical activity and not smoking, is associated with increased life expectancy, according to a study published online Aug. 30 in BMJ.
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Kidney Stones Increase Risk of Adverse Kidney Outcomes
FRIDAY, Aug. 31 (HealthDay News) -- Kidney stones correlate with an increased risk of adverse kidney outcomes, including end-stage renal disease (ESRD), stage 3b to 5 chronic kidney disease, and sustained doubling of serum creatinine, but increases in absolute rates are small, according to a study published online Aug. 30 in BMJ.
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Even Normal Range Albuminuria Ups Cardiovascular Risk
FRIDAY, Aug. 31 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with type 2 diabetes with normal albumin levels, any degree of albuminuria is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, according to a study published online Aug. 30 in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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Effective Short-, Long-Term Weight-Loss Strategies Differ
FRIDAY, Aug. 31 (HealthDay News) -- In postmenopausal women, some weight-loss strategies that are successful for the short-term are not effective or sustainable for long-term weight loss, according to a study published in the September issue of the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
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Lower Prostate Cancer-Specific Death With Anticoagulant Use
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Anticoagulant (AC) therapy, particularly aspirin, is associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) among men treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT), according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
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Lung Cancer Risk Unaffected by Metformin Use in Diabetes
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with type 2 diabetes who take metformin do not have a reduced risk of lung cancer, in contrast to previous observational studies, according to a study published online Aug. 24 in Diabetes Care.
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Similar Rate of CV Events With Atenolol, Metoprolol Tartrate
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- There are no significant differences in the rates of incident myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, or stroke for patients with hypertension starting treatment with atenolol or metoprolol tartrate, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Cognitive Decline Worse for Women vs. Men in Alzheimer's
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Women with Alzheimer's disease consistently experience greater cognitive deterioration than men, according to results from a meta-analysis published Aug. 23 in the Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology.
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Novel Pathogenic Virus Identified in Missouri
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- A novel pathogenic virus dubbed the Heartland virus, which is a member of the phlebovirus genus, has been identified in two patients from Missouri, according to a report published in the Aug. 30 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Resistance to Second-Line TB Drugs Is Common Globally
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Nearly half of patients with tuberculosis in eight countries show resistance to at least one second-line drug, with previous treatment with second-line drugs strongly associated with resistance to these drugs and with extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis, according to a study published online Aug. 30 in The Lancet.
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Lacunar Stroke Outcomes No Better With Dual Antiplatelets
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Treating patients with recent lacunar strokes with dual antiplatelet therapy (clopidogrel plus aspirin) is not associated with a reduction in the risk of recurrent stroke, and correlates with significant increases in the risk of major hemorrhage and death, according to research published in the Aug. 30 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Eating Chocolate May Lower Stroke Risk for Men
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- In men, moderate chocolate consumption on a regular basis may lower the risk of any type of stroke by about 17 to 19 percent, according to research published online Aug. 29 in Neurology.
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No 30-Day Mortality Reduction With Intraaortic Balloon Pump
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction, for whom early revascularization strategy is planned, intraaortic balloon counterpulsation does not significantly lower 30-day mortality, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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High Midlife Fitness Levels Linked to Healthier Old Age
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- High midlife fitness levels are significantly associated with a lower risk of developing chronic conditions later in life, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Dual Effects Noted for Alcohol and Energy Drink Co-Ingestion
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Although consuming alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) increases alertness and may negate some intoxication-related sedation effects, it can lead to negative physiological and psychological side effects associated with overstimulation, according to a study published online Aug. 15 in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research.
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Subclinical Atherosclerosis Noted in Diffuse Scleroderma
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis (SSc), without any clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease, have indicators of subclinical atherosclerosis, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in Arthritis Care & Research.
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Long-Term Thrombosis Rates Similar for Drug-Eluting Stents
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Two types of drug-eluting stents with distinct antiproliferative properties have similar long-term rates of stent thrombosis and outcomes, including death and heart attack, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in The Lancet to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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Functional Flow Reserve CT Improves Diagnosis of CAD
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Noninvasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) computed from computed tomography (CT) (FFRCT) plus CT improves the diagnostic accuracy of coronary artery disease (CAD) compared with CT alone, according to a study published online Aug. 26 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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STEMI Mortality Down in France From 1995 to 2010
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) mortality declined in France from 1995 to 2010 due to greater use of reperfusion therapy and early admission and medications as well as changes in patient characteristics, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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Pharmacist-Led Intervention Benefits Knee Osteoarthritis
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Community-based pharmacists can initiate a coordinated care strategy to better identify knee osteoarthritis (OA) and improve function, pain, and quality of life, according to a study published online Aug. 28 in Arthritis Care & Research.
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Sleep Apnea Tied to Insulin Resistance in Young, Lean Men
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- In healthy, lean, young men, the presence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) correlates with insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia to maintain normal glucose levels, according to a study published online Aug. 21 in Diabetes Care.
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Gabapentin Efficacious for Refractory Chronic Cough
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with refractory chronic cough, treatment with gabapentin is associated with improved cough-specific quality of life and is well-tolerated, according to a study published online Aug. 28 in The Lancet.
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New Diagnostic Definition of Myocardial Infarction Issued
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- An updated universal definition of myocardial infarction (MI) includes detection of a rise and/or fall in cardiac biomarker values, preferably cardiac troponin (cTn), according to a statement published online Aug. 26 in Circulation to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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LABA Withdrawal Increases Asthma-Related Impairment
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with asthma controlled with a combination of an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and a long-acting β2-agonist (LABA), withdrawal of the LABA once asthma is controlled correlates with increased asthma-associated impairment, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Five CSF Markers Differentiate Dementia, Parkinsonism
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Levels of five different cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are able to improve differentiation between common dementia and parkinsonian disorders, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Archives of Neurology.
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New Class of Drugs Shows Promise for Heart Failure
TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- After 12 weeks of treatment, the first-in-class angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, LCZ696, lowers N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II to III heart failure and preserves left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) significantly more than valsartan, according to a study published online Aug. 26 in The Lancet to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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For Patients With Prior MI, Vorapaxar Cuts Cardiac Events
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- When added to standard antiplatelet treatment, including aspirin, the protease-activated receptor 1 inhibitor vorapaxar reduces the risk of a primary end point of cardiovascular (CV) death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke, for patients with a history of MI, according to a study published online Aug. 26 in The Lancet to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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Obesity Up With Transition to Information-Based Society
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- The transition toward an information/knowledge-based society has increased the worldwide prevalence of obesity, according to a report, Waistlines of the World: The Effect of Information and Communications Technology on Obesity, published online Aug. 21 by the Milken Institute.
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Mild Cognitive Decline in Nearly Half Lacunar Stroke Patients
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is present in nearly half of patients with lacunar stroke, according to a study published online Aug. 18 in the Annals of Neurology.
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Prasugrel, Clopidogrel Similar for Acute Coronary Syndromes
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with unstable angina or myocardial infarction without ST-segment elevation who do not undergo revascularization, intensified platelet inhibition with prasugrel does not reduce the frequency of the primary end point (death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or stroke) and has similar risks of bleeding as clopidogrel, according to a study published online Aug. 26 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with presentation at the annual European Society of Cardiology Congress, held from Aug. 25 to 29 in Munich.
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In Type 2 DM, Proteinuria With SBP <130 Ups CVD Mortality
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with type 2 diabetes, proteinuria, and systolic blood pressure (BP) <130 mm Hg are at an increased risk of total and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, suggesting that proteinuria should be taken into account when establishing target systolic BP levels for prevention of fatal CVD events, according to research published online Aug. 14 in the Journal of Internal Medicine.
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Stress Causes Lower INR in VTE Patients Not on Blood Thinners
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- The effect of psychological distress on clotting times and clotting factors varies in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and depends on whether or not they are receiving oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy, according to a Swiss study published in the August issue of the Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis.
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Claustrophobia Linked to Depression With Back Pain
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Claustrophobia is tied to higher rates of depression and psychological distress, but not disability, in back pain patients, according to a study published in the August issue of the Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques.
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Multidisciplinary Approach Cuts Symptoms of Fibromyalgia
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Multidisciplinary treatment adapted for women with low educational levels is superior to conventional pharmacotherapy in reducing key symptoms of fibromyalgia (FM), including sleep disturbances, catastrophizing, and psychological distress, according to research published online Aug. 16 in Arthritis Care & Research.
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Anorexics Overestimate Own Body Size, but Not That of Others
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) tend to overestimate the size of their body but not the bodies of others, basing their weight and body dimensions on their pre-AN body dimensions, according to research published online Aug. 22 in PLoS One.
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New Model Explains How Lungs Clear Foreign Matter
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Mucus in the lungs clears foreign matter by moving along a brush-like periciliary layer rather than a watery layer, which keeps it from sticking to the airway surface, according to a study published in the Aug. 24 issue of Science.
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Procedure Aids Severe, Rigid Scoliosis in Low-Weight Adults
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with severe and rigid scoliosis and low body weight, a two-stage vertebral column resection (VCR) procedure with posterior pedicle screw instrumentation can achieve good correction of scoliosis, according to a study published online Aug. 20 in The Spine Journal.
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In Diabetes, Gastric Emptying Remains Stable Over Time
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Gastric emptying of solids and liquids and gastrointestinal symptoms remain stable over time in patients with long-term type 1 and type 2 diabetes, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Diabetes Care.
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Muscle-Related Statin Effects Seem to Correlate With Potency
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- The rates of muscle-related adverse effects (AEs) differ greatly for various statins, with the highest reported rates seen for rosuvastatin, according to research published online Aug. 22 in PLoS One.
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Outcomes Similar With Partial, Whole Breast Irradiation
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) yields five-year clinical outcomes and patterns of failure similar to those achieved with whole breast irradiation (WBI), with excellent three-year survival for women who develop an ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR), according to a study published in the Sept. 1 issue of Cancer.
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Melanoma Risk Declines With Self-Exams Plus Doctor Visit
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Risk of deeper melanomas is reduced with self-examination of the skin one to 11 times a year, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in the British Journal of Dermatology.
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Sequencing Identifies Spread of Deadly Bacterial Outbreak
THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- A drug-resistant bacterial strain that caused a serious outbreak resulting in deaths has been traced back to the original patient, and transmission patterns have been identified based on sequencing the genomes of the bacterial isolates, according to research published in the Aug. 22 issue of Science Translational Medicine.
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Study Casts Doubts on Brain Regions for Self-Awareness
THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- The case of a self-aware man with extensive damage to brain regions thought to be critical for self-awareness suggests that a more diffuse brain network and other brain networks are involved, according to a study published online Aug. 22 in PLoS One.
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Neti Pots Linked to Deaths From Amebic Infection
THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Two patients who died of an amebic infection had no history of freshwater exposure but had ameba in their household plumbing and used a nasal irrigation device for sinus problems, according to a study published online Aug. 22 in Clinical Infectious Diseases.
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Mortality Rates Down for Adult Trauma Patients in Last Decade
THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- The mortality rate for adult patients admitted to trauma centers in Pennsylvania has declined over the past decade, according to research published in the August issue of the Archives of Surgery.
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Dual Action Antibody Reverses Menopausal Bone Loss
THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- An antibody can reverse bone loss in menopausal mice by both blocking bone breakdown and stimulating bone formation, according to an experimental study published online Aug. 20 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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Modifiable Risk Factors Key in Social Inequality of Diabetes
THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Modifiable risk factors, particularly health behaviors and body mass index (BMI), measured repeatedly over time, account for about half of the socioeconomic differential observed in type 2 diabetes, according to a study published online Aug. 21 in BMJ.
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New Decision Aid for Treatment of Herniated Disc Beneficial
THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- A new patient decision instrument meets the criteria of acceptability, reliability, and validity, and improves the quality of patient decision-making for treatment of a herniated disc, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of Spine.
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Nearly Half of U.S. Physicians Have Symptoms of Burnout
THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Nearly half of all U.S. physicians report at least one symptom of burnout, with family, internal, and emergency medicine specialists reporting the highest rates of burnout, according to research published online Aug. 20 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Psychological Consequences Up for Spouses of MI Victims
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Spouses of individuals who have a sudden heart attack are more likely to experience depression, anxiety, and suicide, even if the individual survives, than spouses of those who experience other illnesses, according to a study published online Aug. 21 in the European Heart Journal.
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Tattoo Ink Found to Be Source of M. Chelonae Outbreak
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Premixed tattoo ink has been found to be the source of an outbreak of Mycobacterium chelonae in 19 patients in Rochester, N.Y., according to a study published online Aug. 22 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
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De Novo Mutation Rate Higher in Children of Older Fathers
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Children of older fathers have a higher rate of new mutations, which may affect the risk of diseases such as autism and schizophrenia, according to a study published in the Aug. 23 issue of Nature.
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Opportunistic Infections Associated With Antibodies to IFN
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Neutralizing anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies are detected in most Asian adults with multiple opportunistic infections, according to a study published in the Aug. 23 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Bariatric Surgery Cuts Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Obese
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Bariatric surgery is very effective in reducing the long-term incidence of type 2 diabetes in obese individuals, according to a study published in the Aug. 23 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Low Back Pain Outcomes Not Improved by Early Imaging
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- For workers with low back pain, early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not associated with better health outcomes at one year, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of Spine.
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Lower MI Risk With TNF Inhibitor Therapy for Psoriasis
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with psoriasis who are treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors have a significantly lower risk and incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) compared with those who are treated with topical agents, according to a study published online Aug. 20 in the Archives of Dermatology.
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Mindfulness Stress Reduction Reduces Loneliness in Elderly
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- An eight-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program reduces loneliness compared with a wait-list control, and also reduces pro-inflammatory gene expression in older adults, according to a study published online July 20 in Brain, Behavior, and Immunity.
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Low HDL Cholesterol Ups Risk of Diabetic Nephropathy
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is an independent risk factor for the development of diabetic nephropathy, but not retinopathy, in patients with type 2 diabetes, according to research published online Aug. 13 in Diabetes Care.
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At-Home Diode Laser Effective for Permanent Hair Reduction
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Eight treatments with a home-use diode laser provide effective and safe permanent hair reduction one year after the last treatment, according to research published in the September issue of Lasers in Surgery and Medicine.
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T Cells Key in Atherosclerosis-Linked Inflammation
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- In a mouse model of atherosclerosis, CD4+ T cells interact with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the presence of cognate antigen, leading to cell activation and proliferation and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, according to an experimental study published online Aug. 13 in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.
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Meta-Analysis Links Statins to Reduced Pancreatitis Risk
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with normal or mildly elevated triglyceride levels, statin therapy correlates with a reduction in the risk of pancreatitis, according to a meta-analysis published in the Aug. 22/29 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Drug-Eluting Stents Lead to Fewer Adverse Cardiac Events
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Among ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, the use of biolimus-eluting stents with biodegradable polymer results in a lower rate of major adverse cardiac events, compared with patients with bare-metal stents, at one year following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), according to a study published in the Aug. 22/29 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Novel Risk Markers Improve Prediction of Heart Disease
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- The addition of certain novel risk markers can improve risk prediction for incident coronary heart disease (CHD) or cardiovascular disease (CVD) above that of the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in intermediate-risk individuals; while the addition of the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) offers limited improvement in risk prediction for first-time myocardial infarction or stroke, above that of the FRS, according to two studies published in the Aug. 22/29 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Evidence-Based Public Health Interventions Identified
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Evidence-based public health interventions to improve dietary habits, increase physical activity, and reduce tobacco use are identified in an American Heart Association scientific statement published online Aug. 20 in Circulation.
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BMI, Post-Exercise Knee Laxity Change Tied to OA Progression
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee, changes in knee joint laxity during stair climbing or other repetitive physical activity and baseline body mass index (BMI) are associated with disease progression, according to a study published online Aug. 8 in Arthritis & Rheumatism.
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Prior Substance Abuse Linked to Opioid Abuse in Young Men
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Any prior substance abuse is associated with current abuse of prescription opioids among 18- to 25-year-old men, but only previous marijuana use correlates with subsequent prescription opioid abuse in young women, according to a study published online Aug. 21 in the Journal of Adolescent Health.
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Study Identifies Sleep Apnea in 50 Percent of Women
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Half of adult women aged 20 to 70 years may have obstructive sleep apnea, which correlates with age, obesity, and hypertension, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in the European Respiratory Journal.
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Factors Tied to Photoprotection ID'd for Organ Recipients
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- For organ transplant recipients, patients factors, including sex and skin type, and receipt of advice from health care providers, are both associated with sun protective behaviors, according to a study published online Aug. 9 in the British Journal of Dermatology.
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Family Hx of Early Death Ups Risk of Early Cardiac Disease
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- The risk of early cardiovascular disease in patients younger than 50 years of age is significantly and consistently increased for those with a family history of premature cardiovascular death, according to a study published in the Aug. 28 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Resting Heart Rate Predicts Overall, Cardiovascular Mortality
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- High resting heart rates seem to be predictive of increased risk for overall and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and shorter survival times, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.
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Brain Damage Linked to Believing Misleading Ads
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- Damage to a particular region of the brain makes individuals more likely to believe a misleading advertisement, which could explain why some elderly fall for fraud schemes, according to a study published online July 9 in Frontiers in Decision Neuroscience.
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Increased Stroke Risk at 30-Days Post-CABG Versus PCI
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- The risk of stroke at 30 days is significantly higher in patients who undergo coronary revascularization with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery compared to those who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), according to research published in the Aug. 28 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Post-Polyp Detection, CRC Risk ID'd by Colonoscopy Factors
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- In the community setting, after colonoscopic polyp detection, colonoscopy-related factors such as incomplete polyp removal and lack of surveillance colonoscopies are more important than polyp characteristics in predicting subsequent colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, according to a study published in the Aug. 21 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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2012 Indicators of Well-Being for Older Americans Issued
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- The estimates of selected indicators for well-being for older Americans for 2012 have been released by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics.
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Obesity Plus Metabolic Factors Speeds Up Cognitive Decline
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- For individuals who are metabolically abnormal, increasing body mass index (BMI) correlates with faster cognitive decline, according to a study published in the Aug. 21 issue of Neurology.
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Yo-Yo Dieters Still Benefit From Weight Loss Efforts
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- Yo-yo dieting does not negatively affect participation in lifestyle intervention or the benefits of diet and exercise, according to a study published online Aug. 14 in Metabolism -- Clinical and Experimental.
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Prevalence of TB, Hepatitis C, HIV High Among Homeless
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- The global prevalence of tuberculosis, hepatitis C virus infection, and HIV is high among homeless people, although significant heterogeneity is seen in prevalence estimates, according to a study published online Aug. 20 in The Lancet Infectious Diseases.
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Azithromycin Treats Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis with at least one exacerbation in the past year, treatment with the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin correlates with a reduced rate of event-based exacerbations, according to a study published in the Aug. 18 issue of The Lancet, a theme issue on respiratory medicine.
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Karate Black Belts Have Differences in Brain Structure
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- Black belts in karate have differences in white matter brain structure that are associated with their voluntary control of movement, according to a study published online Aug. 14 in Cerebral Cortex.
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Study Shows 'SuperAgers' Have Thicker Cortex, No Atrophy
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- 'SuperAgers,' individuals over the age of 80 with episodic memory performance as good as normative values for 50- to 65-year-olds, do exist, and they have a thicker cerebral cortex, with no atrophy, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society.
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Men at Greater Lifetime Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- The lifetime risk of developing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is higher for men than women, at all ages and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) strata, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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Study Links Eating Egg Yolks With Carotid Plaque Area
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Eating three or more egg yolks, which are high in cholesterol, per week may increase the rate of carotid plaque area build-up, according to a study published online Aug. 10 in Atherosclerosis.
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Urinary BPA Increased in Severe Coronary Artery Disease
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure, as measured by urinary BPA (uBPA) concentrations, is higher in individuals with severe coronary artery disease (CAD) compared to those with no vessel disease, according to a study published online Aug. 15 in PLoS One.
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Ecallantide Efficacious for Hereditary Angioedema Attacks
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with unpredictable and recurring attacks of acute hereditary angioedema (HAE) may be effectively treated with ecallantide, with relapse occurring in a small proportion of patients and little evidence of rebound, according to a study published in the September issue of Allergy.
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Mepolizumab Effective in Treating Eosinophilic Asthma
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with severe eosinophilic asthma, treatment with mepolizumab, a monoclonal antibody against interleukin 5, is effective at reducing clinically significant exacerbations, according to a study published in the Aug. 18 issue of The Lancet, a theme issue on respiratory medicine.
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Good Transplant Outcomes in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Post-heart transplant survival does not differ significantly between patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) and those with other types of heart disease, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.
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Study Finds Tobacco Use High in Developing Countries
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Despite global tobacco control efforts, in low- and middle-income countries, nearly half of men use tobacco, women are starting to smoke at earlier ages, and quit ratios are low, according to a study published in the Aug. 18 issue of The Lancet, a theme issue on respiratory medicine.
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Delayed Gratification at Age 4 Predictive of BMI in Adulthood
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Delayed gratification among preschoolers can predict body mass index (BMI) about 30 years later, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in The Journal of Pediatrics.
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Even Minor Changes in Physical Activity Improve Bone Health
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- For premenopausal women, physical activity correlates with decreased sclerostin, increased serum insulin-like growth factor-I (s-IGF-I), and increased bone formation markers, according to a study published online Aug. 3 in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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Vancomycin Overprescribed in Bloodstream MSSA Infections
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- In U.S. dialysis centers treating end-stage renal (ESRD) patients with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia, vancomycin is overprescribed, despite evidence of lower rates of hospitalization and death in cefazolin-treated patients, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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Autoantibodies Predict Severity of IgA Nephropathy
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Serum levels of autoantibodies to immunoglobulin G (IgG) and A (IgA) and the modified galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1), seen in IgA nephropathy (IgAN), are strongly associated with disease progression, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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Olive Oil Consumption Linked to Increased Serum Osteocalcin
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Consumption of olive oil in addition to a Mediterranean diet correlates with increased osteocalcin levels and improvements in bone formation markers in elderly men at high cardiovascular risk, according to a study published online Aug. 1 in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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Small-Molecule Inhibitor Has Potential As Male Contraceptive
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- In mice, a selective, small-molecule inhibitor, JQ1, which targets the testis-specific member of the bromodomain and extraterminal subfamily of epigenetic reader proteins, BRDT, can cross the blood:testis barrier and cause complete and reversible contraception in mice, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in Cell.
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Post-Intracerebral Bleed, BP Control Poorer for Blacks
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Blood pressure (BP) control is poor at 30 days and one year after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), particularly among black patients, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in Stroke.
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Exenatide Has Hemodynamic Effects in Healthy Men
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- The glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, exenatide, used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, has significant acute hemodynamic effects on healthy volunteers, according to a study published in the September issue of the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.
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Chemo for Breast Cancer Acceptable During Pregnancy
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- For women diagnosed with early breast cancer during pregnancy, chemotherapy seems acceptable for both mother and infant, with most adverse effects relating to premature birth, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in The Lancet Oncology.
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Computer-Based Obesity Tx Programs Show Promise
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Interactive computer-based weight loss and weight maintenance interventions are more effective than no or minimal interventions, but are less effective than in-person treatment, according to a systematic review published online Aug. 15 in The Cochrane Library.
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Catastrophizing Doesn't Predict Low Back Pain Evolution
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- For adult patients with acute or chronic low back pain (LBP), assessing the baseline score for catastrophizing does not help clinicians in routine clinical practice predict the evolution of LBP or the patient's disability at three months, according to a study published online July 23 in The Spine Journal.
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Ten New Susceptibility Loci Identified for Type 2 Diabetes
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Using a new DNA chip, the Metabochip, which includes 196,725 variants, to identify nominal associations for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other metabolic and cardiovascular traits, 10 novel loci have been identified for T2D, according to research published online Aug. 12 in Nature Genetics.
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Guidelines Updated for Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- A task force of The Endocrine Society has reviewed the evidence and updated guidelines for the management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and the postpartum period, according to an article published in the Aug. 1 issue of the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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Brain's 'Glymphatic' System Clears Interstitial Solutes
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Similar to the lymphatic system, the brain also contains a newly discovered system to drain waste, dubbed the "glymphatic" system, which may clear proteins implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of Science Translational Medicine.
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Vitreolytic Ocriplasmin Resolves Vitreomacular Traction
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Intravitreal injection of the vitreolytic agent ocriplasmin resolves vitreomacular traction and closes macular holes significantly better than placebo, but with a higher incidence of adverse events, according to a study published in the Aug. 16 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Chronic Kidney Disease Increases Stroke Risk in A-Fib
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with atrial fibrillation who have chronic kidney disease are at higher risk of stroke or systemic thromboembolism and bleeding, according to a study published in the Aug. 16 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Benefit of PSA Reduced by Loss of Quality-Adjusted Life-Years
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Although the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) has reported a 29 percent reduction in prostate-cancer mortality for men who undergo prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, the benefit is attenuated by loss of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) due to post-diagnosis effects, according to a study published in the Aug. 16 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Tofacitinib Benefits Patients With Active Ulcerative Colitis
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Tofacitinib, an oral inhibitor of Janus kinas 1, 2, and 3, can reduce disease severity and induce remission better than a placebo in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis, according to a study published in the Aug. 16 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Familial Dementia Risk Linked to C-Reactive Protein Levels
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- The relatives of cognitively intact elderly men with high levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), have a reduced risk of dementia, according to a study published online Aug. 15 in Neurology.
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2008 to 2010 U.K. Recession Linked to Excess Suicides
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- The rise in suicides in the United Kingdom during the 2008 to 2010 recession is likely partially associated with the increase in unemployment, according to a study published online Aug. 14 in BMJ.
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One-Hour Algorithm Safe for Rule-Out/Rule-In of Acute MI
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- An algorithm using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-CTnT) levels at baseline and after one hour can be used to successfully rule out or accurately diagnose acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the majority of patients who present with acute chest pain, according to research published online Aug. 13 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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ABO Blood Group Correlated With Coronary Heart Disease
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- There is a significantly elevated risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD) among individuals with blood group A, B, or AB compared with those with blood group O, according to a study published online Aug. 14 in Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology.
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Hospital Deaths From Head Trauma Higher on Weekends
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Older adults admitted for substantial head trauma during a weekend have a significantly increased mortality risk compared to those admitted on a weekday, according to a study published online July 9 in the Journal of Surgical Research.
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Long-Term Type 2 Diabetes Ups Pancreatic Cancer Mortality
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Among patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC), those with pre-existing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for longer than five years have an increased mortality risk, according to a study published online Aug. 1 in Cancer.
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Cognitive-Behavioral Couple Therapy Reduces PTSD Severity
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- For posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), cognitive-behavioral conjoint therapy reduces symptom severity and increases intimate relationship satisfaction; and Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure (COPE) combined with usual treatment for substance dependence reduces PTSD symptom severity, according to two studies published the Aug. 15 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Post-Meltdown, Psychological Distress Up Among Workers
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- The March 11, 2011, earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan, triggering the subsequent meltdown of nuclear reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, correlated with an increase in the levels of psychological distress of power plant workers; but, six months to one year later, radiation exposure among individuals in a neighboring community was low, according to two letters to the editor published in the Aug. 15 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Kidney Donors, Recipients Have Little Difference in Income
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- The median income differences between living kidney donors and transplant recipients in the United States are negligible, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in the American Journal of Transplantation.
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Universal Domestic Violence Screening Not Beneficial
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Screening for partner violence at the primary care level does not improve women's health or quality of life, or reduce further partner violence, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Denosumab Better for Breast Cancer With Bone Metastases
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- In women with advanced breast cancer and bone metastases, denosumab is better than zoledronic acid in preventing skeletal complications and improving health-related quality of life, according to a study published online Aug. 14 in Clinical Cancer Research.
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Benefits Unclear for 1st Versus 2nd Generation Antipsychotics
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- There is insufficient evidence to draw conclusions regarding the benefits of first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) versus second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) for adults with schizophrenia, according to a study published online Aug. 14 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Genetic Features Identified in Tourette's Syndrome, OCD
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Specific genetic variants and features may be factors for Tourette's syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), according to two genome-wide association studies (GWASs) published online Aug. 14 in Molecular Psychiatry.
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Cocoa Flavanols May Improve Cognitive Function in Elderly
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Regular consumption of cocoa flavanols may be associated with improved cognitive functioning in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Hypertension.
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Poor Follow-Up of Hospital Tests Often Due to Late Orders
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Poor follow-up of test results at or after discharge from the hospital is often due to tests requested on the day of discharge, according to a letter to the editor published online Aug. 13 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Vandetanib Slows Progression of Advanced Thyroid Cancer
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- The tyrosine kinase inhibitor vandetanib is associated with longer progression-free survival (PFS) compared with placebo for patients with locally advanced or metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma, according to a study published online Aug. 14 in The Lancet Oncology.
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Staph Superantigen Induces Lupus-Like Features in Mice
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Chronic exposure to superantigen (SAg)-producing Staphylococcus aureus can induce systemic inflammatory disease symptoms in mice, with features similar to those of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), according to a study published online July 13 in The Journal of Immunology.
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Supplement Doses Inadequate for Androgen Deprivation Therapy
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Currently recommended calcium and vitamin D supplementation doses are inadequate to prevent bone mineral density (BMD) loss in men undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer, according to a study published online July 25 in The Oncologist.
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Regular Exercise in Middle Age Lowers Inflammatory Markers
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Middle-aged adults who have regularly engaged in physical activity for more than a decade appear to benefit from lower markers of inflammation, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Circulation.
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Risk of Liver Injury Up With Certain Fluoroquinolones
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Moxifloxacin and levofloxacin use correlates with an increased risk of acute liver injury in older patients without a history of liver disease, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in CMAJ, the journal of the Canadian Medical Association.
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Periodontal Disease More Likely in Rheumatoid Arthritis
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Periodontal disease (PD) is significantly more likely among nonsmoking, treatment-naive patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) than among healthy controls, according to research published online Aug. 8 in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases.
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Prevalence, Risk of Thyroid Disease Up in Vitiligo Patients
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Both the prevalence and the risk of thyroid diseases are significantly higher among patients with vitiligo compared to those without the condition, according to a study published online Aug. 3 in the British Journal of Dermatology.
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Genetic Factors Identified in Female Sexual Dysfunction
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- At least two genetic factors are involved in female sexual disorder (FSD) symptomatology in addition to non-shared environmental effects, according to the results of a twin study published online Aug. 2 in The Journal of Sexual Medicine.
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Radiation Prevents Mastectomy Post-Conservative Op in Elderly
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Following conservative surgery (CS), receipt of radiation therapy (RT) is associated with a decreased likelihood of subsequent mastectomy for most women aged 70 to 79 years with early breast cancer, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Cancer.
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Urinary Proteomics Aids Early ID of Diabetic Nephropathy
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- A biomarker classifier in urine can allow early detection of progression to diabetic nephropathy years before onset of macroalbuminuria, according to a study published online Aug. 7 in Diabetes.
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Cataract Risk Up for Statin Users With Type 2 Diabetes
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Statin use, which is substantially higher in patients with type 2 diabetes, correlates with an increased risk of age-related (AR) cataracts, according to a study published in the August issue of Optometry and Vision Science.
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Aspirin Use Again Linked to Slightly Lower Cancer Mortality
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Daily aspirin use is associated with lower overall cancer mortality, but the association may be smaller than previously reported, according to a study published online Aug. 10 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
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Device Reduces Epileptic Seizure Duration in Rats
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- A device that applies electrical stimulation to the brain in response to a seizure considerably reduces seizure length in a rat model of epilepsy, according to a study published in the Aug. 10 issue of Science.
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Phone Intervention Cost-Effective for Glycemic Control
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- The incremental per capita costs of a telephone-based intervention that moderately improves glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes are modest, according to a study published online July 30 in Diabetes Care.
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PSA Change After 5α Reductase Therapy Aids Cancer Diagnosis
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- The magnitude of change in serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) after 5α-reductase inhibitor therapy may help diagnose prostate cancer in men with persistently increased serum PSA and previously negative biopsies, according to a study published in the September issue of The Journal of Urology.
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Self-Perceived Overweight in Teens Impacts Weight Gain
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- Self-perceived overweight in normal-weight adolescents correlates with increased weight gain in early adulthood, according to a study published in the August issue of the Journal of Obesity.
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Life Expectancy Has Improved With Childhood Type 1 Diabetes
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- For children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, life expectancy has increased, with about a 15-year improvement seen from a 1950-1964 subcohort to a 1965-1980 subcohort, according to a study published online July 30 in Diabetes.
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Statin Benefits Outweigh Risk of Developing Diabetes
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- Statins increase the risk of developing diabetes, but only in individuals already at risk of the disease, and the benefits of statins in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and death outweigh the risks, according to a study published in the Aug. 11 issue of The Lancet.
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Reasons for Discontinuation Vary by Psoriasis Treatment
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- The reasons for discontinuation of commonly used treatments for psoriasis vary by treatment, according to a study published online July 30 in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.
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Underinsurance Tied to Higher Death Risk After Cardio Events
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- Being underinsured correlates with increased mortality after acute cardiovascular events, while race is not associated with increased mortality, according to a study published online July 21 in the Journal of General Internal Medicine.
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CDC Issues Revised Guidelines for Gonorrhea Treatment
THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Oral cefixime should no longer be considered the treatment of choice for gonorrhea; instead, patients should be treated with injectable ceftriaxone in combination with an oral antibiotic, azithromycin or doxycycline, according to revised guidelines published in the Aug. 10 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report.
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Psyllium Reduces Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors
THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Consumption of the fiber supplement psyllium correlates with reductions in risk factors for metabolic syndrome, according to a study published online Aug. 5 in Obesity Reviews.
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CDC: Increase in Prevalence of Walking in the United States
THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- The prevalence of walking (defined as walking for leisure or transportation in at least one bout of 10 minutes or more in the last week) increased in the United States from 2005 to 2010, with an increased likelihood of meeting the aerobic physical activity guideline noted for walkers, according to a study published in the Aug. 7 early-release issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity & Mortality Weekly.
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No Increased Risk of Stroke After Spinal Fusion Surgery
THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- In the three years following spinal fusion surgery, the incidence of stroke is similar to or insignificantly lower than that of controls, according to a study published in the June issue of The Spine Journal.
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Vaccine Transiently Modifies Autoimmunity in Diabetes
THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- A tuberculosis vaccine can reduce autoimmunity and increase insulin production in patients with long-term type 1 diabetes, according to a study published online Aug. 8 in PLoS One.
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Caloric Restriction Restores Glucose Response in Diabetes
THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Neuronal responsiveness of the hypothalamus to glucose, critical in the regulation of feeding, can be restored in patients with type 2 diabetes by short-term caloric restriction, according to a study published online July 30 in Diabetes.
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Similar Mortality With Different TNF-α Inhibitor Therapies in RA
THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with rheumatoid arthritis there are no significant differences in the overall mortality risk with different tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor (TNFi) therapies (adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab), according to a study published online Aug. 8 in Arthritis & Rheumatism.
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Multifactorial Mechanisms Underlie Leg Weakness in Hip OA
THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Multiple factors contribute to leg weakness in people with hip osteoarthritis (OA), with muscle atrophy being the strongest contributor, according to the results of a systematic review published online July 25 in Arthritis Care & Research.
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Tofacitinib Superior to Placebo for Rheumatoid Arthritis
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 8 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with rheumatoid arthritis, a novel oral Janus kinase inhibitor, tofacitinib, is associated with reduced symptoms when used as monotherapy or in addition to background methotrexate, according to two phase 3 studies published in the Aug. 9 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Overcrowding Up in Hospitals With Large Minority Population
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 8 (HealthDay News) -- California hospitals serving large minority populations are more likely to be overcrowded and to divert ambulances, according to research published in the August issue of Health Affairs.
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Mortality Up for Normal-Weight Adults With Incident Diabetes
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Normal-weight adults who are diagnosed with new-onset diabetes have an increased mortality risk, compared with overweight/obese adults, according to a study published in the Aug. 8 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Oral Corticosteroids Deemed Ineffective for Rhinosinusitis
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Systemic corticosteroids are not effective for symptom control in patients with acute rhinosinusitis, according to a study published online Aug. 7 in CMAJ, the journal of the Canadian Medical Association.
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Limitations ID'd in Women's Breast Health in Pakistan
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Women in Pakistan need more awareness about breast health and access to early detection, and there is marked inconsistency among general practitioners (GPs) with respect to screening practices, work-up, and management, according to a study published in the August issue of the Journal of the American College of Radiology.
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Weight Training Lowers Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in U.S. Men
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Weight training or aerobic exercise independently lowers the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); and for those with diabetes, physical activity (PA) correlates with a lower mortality risk, according to two studies published online Aug. 6 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Photosensitizing Antihypertensive Meds Up Risk of Lip Cancer
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- For non-Hispanic whites, long-term treatment with photosensitizing antihypertensive agents correlates with an increased likelihood of lip cancer, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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No Increase in Preterm Delivery With Ramadan Fasting
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Pregnant women who fast during the month of Ramadan do not have an increased risk of preterm delivery, regardless of when during gestation the fasting occurs, according to research published online July 25 in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
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Donor Obesity Ups Risk of Poor Pediatric Transplant Outcome
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Severe obesity, but not overweight, in adult donors is a risk factor for graft loss and mortality in pediatric liver transplant recipients, according to a study published in the August issue of Liver Transplantation.
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Skin Intrinsic Fluorescence Tied to Coronary Artery Disease
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Skin intrinsic fluorescence (SIF) is significantly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) in middle-aged adults with a long duration of type 1 diabetes, according to a study published online July 30 in Diabetes Care.
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Infection Risk Up for Seniors With Rheumatoid Arthritis
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Elderly adults with rheumatoid arthritis have a considerable risk of serious infection, with antirheumatic drug use increasing the risk, according to a study published online July 25 in Arthritis Care & Research.
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Implantable Defibrillators Cut Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests
MONDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- The use of implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICDs) has been responsible for about one-third of the reduction in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) having ventricular fibrillation (VF) as the initial recorded rhythm, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in Circulation.
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Unsuspected PE Does Not Up Mortality Risk in Cancer Patients
MONDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- Cancer patients with an unsuspected pulmonary embolism (UPE) do not have an increased mortality risk and have a similar risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) to those with clinically suspected pulmonary embolism (PE), according to research published online July 27 in the Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis.
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Celiac Disease Prevalence Is Less Than 1 Percent in the U.S.
MONDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- The prevalence of celiac disease in the United States is 0.71 percent, according to research published online July 31 in the American Journal of Gastroenterology.
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Larger Waist Linked to Worse Voiding Function in Men
FRIDAY, Aug. 3 (HealthDay News) -- Central obesity, as measured by waist circumference (WC), is associated with worse voiding, and men with a higher WC may be at increased risk of male pelvic dysfunction, according to a study published in the August issue of BJU International.
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Thigh Muscle Density Linked to Physical Functioning in RA
FRIDAY, Aug. 3 (HealthDay News) -- Thigh muscle density (TMD), as derived from computed tomography (CT), appears to be a strong indicator of physical functioning and disability in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, according to a study published in the August issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism.
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Almost Half of U.S. Adults Have at Least One CVD Risk Factor
FRIDAY, Aug. 3 (HealthDay News) -- In 2009 to 2010, almost half of U.S. adults age 20 or older had at least one of three major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), according to an August data brief issued by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
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Alzheimer's Cognitive Decline Slows in Advanced Age
FRIDAY, Aug. 3 (HealthDay News) -- The rates of cognitive decline and atrophy characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) decrease with advancing age, while cognitively healthy individuals show increased rates, according to a study published online Aug. 2 in PLoS One.
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Epicardial Fat Tissue Thickness Predicts Coronary Artery Disease
FRIDAY, Aug. 3 (HealthDay News) -- Asymptomatic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have significantly more epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) than those without CAD, with an average EAT thickness of 2.4 mm or higher predictive of significant CAD, according to a study published online in the August issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.
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Depression May Affect Survival in Metastatic Renal Cancer
FRIDAY, Aug. 3 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), depressive symptoms may be a predictor of survival, with potential links to cortisol dysregulation and expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-metastatic genes, according to a study published online Aug. 1 in PLoS One.
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Spray-Based Therapy Promising for Chronic Venous Leg Ulcers
FRIDAY, Aug. 3 (HealthDay News) -- A spray-based therapy containing growth-arrested allogeneic neonatal keratinocytes and fibroblasts, HP802-247, is associated with a reduction in the wound area of chronic venous leg ulcers, according to a phase 2 study published online Aug. 3 in The Lancet.
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Smokers Substituting Cigars, Loose Tobacco for Cigarettes
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- The popularity of cigarette smoking in the United States continues to decline, but it appears many smokers are turning to less heavily taxed cigars and loose tobacco, according to a report published in the Aug. 3 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report.
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Clinicians Can Unintentionally Prompt Nocebo Effect
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- The nocebo effect, or induction of a symptom perceived as negative by sham treatment and/or the suggestion of negative expectation, may arise from suggestions by doctors and nurses, according to a study published in Deutsches Ärzteblatt International.
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Exercise, Drugs Compared for Depression Tx in CHD Patients
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with coronary heart disease, aerobic exercise and the antidepressant sertraline are both associated with reduced depressive symptoms when compared to placebo, and they both tend to improve heart rate variability, according to a study published online Aug. 1 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Childhood Sexual, Physical Abuse Tied to Age at Menarche
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- Childhood sexual and physical abuse correlate with age at menarche, according to a study published online July 26 in the Journal of Adolescent Health.
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Multiple Factors Motivate No Reperfusion in STEMI
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- For patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the decision for no reperfusion is usually multifactorial, with the most common factor being advanced age, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.
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Hypertension Ups Retinopathy Risk With HCV Treatment
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) treated with pegylated interferon alpha (PegIFNα) and ribavirin, retinopathy occurs frequently, especially in those with hypertension, according to a study published in the August issue of Hepatology.
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Low Vitamin D, Frailty Impact Mortality Risk in Elderly
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- Adults over the age of 60 years with low vitamin D levels are more likely to be frail, and the combined effect of low vitamin D levels and frailty significantly increases the risk of mortality, according to a study published online June 13 in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
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Men With Prostate Cancer Increasingly Don't Die From It
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Men diagnosed with prostate cancer are more likely to die from other conditions, including heart disease, than from prostate cancer, according to a study published online July 25 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
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Caffeine Has Positive Effect on Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Caffeine has a limited effect on excessive daytime somnolence in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), but is associated with an improvement in objective motor measures, according to a study published online Aug. 1 in Neurology.
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Ongoing Musical Activity Preserves Cognitive Function
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Musical activity predicts variation in cognitive aging, according to a study published online July 19 in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.
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Psychological Distress Linked to Increased Mortality
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- There is a dose-response association for psychological distress and the risk of several causes of mortality, with increased mortality seen even at lower levels of distress, according to a meta-analysis published July 31 in BMJ.
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Exercise Linked to Less Depression in Heart Failure
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with heart failure, exercise training is associated with a modest reduction in depression symptoms, according to a study published in the Aug. 1 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Brain Connectivity Altered in Type 2 Diabetes
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have reduced functional connectivity in the default mode network, which is associated with insulin resistance in some brain regions, according to a study published online July 26 in Diabetes.
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