Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Nursing for May 2011. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
Effect Estimates May Be Inflated in Biomarker Studies
TUESDAY, May 31 (HealthDay News) -- Biomarker effects are often overestimated in highly cited studies compared to the effects reported in subsequent meta-analyses of the same associations, according to a review published in the June 1 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Stress and Abuse Not Linked to Multiple Sclerosis
TUESDAY, May 31 (HealthDay News) -- Stress at home in adulthood and physical or sexual abuse in childhood or adolescence are not associated with the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), according to a study published in the May 31 issue of Neurology.
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Dificid Approved to Treat C. diff Diarrhea
TUESDAY, May 31 (HealthDay News) -- Dificid (fidaxomicin) has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat diarrhea associated with Clostridium difficile infection.
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Use of Energy Drinks Should Be Discouraged in Children
TUESDAY, May 31 (HealthDay News) -- Sports and energy drink consumption is widespread, and youth should be made aware of the potential health risks of those drinks, according to a clinical report published online May 29 in Pediatrics.
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Team Communication Vital to Avoid Health Care Errors
TUESDAY, May 31 (HealthDay News) -- Perioperative registered nurses (RNs) identify communication between the team as the most important factor responsible for near misses or close-call situations that could result in a health care error, according to a study published in the May issue of the AORN Journal.
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Education Increases Support for Family-Witnessed CPR
TUESDAY, May 31 (HealthDay News) -- Presentation of an evidence-based family-witnessed resuscitation (FWR) education program to cardiopulmonary resuscitation providers may modify their opinions and increase their support for FWR, according to a study published in the May issue of the Journal of Emergency Nursing.
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Environmentally Mediated Diseases and Costs Increasing
TUESDAY, May 31 (HealthDay News) -- The annual economic burden of environmentally mediated diseases in U.S. children increased from $54.9 billion in 2002 to $76.6 billion in 2008, according to a study published in the May issue of Health Affairs.
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Lack of Sleep May Increase Body Mass Index in Children
TUESDAY, May 31 (HealthDay News) -- Young children who do not get enough sleep may have an increased risk of becoming overweight, according to a study published online May 26 in BMJ.
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Length of Maternity Leave Tied to Breast-Feeding Behavior
TUESDAY, May 31 (HealthDay News) -- The duration of breast-feeding among U.S. mothers may be longer if they delay their time of return to work, according to a study published online May 29 in Pediatrics.
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Racial and Ethnic Disparities Exist in U.S. Stroke Care
MONDAY, May 30 (HealthDay News) -- Racial and ethnic minorities experience disparities in many aspects of stroke care as compared to whites, according to a scientific statement from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association published online May 26 in Stroke.
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Country-Specific Tool Predicts Adverse Perinatal Outcomes
MONDAY, May 30 (HealthDay News) -- A new generic reference tool is better at predicting low fetal weight and adverse perinatal outcomes among global populations, according to a study published in the May 28 issue of The Lancet.
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Phone Counseling Improves Outcomes in Diabetes Patients
FRIDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Telephone-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) coupled with a walking program may not improve A1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and depression, but it appears to improve other important outcomes, according to research published online April 6 in Medical Care.
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Health-Related Quality of Life Lower in Arthritis Sufferers
FRIDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Adults with arthritis report lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL) than those without the condition, according to research published online April 29 in Arthritis Care & Research.
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Most Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients Develop Anemia
FRIDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Anemia develops in the majority of patients who are hospitalized for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBC) is associated with improved outcome, according to a study published in the May issue of Neurosurgery.
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Acetaminophen Prescriptions for Children Often Incorrect
FRIDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Off-label prescribing of acetaminophen (paracetamol) occurs frequently, with potential overdosing risks in infants, and potential underdosing for children aged 6 to 12, according to a study published online May 18 in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.
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Television in Child's Bedroom Linked to Unhealthy Lifestyle
FRIDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Having a TV in the bedroom (TVIB) is associated with unhealthy behaviors in Hispanic children, according to a study published in the May/June issue of the American Journal of Health Promotion.
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Childhood Obesity Linked to Psoriasis
FRIDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Obese children are significantly more likely to have psoriasis than their normal-weight peers, and may have increased levels of cardiovascular risk factors, according to a study published online April 29 in The Journal of Pediatrics.
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Peripheral Nerve Injury May Cause Substantial Disability
FRIDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with peripheral upper-extremity nerve injury may have substantial disability and pain at more than six months following the injury, according to a study published in the May 18 issue of The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery.
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Robotic Surgery Claims on Hospital Sites Not Balanced
FRIDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Hospital Web sites in the United States may be overestimating the benefits and underestimating the risks of robotic surgery, potentially misinforming patients, according to a study published online May 17 in the Journal for Healthcare Quality.
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Changes in Sleep Duration May Impair Cognitive Function
FRIDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Adverse changes in sleep duration -- too little or too much sleep -- in middle-aged people may have a detrimental effect on their cognitive function, according to research published in the May 1 issue of SLEEP.
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Majority of U.K. Hospitals Offer Child Head Trauma Care
FRIDAY, May 27 (HealthDay News) -- Although the majority of U.K. hospitals have an established pathway for managing head injuries in children, many hospitals are lacking on-site services to care for a critically ill child, according to a study published online May 23 in the Emergency Medicine Journal.
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Polypills May Reduce Blood Pressure and LDL Cholesterol
THURSDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- Use of combination cardiovascular medications, or polypills, is associated with significant reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, according to a study published online May 25 in PLoS One.
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Discrepancies Exist in National Hypertension Estimates
THURSDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- Estimates from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), Wave IV, indicate that hypertension among young adults may be much higher than previously thought based on the 2007 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), according to a study published online May 23 in Epidemiology.
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Work-Related Activity Boosts Number of Active Adults
THURSDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- More than 70 percent of U.S. adults meet the minimum threshold for physical activity when occupational physical activity is taken into consideration, according to research published in the May 27 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
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Lateral Violence Affects Health Care Work Environment
THURSDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- Lateral violence creates an unpleasant work environment affecting nurses, patients, and the health care organization, and, as such, health care centers should educate their nursing staff to identify lateral violence and adopt measures to eliminate it, according to a study published in the May issue of the AORN Journal.
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Mortality Higher in Early-Term Infants Than Full-Term Infants
THURSDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- Early-term infants are at a higher mortality risk than those born at full term, and there are racial and ethnic disparities in infant mortality rates for early-term and full-term births, according to a study published in the June issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
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U.S. National Rate of Home Births Increases
THURSDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- The percentage of home births in the United States increased between 2004 and 2008, according to a study published online May 20 in Birth: Issues in Perinatal Care.
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Lupus Factors Tied to Weak Response to Influenza Vaccine
THURSDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), particularly those with a history of hematological disorder or taking prednisone, may have a low antibody response to influenza vaccination, according to a study published online May 19 in Arthritis & Rheumatism.
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Pediatric Medical Emergencies Increase in the U.K.
THURSDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- The number of children presenting to emergency departments in the United Kingdom increased between 1997 and 2007 to 2008, although the majority of medical conditions presented remain the same, according to a study published online May 23 in the Emergency Medicine Journal.
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Optimum Number of Eggs for IVF Success is 15
THURSDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- The chances of success after in vitro fertilization (IVF) are maximized when 15 eggs are retrieved during ovarian stimulation, according to a study published online May 10 in Human Reproduction.
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Surgical Delay Associated With Worse Prostatectomy Outcome
THURSDAY, May 26 (HealthDay News) -- Delaying radical prostatectomy by six months or more in men who meet the D'Amico low-risk criteria for prostate cancer is correlated with worse outcomes, according to a study published in the June issue of The Journal of Urology.
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Locomotor Training for Stroke Rehab Offers No Advantage
WEDNESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- There is no significant difference between locomotor training and home exercise for rehabilitation after a stroke, according to a study published in the May 26 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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More Psychiatrists Believe in Clinical Value of Placebos
WEDNESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Psychiatrists are more likely than nonpsychiatrists to prescribe subtherapeutic doses of medication and believe in the clinical value of placebos, according to a study published in the April issue of the Canadian Journal of Psychiatry.
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Contact With Drug Industry Linked to Positive Attitudes
WEDNESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- The extent of contact that medical students have with the pharmaceutical industry is associated with positive attitudes about marketing, according to a review published online May 24 in PLoS Medicine.
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More Scans for Back Pain by Doctors Who Bill for MRI
WEDNESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with low back pain in the care of primary care physicians or orthopedists who own or lease magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment are more likely to receive an MRI, according to a study published online April 21 in Health Services Research.
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Patient Navigation May Boost Colorectal Cancer Screening
WEDNESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Patient navigators may help increase rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among ethnically diverse patients, particularly non-English speaking and black patients, according to a study published in the May 23 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Excessive Calcium Intake Does Not Lower Fracture Risk
WEDNESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Increasing calcium intake above a satisfactory level is not associated with a further reduction of osteoporotic fracture rates in women, according to a study published online May 24 in BMJ.
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Psoriasis Linked to Difficult-to-Manage Hypertension
WEDNESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Hypertensive patients with psoriasis are more likely to have difficult-to-control hypertension compared to hypertensive patients without psoriasis, according to a study published online March 29 in PLoS One.
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Brisk Walking May Lower Prostate CA Progression Risk
WEDNESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- Brisk walking may help slow disease progression in men diagnosed with clinically localized prostate cancer, according to a study published online May 24 in Cancer Research.
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Cultural Participation Linked to Better Health Outcomes
WEDNESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- There is gender-dependent association between cultural activities (both receptive and creative) and good health, satisfaction with life, and low anxiety and depression scores, according to a study published online May 23 in the Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health.
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Top Five Clinical Activities Identified for Improving Care
WEDNESDAY, May 25 (HealthDay News) -- A panel of physicians from the National Physicians Alliance (NPA) have identified common clinical activities, which could improve quality of care and use of clinical resources, according to a study published online May 23 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation Tied to Increased Mortality
TUESDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Women with new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) may have an increased risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and noncardiovascular mortality, according to a study published May 25 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Selective Abortion of Girls Increasing in India
TUESDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- It is becoming increasingly common in families in India to abort female fetuses if the firstborn was a girl, particularly in wealthier, better-educated households, according to research published online May 24 in The Lancet.
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Heart-Friendly Fatty Acids Linked to Prostate Cancer
TUESDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- High levels of the ω-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid may increase the risk of high-grade prostate cancer; whereas, high levels of trans-fatty acids (TFAs) may reduce the risk, according to a study published online April 24 in the American Journal of Epidemiology.
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Vascular Disease May Increase Stroke or Death Risk in A-Fib
TUESDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Vascular disease, such as peripheral artery disease (PAD) or prior myocardial infarction (MI), is an independent risk factor for stroke or death in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), according to a study published online April 19 in the Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis.
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Infection Control Breach in 15 Percent of Nursing Homes
TUESDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Fifteen percent of U.S. nursing homes receive deficiency citations each year for infection control, and this may be associated with low staffing levels, according to a study published in the May issue of the American Journal of Infection Control.
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Patient-Physician Gender Concordance Aids Obese Males
TUESDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Patient-physician gender concordance has a positive correlation with exercise and diet/nutrition counseling in obese male patients, according to a study published in the June issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.
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Child's Access to Dental Care Tied to Insurance Provider
TUESDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Children with private dental insurance are significantly more likely to attain an appointment for an urgent oral injury compared to those with Medicaid coverage, even in dental practices enrolled in the Medicaid program, according to a study published online May 23 in Pediatrics.
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Use of CCTA Screening Tied to Increased Invasive Testing
TUESDAY, May 24 (HealthDay News) -- Low-risk adults who undergo coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) screening use more medications and undergo invasive coronary procedures, according to a study published online May 23 in Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Access to Medical Records Not Linked to Increased Anxiety
MONDAY, May 23 (HealthDay News) -- Providing cancer patients with full access to their medical records may increase their satisfaction without increasing anxiety, according to a study published online May 23 in Cancer.
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Excess Medical Costs Tied to Diabetes in Youth Substantial
MONDAY, May 23 (HealthDay News) -- The excess medical expenditures related to diabetes among youth are substantial, and this is particularly true for insulin-treated diabetes mellitus (ITDM), according to a study published in the May issue of Diabetes Care.
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High Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Obese Teens
MONDAY, May 23 (HealthDay News) -- Obese adolescents have a very high prevalence of low vitamin D status, according to a study published in the May issue of the Journal of Adolescent Health.
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End-of-Life Cancer Care Differs in the U.S. and Canada
MONDAY, May 23 (HealthDay News) -- End-of-life care for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) differs in the United States and Ontario, Canada, according to a study published online May 18 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
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Psychological Distress Tied to Risky Driving in Youth
MONDAY, May 23 (HealthDay News) -- Psychological distress among young novice drivers is linked to risky driving behavior, according to a study published online May 16 in Injury Prevention.
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Severe Vitamin D Deficiency Linked to Pneumonia Deaths
MONDAY, May 23 (HealthDay News) -- In hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia, severe vitamin D deficiency, but not antimicrobial peptide levels, is associated with increased 30-day mortality, according to a study published in the May issue of Respirology.
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Type II Odontoid Fractures May Up Elderly Mortality Risk
MONDAY, May 23 (HealthDay News) -- Type II odontoid fractures in the elderly are associated with a high mortality rate irrespective of the intervention, according to a study published in the May 15 issue of Spine.
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Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescribing Common in Asthma
MONDAY, May 23 (HealthDay News) -- Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing appears to be relatively common among children with asthma, according to two studies published online May 23 in Pediatrics.
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Increase in Developmental Disabilities in U.S. Children
MONDAY, May 23 (HealthDay News) -- The prevalence of developmental disabilities increased in the United States from 1997 to 2008, according to a study published online May 23 in Pediatrics.
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FDA: SimplyThick Should Not Be Used in Premature Infants
MONDAY, May 23 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has notified parents, caregivers, and health care providers not to administer SimplyThick to infants born prior to 37 weeks, as the product may cause necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a life-threatening gastrointestinal condition.
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L-Arginine Linked to Decreased Pre-Eclampsia Risk
FRIDAY, May 20 (HealthDay News) -- The risk of pre-eclampsia may be reduced by dietary supplementation with both L-arginine and antioxidant vitamins in high-risk women, according to a study published online May 19 in BMJ.
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Tai Chi May Prevent Falls and Improve Mental Health
FRIDAY, May 20 (HealthDay News) -- Tai chi may help fall prevention and improve psychological health but has been shown not to be effective in the symptomatic treatment of cancer and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), according to a study published online May 16 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.
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Excessive Business Travel Tied to Poor Health, Obesity
FRIDAY, May 20 (HealthDay News) -- People who travel extensively for business are more likely to be obese and to rate their health as poor or fair than peers whose business travel demands are lighter, according to research published in the April issue of the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
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Nurses Working Overtime May Increase Post-Discharge Costs
FRIDAY, May 20 (HealthDay News) -- Post-discharge readmission and emergency department (ED) utilization costs may be reduced by increasing registered nurses' (RNs') non-overtime hours and decreasing their overtime hours, according to a study published online April 21 in Health Services Research.
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No Skin Atrophy With Long-Term Topical Corticosteroids
FRIDAY, May 20 (HealthDay News) -- Long-term use of topical corticosteroids (TCS) in children with dermatitis does not cause skin atrophy, according to a study published online April 20 in Pediatric Dermatology.
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Systemic Sclerosis Linked to Coronary Calcification
FRIDAY, May 20 (HealthDay News) -- Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an independent risk factor for coronary calcification in addition to other conventional risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis, such as age and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, according to a study published in the May issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism.
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Looking After a Spouse With Dementia May Affect Cognition
FRIDAY, May 20 (HealthDay News) -- An older person caring for a spouse with dementia may be at higher risk of cognitive impairment or dementia than a person who is not caring for a spouse with dementia, according to a review published in the May issue of the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.
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Lower HIV-Related Mortality, Increased Treatment in China
THURSDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- HIV-related mortality has decreased and concomitant treatment coverage has increased in China, but mortality is higher and treatment cover lower in injecting drug users and those infected sexually, according to a study published online May 19 in The Lancet Infectious Diseases.
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Violent Death Rates for Infants, Children Have Dropped
THURSDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- There has been a decrease in the rates of violent death in infancy and middle childhood, according to a study published online April 27 in the Archives of Disease in Childhood.
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Awareness of Terminal Cancer Doesn't Impact Survival
THURSDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- Patients' awareness that they have terminal cancer and use of a palliative care facility are not associated with reduced survival time, according to a study published online May 16 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
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Binge Drinking Linked With Poor Declarative Memory
THURSDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- Binge drinking (BD) is correlated with poorer verbal declarative memory, irrespective of gender, according to a study published online May 16 in Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research.
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Elective C-Sections More Common Among Affluent Moms
THURSDAY, May 19 (HealthDay News) -- Socioeconomic status is associated with cesarean section rates in Scottish mothers, according to a study published online May 18 in BMC Public Health.
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Free Gracilis Transfer in Children Improves Smile
WEDNESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- Dynamic facial reanimation using free gracilis transfer in children has an acceptable success rate, significantly improves smile, and may improve quality of life (QOL) with respect to facial function, according to a study published in the May/June issue of the Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery.
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No Evidence of Skin Infestation in Delusional Infestation
WEDNESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with suspected delusional skin infestation, histologic examination of skin biopsies and examination of patient-provided samples show sparse objective evidence of skin infestation, according to a study published online May 16 in the Archives of Dermatology.
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Cardiac Rehabilitation May Lower All-Cause Mortality Rate
WEDNESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- Participation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with a significant decrease in all-cause mortality rates, according to a study published online May 16 in Circulation.
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Family Cancer Histories Are Not Highly Accurate
WEDNESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- General population reports on family history for major adult cancers are not very accurate, according to a study published online May 11 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
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Prenatal Vitamin A May Not Reduce Mortality
WEDNESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- Weekly supplementation with vitamin A or beta carotene during pregnancy is not associated with a reduction in pregnancy-related or infant mortality in Bangladesh, according to a study published in the May 18 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Propranolol Effectively Treats Infantile Hemangiomas
WEDNESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- Propranolol appears to be an effective first-line therapy in the treatment of infantile head and neck hemangiomas, according to research published in the May issue of the Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head & Neck Surgery.
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Triamcinolone Ineffective in Eustachian Tube Dysfunction
WEDNESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- Tympanometric manifestation of eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) may not be normalized by treatment with intranasal aqueous triamcinolone acetonide (TAA-AQ), according to a study published in the May issue of the Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head & Neck Surgery.
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Most Nondermatologist Lesion Referrals Are Nonmalignant
WEDNESDAY, May 18 (HealthDay News) -- Nondermatologist referrals for skin malignancies include mainly noncancerous lesions, but consulting dermatologists are better able to identify incident malignant lesions in addition to the primary lesion of concern, according to a study published in the May issue of the Archives of Dermatology.
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Decrease in Number of Hospital Emergency Departments
TUESDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Between 1990 and 2009, there was a substantial decrease in the number of hospital emergency departments (EDs) in nonrural areas, according to a study published in the May 18 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Major Birth Defects Not Linked to Newer Antiepileptic Drugs
TUESDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Exposure to newer-generation antiepileptic drugs in the first trimester of pregnancy is not correlated with an increase in major birth defects in a Danish cohort of live-born infants, according to a study published in the May 18 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Hospital Phlebotomy Costs Reduced by Raising Awareness
TUESDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Continuously generating awareness among health care providers of the hospital costs of daily phlebotomy can reduce the amount of phlebotomy ordered for nonintensive care surgical patients and can result in significant savings for the hospital, according to a study published in the May issue of the Archives of Surgery.
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Physician Advice May Improve Teen Smoking Behavior
TUESDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Physicians' tobacco-related interactions with adolescents, including screening and advice, may help to modify teen attitudes, smoking intentions, and quitting behaviors, according to a study published online May 16 in Pediatrics.
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BMI of 35kg/m² or More Associated With Mortality
TUESDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- In older U.S. adults, moderately severe obesity may be related to mortality, whereas lower levels of obesity are correlated with new or worsening disability within two years, according to a study published in the May 17 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Heart Disease Risk Similar in Children Treated for ADHD
TUESDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Use of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) agents by children is not significantly associated with cardiovascular events or death, according to a study published online May 16 in Pediatrics.
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Atypical Early-Onset Alzheimer's Often Misdiagnosed
TUESDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) who have atypical (non-memory) presentations, are frequently misdiagnosed, according to a study published in the May 17 issue of Neurology.
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Tele-ICU Tied to Lower Mortality, Shorter Hospital Stay
TUESDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) -- Implementation of a tele-intensive care unit (ICU) intervention is correlated with reduced mortality risk, length of hospital stay, preventable complications rates, and improvements in best practice adherence, according to a study published online May 16 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Early Diagnoses of Autism Increasing in Massachusetts
MONDAY, May 16 (HealthDay News) -- Early diagnoses of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are increasing in Massachusetts, especially among boys, according to a study published online May 16 in Pediatrics.
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Prenatal Partner Violence Tied to Postpartum Depression
MONDAY, May 16 (HealthDay News) -- Prenatal exposure to recent intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with the development of postpartum depression (PPD) in Latinas, and may offer better prediction than prenatal depression, according to a study published in the April issue of the Archives of Women's Mental Health.
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Surgical Catheter Complications Affect Health Outcomes
MONDAY, May 16 (HealthDay News) -- Catheter-related complications for surgical procedures are relatively uncommon, but they are correlated with an increased length of stay and urinary tract infections, according to a study published in the May issue of The Journal of Urology.
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MRKAd5 Vaccine Found Ineffective Against HIV-1
MONDAY, May 16 (HealthDay News) -- A vaccine tested in a cohort of men and women in South Africa failed to prevent acquisition of HIV-1 or a decrease in viral load in those who acquired the virus, according to research published online May 12 in The Lancet Infectious Diseases.
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Early HIV Therapy Reduces Partner's Infection Risk
FRIDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- People with HIV may be able to reduce the risk of transmitting the infection to sexual partners by starting an antiretroviral regimen early, while their immune systems are healthy, according the results of the HPTN 052 trial, sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). The trial was slated to end in 2015, but the findings are being released early after a scheduled interim data review by an independent data and safety monitoring board.
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Childhood Eczema, Rhinitis Predict Adult Asthma
FRIDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- Children who have eczema and rhinitis may be more susceptible to atopic asthma in adulthood, according to research published online April 4 in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.
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Hydroxycarbamide Effective for Infant Sickle-Cell Anemia
FRIDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- Hydroxycarbamide therapy may be safe and effective for treating infants with sickle-cell anemia, according to a study published in the May 14 issue of The Lancet.
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Laser Saves at Least One Twin in Twin-Twin Transfusion
FRIDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- Use of selective laser photocoagulation of communicating vessels (SLPCV) for patients with twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) show improved perinatal survival of at least one twin independent of the Quintero stage, according to a study published in the May issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
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Therapeutic Climbing Beneficial for Chronic Low Back Pain
FRIDAY, May 13 (HealthDay News) -- Compared with a standard exercise regime, therapeutic climbing offers patients with chronic low back pain superior benefits in terms of perceived health and physical functioning, according to a study published in the May 15 issue of Spine.
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Firearm Homicide Rates Higher in Metropolitan Areas
THURSDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- Metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) usually have higher rates of firearm-related homicides than the national average, and the rate in youths exceeds the all-ages rate in most MSAs and cities, according to a report in the May 13 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
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Marital Instability May Predict Sleep Problems in Children
THURSDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- Marital instability prospectively predicts early childhood sleep patterns, even after controlling for factors such as sleep problems, and eliminating shared genetic influences, according to a study published online May 11 in Child Development.
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Poor Sleep Quality Linked to Worse Glucose Control
THURSDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- Early-middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes show an association between poor sleep quality and higher levels of fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and estimated insulin resistance, according to a study published in the May issue of Diabetes Care.
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Breast-Feeding May Lower Odds of Behavioral Problems
THURSDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- Breast-feeding for at least four months is associated with reduced odds of behavioral problems at age 5 years in term children, but the correlation is less clear for preterm children, according to a study published online May 9 in the Archives of Disease in Childhood.
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Poor Cardiovascular Outcomes for U.S. Women
THURSDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- In the United States, women have worse cardiovascular treatment and outcomes than men, according to the Women's Health in American Hospitals report released on May 3 by HealthGrades.
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Blacks Screened More Often Than Whites for Opioid Misuse
THURSDAY, May 12 (HealthDay News) -- Black patients on opioid analgesics for chronic noncancer pain are significantly more likely to receive recommended opioid risk reduction strategies than white patients, according to a study published in the May/June issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.
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FDA: Defibtech Lifeline and ReviveR Defibrillators Recalled
WEDNESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- Defibtech has issued a class I recall of Lifeline and ReviveR automated external defibrillators (AEDs), including model DDU-100 series with software version 2.004 or earlier, as AEDs using software version 2.004 or earlier may cause the device to cancel shock during the charging process.
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Coffee May Lower Breast Cancer Risk in Older Women
WEDNESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- A high daily intake of coffee is associated with a significant decrease in the risk of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer in postmenopausal women, according to a study published online May 11 in Breast Cancer Research.
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Proton Pump Inhibitors May Increase Fracture Risk
WEDNESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- Use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), but not histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), is associated with an increased risk of fracture, according to a meta-analysis published in the May/June issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.
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Neonatal Vitamin D Deficiency Tied to Respiratory Disease
WEDNESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- Healthy neonates with vitamin D deficiency are at a higher risk of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in the first year of life, according to a study published online May 9 in Pediatrics.
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Exogenous Estrogen Use Linked to Cerebral Aneurysms
WEDNESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- Women who use oral contraceptive pills or hormone replacement therapy may be less likely to have a cerebral aneurysm, according to a study published in the June issue of the Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery.
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Medical Education Participants Recognize Funding Bias
WEDNESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- Although most medical professionals believe that commercial funding of continuing medical education (CME) introduces bias, most are not willing to pay higher fees to offset or eliminate such funding sources, according to a study published in the May 9 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Limited Evidence Exists for Alzheimer's Risk Factors
WEDNESDAY, May 11 (HealthDay News) -- The existing evidence is insufficient to draw firm conclusions about the association of any modifiable factor with the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), according to a study published online May 9 in the Archives of Neurology.
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Optimal Medical Therapy Often Not Applied Before PCI
TUESDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- Less than half the patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) receive optimal medical therapy (OMT) before PCI; whereas, approximately two-thirds receive it following PCI, with similar practice patterns seen before and after publication of the Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation (COURAGE) trial, according to a study published in the May 11 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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NSAIDs May Increase Cardio Risk in MI Patients
TUESDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- In patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI), even short-term treatment with most nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be associated with an increased risk of recurrent MI and death, according to a study published online May 9 in Circulation.
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Cognitive Impairment Common in Oldest Old Women
TUESDAY, May 10 (HealthDay News) -- A substantial number of oldest old women, an increasing demographic, have some degree of cognitive impairment, according to research published in the May issue of the Archives of Neurology.
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Observing Children With Head Injury Reduces CT Scan Use
MONDAY, May 9 (HealthDay News) -- Clinical observation is associated with reduced computed tomography (CT) use among children with minor blunt head trauma, according to a study published online May 9 in Pediatrics.
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Incidence of Autism Spectrum Disorders Underestimated
MONDAY, May 9 (HealthDay News) -- Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may be more prevalent in children than previously estimated and are found in children in mainstream schools as well as special education schools, according to a study published online May 9 in The American Journal of Psychiatry.
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Gay Men May Have Increased Cancer Prevalence
MONDAY, May 9 (HealthDay News) -- Sexual orientation may affect cancer prevalence and self-health perception, with poor self-reported health perception more likely in lesbian and bisexual female cancer survivors, and increased cancer prevalence in gay men, according to a study published online May 9 in Cancer.
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Low Vitamin D Tied to Adiposity and High HDL in Children
MONDAY, May 9 (HealthDay News) -- Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels are associated with high measures of adiposity and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in both black and white children, according to a study published in the May issue of the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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Residual Depressive Symptoms in Responders to Citalopram
MONDAY, May 9 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who respond to citalopram but do not remit report a range of residual domains and depressive symptoms, according to a study published in the April issue of the Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology.
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Sleep Duration Tied to Infant Growth Spurts
MONDAY, May 9 (HealthDay News) -- Increased sleep duration and episodes among infants appear to be associated with growth spurts in body length, according to a study published in the May 1 issue of SLEEP.
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Self-Image Impacts Pain Perception in Scoliosis Patients
MONDAY, May 9 (HealthDay News) -- The majority of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) report experiencing back pain, and those who perceive themselves as less deformed or have less of a desire to change their spinal deformity have a greater reduction in pain after posterior spinal fusion surgery, according to a study published in the May 1 issue of Spine.
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Diabetes Symptoms Improve With Aerobic Exercise
MONDAY, May 9 (HealthDay News) -- Aerobic exercise alone or combined with resistance training significantly improves cardiovascular (CV) risk factors including hemoglobin A1c, systolic blood pressure (SBP), triglycerides, and waist circumference in patients with type 2 diabetes, according to a meta-analysis published online April 27 in Diabetes Care.
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NSAIDs, Aspirin May Increase Risk of Diverticulitis
MONDAY, May 9 (HealthDay News) -- Men who regularly use aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may have an increased risk of diverticulitis and diverticular bleeding, according to a study published in the May issue of Gastroenterology.
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Arsenic in Drinking Water Tied to Heart Disease Mortality
MONDAY, May 9 (HealthDay News) -- Exposure to arsenic in drinking water appears to be adversely associated with mortality from cardiovascular disease in Bangladesh, particularly among cigarette smokers, according to a study published online May 5 in BMJ.
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Adding Omalizumab May Improve Uncontrolled Asthma
FRIDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- Omalizumab appears to provide additional clinical benefits in patients with severe allergic asthma that is inadequately controlled with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting beta2-agonists (LABAs), according to a study published in the May 3 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Higher Metabolic Rates May Predict Early Mortality
FRIDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- Higher metabolic rates, measured by 24-hour energy expenditure (24EE) or resting metabolic rate (RMR), may predict early natural mortality in Pima Indians, according to a study published online March 30 in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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Calcium Supplementation Inadequate in Elderly
FRIDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- Dietary calcium intake is lower in the elderly and, despite increased frequency of supplemental calcium use, this cohort does not meet the recommended adequate intake (AI) of calcium, according to a study published in the May issue of the Journal of the American Dietetic Association.
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Anesthesia in Infancy Not Linked to Poor Academic Scores
FRIDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- Brief anesthetic exposure during a surgery in infancy does not reduce academic performance in adolescence, according to a study published in the May issue of Anesthesiology.
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Health Literacy Limited Among Patients on Hemodialysis
FRIDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- A substantial proportion of patients treated with chronic hemodialysis have limited health literacy, especially African-Americans, those with lower educational levels, and veterans, according to a study published online May 5 in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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HRS: Survival High in Cardiac Arrest at Exercise Facilities
FRIDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) that occurs at an exercise facility, whether traditional (such as a gym) or nontraditional (such as a dance studio or bowling alley), is associated with a high rate of survival, according to research presented at the Heart Rhythm Society's Annual Scientific Sessions, held from May 4 to 7 in San Francisco.
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Icons May Help Adults Identify Acetaminophen Medicines
FRIDAY, May 6 (HealthDay News) -- Use of simple, explicit messages and icons identifiable by consumers may promote safe use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications such as acetaminophen, according to a study published online May 3 in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.
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Infant Acetaminophen Drugs to Be Discontinued
THURSDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- The manufacturers of cold and fever medications that contain acetaminophen have announced that they will discontinue production of infant-drop formulations of the products to avoid confusion that could result in overdoses, according to a report from the Associated Press.
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Community Intervention Can Improve HIV Testing Rates
THURSDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- The use of community-based voluntary counseling and testing (CBVCT) appears to improve initial and repeat HIV testing rates in remote communities as compared with standard, clinic-based VCT (SVCT), according to a study published online May 4 in The Lancet Infectious Diseases.
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Aneurysmal Rupture Triggers Include Drinking Coffee
THURSDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- Eight triggers that increase the risk of aneurysmal rupture have been identified, including drinking coffee and vigorous physical exercise, according to a study published online May 5 in Stroke.
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Being Social in Old Age May Prevent Cognitive Decline
THURSDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- Older adults who are more socially active may experience less cognitive decline in old age, according to a study published online April 8 in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society.
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Cardiac Catheterization Useful for Children but Has Risks
THURSDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- Although cardiac catheterization in children has inherent risks, it can be used for diagnosis and treatment of several heart conditions, according to a scientific statement by the American Heart Association published online May 4 in Circulation.
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Prolonged Bottle Use Linked With Childhood Obesity
THURSDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- Prolonged bottle use up to 24 months is independently associated with obesity at age 5.5 years, according to a study published online May 5 in The Journal of Pediatrics.
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Obstructive Sleep Apnea Better After Adenotonsillectomy
THURSDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- In children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), sleep-disordered breathing improves after adenotonsillectomy possibly due to decreases in the sympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system, according to a study published in the May issue of Chest.
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Condition-Specific Comorbidity Index May Improve Accuracy
THURSDAY, May 5 (HealthDay News) -- A condition-specific comorbidity index may be significantly better than the commonly used Deyo Comorbidity Index for adjusting mortality, morbidities, and hospital disposition measures, according to a study published in the April 20 issue of Spine.
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Bisphosphonates Tied to Small Risk of Atypical Fractures
WEDNESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Among patients with atypical fractures, there is a high prevalence of current bisphosphonate use, but the absolute risk of these fractures is small, according to a study published in the May 5 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Leukotriene-Receptor Antagonists Effective in Asthma
WEDNESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Use of a leukotriene-receptor antagonist (LTRA) may be as effective as an inhaled glucocorticoid as first-line controller therapy, and as effective as a long-acting beta2-agonist (LABA) as an add-on therapy, for the treatment of asthma patients, according to the findings of two pragmatic trials published in the May 5 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Individualized Guidelines May Improve Quality of Care
WEDNESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Individualized guidelines that calculate the risk reduction expected from treatment, and which rank individuals in order of decreasing expected benefit, may be useful for increasing the quality and reducing the cost of care, according to a study published in the May 3 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Autism Prevalence in England Similar in Adults and Children
WEDNESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in adults in England is about 10 per 1,000, which is similar to that seen in children, and prevalence does not appear to be associated with age, according to research published in the May issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.
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Unit-Based Team Design Improves Communication
WEDNESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Physicians and nurses who work on unit-based teams appear to experience improved communication with one another, which may result in a better environment for patient safety, according to research published in the May issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.
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Caregiver English Skills Tied to Length of Hospital Stay
WEDNESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Pediatric inpatients with infection requiring long-term antibiotic treatment whose primary caregiver has limited English proficiency are likely to have a longer length of stay (LOS) in the hospital, and fewer home health care referrals, according to a study published online May 2 in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.
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Cerebral Cortex Enlargement Found in Children With Autism
WEDNESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have generalized cerebral cortical enlargement with disproportionate enlargement in temporal lobe white matter, according to a study published in the May issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.
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Low Urinary Sodium Excretion Linked to Higher Mortality
WEDNESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Lower sodium excretion is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, according to a study published in the May 4 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Race, Ethnicity May Influence ICU End-of-Life Care
WEDNESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Racial and ethnic differences that are independent of socioeconomic status may be present in end-of-life care in intensive care units (ICU), according to a study published in the May issue of Chest.
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Lot of Warfarin Tablets Recalled
WEDNESDAY, May 4 (HealthDay News) -- Bristol-Myers Squibb is voluntarily recalling a lot of warfarin sodium (Coumadin) 5 mg tablets after a tablet from one bottle was discovered to have a higher potency than it should, according to a safety alert posted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
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Structured Exercise Beats Advice Only for Lowering HbA1c
TUESDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- Structured exercise training is associated with a reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes, while physical activity advice is associated with lower HbA1c only when combined with dietary advice, according to a meta-analysis published in the May 4 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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CDC: Asthma Prevalence on the Rise in United States
TUESDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- The prevalence of asthma among both adults and children has increased in the last decade, and asthma costs have increased in recent years as well, according to a report in the May 3 early-release issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
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Central Obesity Tied to Cardiac Patient Mortality
TUESDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- Central obesity is associated with increased mortality in individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD), even in those with a normal body mass index (BMI), according to a review published in the May 10 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Nearly One in 10 Infants Given Supplements and Teas
TUESDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- Approximately 9 percent of infants, including some as young as 1 month, are given dietary botanical supplements (DBS) and teas by their mothers, according to a study published online May 2 in Pediatrics.
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Midlife Obesity Linked to Increased Risk of Dementia
TUESDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- Being overweight or obese in midlife may increase the risk of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD), according to a study published in the May 3 issue of Neurology.
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Mortality Drops Despite Lack of Emergency Medical Team
TUESDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- Despite the absence of a pediatric medical emergency team (PMET), researchers at a Canadian hospital found a decrease in hospital mortality over time, a finding they attribute less to their lack of a PMET than to the limitations of before-and-after study designs; their research has been published in the May issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.
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Baseline Psychiatric Status Tied to Postdeployment PTSD
TUESDAY, May 3 (HealthDay News) -- Psychiatric status at baseline and deployment-related physical injuries are correlated with screening positive for postdeployment posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, according to a study published in the May issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.
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Tradjenta Approved for Type 2 Diabetes
MONDAY, May 2 (HealthDay News) -- Tradjenta (linagliptin) tablets, combined with diet and exercise, have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to control blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes, the agency said Monday.
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Children Infected With HIV Perinatally Faring Well
MONDAY, May 2 (HealthDay News) -- Most children with perinatal HIV infection are achieving virologic suppression and have normal CD4 lymphocyte counts, according to a study published online March 9 in the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes.
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Maternal Age Is One Predictor of Child's Poor Development
MONDAY, May 2 (HealthDay News) -- Maternal age below 20 years at the time of birth is one of a number of factors that may predict a child's poor development, according to a study published online May 2 in Pediatrics.
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Eating Family Meals May Improve Youth Dietary Habits
MONDAY, May 2 (HealthDay News) -- Children and adolescents sharing three or more family meals per week are more likely to be in the normal weight range and have healthy dietary and eating patterns, according to a review published online May 2 in Pediatrics.
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Young Americans Do Not Consider Stroke Health Threat
MONDAY, May 2 (HealthDay News) -- Most young Americans believe their current health behaviors will not affect their future risks of stroke and cardiovascular diseases, according to results of a survey released on May 2 by the American Stroke Association.
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Acupuncture Found to Relieve Hot Flashes in Men
MONDAY, May 2 (HealthDay News) -- Acupuncture appears to be quite effective at relieving the hot flashes that are a common side effect of androgen ablation therapy (AAT) in men with prostate cancer, according to research published in the April 1 issue of the International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.
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