Red Wine at Dinner May Reduce Cardiometabolic Risk in T2DM

Findings in patients with controlled diabetes adding alcohol nightly to Mediterranean diet
woman drinking red wine
woman drinking red wine

TUESDAY, Oct. 13, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Moderate red wine intake is safe and modestly decreases cardiometabolic risk among patients with well-controlled diabetes following the Mediterranean diet, according to a study published online Oct. 12 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

Yftach Gepner, M.P.H., from Ben-Gurion University in Israel, and colleagues randomly assigned patients 150 milliliters of mineral water, white wine, or red wine with dinner for two years. All patients followed a Mediterranean diet without caloric restriction, and of the 224 who initially participated, 94 percent had one-year follow-up data and 87 percent had two-year follow-up data.

The researchers found that red wine significantly increased the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level by 0.05 mmol/L (P < 0.001) and apolipoprotein(a)1 level by 0.03 g/L (P = 0.05) and decreased the total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio by 0.27 (P = 0.039). A significant benefit from both wines on glycemic control (fasting plasma glucose, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and hemoglobin A1c), was seen only in slow ethanol metabolizers (alcohol dehydrogenase alleles [ADH1B*1] carriers) compared with fast ethanol metabolizers (persons homozygous for ADH1B*2). Compared with water, red wine further significantly reduced the number of components of the metabolic syndrome (P = 0.049).

"The genetic interactions suggest that ethanol plays an important role in glucose metabolism, and red wine's effects also involve nonalcoholic constituents," the authors write.

Abstract
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