August 2012 Briefing - OBGYN & Women's Health

Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in OBGYN & Women's Health for August 2012. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.

Colpocleisis Deemed Safe for Advanced Pelvic Organ Prolapse

FRIDAY, Aug. 31 (HealthDay News) -- Colpocleisis is a safe and effective treatment for advanced pelvic organ prolapse; however, urinary frequency and urgency often persist after the procedure, according to research published in the September issue of Urology.

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Preemie, Low Birth Weight Risk Up After Induced Abortions

FRIDAY, Aug. 31 (HealthDay News) -- Women who have had induced abortions (IAs) have an increased likelihood of having a very premature or low birth weight first baby, and the likelihood increases with each IA, according to research published online Aug. 29 in Human Reproduction.

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Teen Vaccinations Found to Be Increasing As Recommended

THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Since 2006, a year after the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices expanded the vaccination schedule for adolescents, vaccination coverage has increased, but vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV) in females lags behind other routine vaccinations, according to research published in the Aug. 31 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report.

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Human Whey Better Promotes Gut Bacteria Colonization

THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Infant formulas may not support biofilm growth as effectively as human milk does, according to a study published in the August issue of Current Nutrition & Food Science.

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Regular Aspirin Use Doesn't Reduce Breast Cancer Risk

TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Regular use of aspirin, other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or acetaminophen does not appear to affect the risk of breast cancer overall or by specific subtypes in postmenopausal women, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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Variation Noted in Pattern of Alcohol-Related Birth Defects

TUESDAY, Aug. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Exposure to alcohol early in pregnancy produces a pattern of facial and brain defects that can vary greatly depending on the time of exposure, according to an experimental study published online Aug. 22 in PLoS One.

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Effect of Maternal Eating Disorder on Perinatal Outcome Minimal

MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- Pregnant women with current or past eating disorders have few adverse perinatal outcomes, according to a study published online Aug. 20 in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology.

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AAP: Health Benefits of Male Circumcision Outweigh Risks

MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- The health benefits of circumcision for newborn males outweigh the risks, according to a policy statement from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) published online Aug. 27 in Pediatrics.

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Poor Survival for Obese Women With HR+ Breast Cancer

MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- Women with hormone receptor-positive operable breast cancer have reduced survival if they are obese, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in Cancer.

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Anorexics Overestimate Own Body Size, but Not That of Others

FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) tend to overestimate the size of their body but not the bodies of others, basing their weight and body dimensions on their pre-AN body dimensions, according to research published online Aug. 22 in PLoS One.

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OASIS Risk Up for Nulliparous Women With Vacuum Delivery

FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- For women whose infants are delivered by vacuum extraction, the risk of obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASIS) is significantly higher among nulliparous women than multiparous women, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

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Depression Tied Negatively to Sexual Function in Pregnancy

FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Depressive symptom scores negatively predict sexual function during pregnancy, according to a study published online Aug. 15 in the Journal of Sexual Medicine.

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Outcomes Similar With Partial, Whole Breast Irradiation

FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) yields five-year clinical outcomes and patterns of failure similar to those achieved with whole breast irradiation (WBI), with excellent three-year survival for women who develop an ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR), according to a study published in the Sept. 1 issue of Cancer.

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Smoking in Pregnancy Linked to Preschool Wheeze, Asthma

FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Children who are exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy, but not in their first year of life, have an increased likelihood of developing wheeze and asthma at age 4 to 6 years, according to a study published online Aug. 17 in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

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Modifiable Risk Factors Key in Social Inequality of Diabetes

THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Modifiable risk factors, particularly health behaviors and body mass index (BMI), measured repeatedly over time, account for about half of the socioeconomic differential observed in type 2 diabetes, according to a study published online Aug. 21 in BMJ.

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Dual Action Antibody Reverses Menopausal Bone Loss

THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- An antibody can reverse bone loss in menopausal mice by both blocking bone breakdown and stimulating bone formation, according to an experimental study published online Aug. 20 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

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De Novo Mutation Rate Higher in Children of Older Fathers

WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Children of older fathers have a higher rate of new mutations, which may affect the risk of diseases such as autism and schizophrenia, according to a study published in the Aug. 23 issue of Nature.

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Fewer Circumcisions May Increase Infections and Costs

WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- The reduced rate of neonatal male circumcision (MC) procedures performed in the United States is estimated to lead to increased infection prevalence and higher medical costs for men and women, according to a study published online Aug. 20 in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.

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At-Home Diode Laser Effective for Permanent Hair Reduction

WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Eight treatments with a home-use diode laser provide effective and safe permanent hair reduction one year after the last treatment, according to research published in the September issue of Lasers in Surgery and Medicine.

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High Density on Mammograms Not Tied to Risk of Death

TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- High mammographic breast density is not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer-related or all-cause mortality, according to a study published online Aug. 21 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

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Study Identifies Sleep Apnea in 50 Percent of Women

TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Half of adult women aged 20 to 70 years may have obstructive sleep apnea, which correlates with age, obesity, and hypertension, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in the European Respiratory Journal.

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2012 Indicators of Well-Being for Older Americans Issued

MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- The estimates of selected indicators for well-being for older Americans for 2012 have been released by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics.

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Yo-Yo Dieters Still Benefit From Weight Loss Efforts

MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- Yo-yo dieting does not negatively affect participation in lifestyle intervention or the benefits of diet and exercise, according to a study published online Aug. 14 in Metabolism -- Clinical and Experimental.

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Substance in Human Breast Milk Protects Against HIV Transmission

MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- High concentrations of specific human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) appear to be protective against postnatal HIV transmission, according to research published online Aug. 15 in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

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Study Affirms Marijuana, 'Spice' Harmful in Pregnancy

FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Exocannabinoids, such as the major psychoactive component of marijuana, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), interfere with the function of the endocannabinoid system, present in the developing central nervous system from conception onward, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Drug Testing and Analysis.

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Study Finds Tobacco Use High in Developing Countries

FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Despite global tobacco control efforts, in low- and middle-income countries, nearly half of men use tobacco, women are starting to smoke at earlier ages, and quit ratios are low, according to a study published in the Aug. 18 issue of The Lancet, a theme issue on respiratory medicine.

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Even Minor Changes in Physical Activity Improve Bone Health

FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- For premenopausal women, physical activity correlates with decreased sclerostin, increased serum insulin-like growth factor-I (s-IGF-I), and increased bone formation markers, according to a study published online Aug. 3 in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.

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Computer-Based Obesity Tx Programs Show Promise

THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Interactive computer-based weight loss and weight maintenance interventions are more effective than no or minimal interventions, but are less effective than in-person treatment, according to a systematic review published online Aug. 15 in The Cochrane Library.

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Chemo for Breast Cancer Acceptable During Pregnancy

THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- For women diagnosed with early breast cancer during pregnancy, chemotherapy seems acceptable for both mother and infant, with most adverse effects relating to premature birth, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in The Lancet Oncology.

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Guidelines Updated for Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy

THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- A task force of The Endocrine Society has reviewed the evidence and updated guidelines for the management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and the postpartum period, according to an article published in the Aug. 1 issue of the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.

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Acquired Ovarian Cancer Drug Resistance Linked to Genomes

WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- The genomes of tumors from patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer display spatial and temporal genomic variation, with a greater degree of variation as tumors become resistant to chemotherapy, and resistance is associated with lower levels of the lipid transporter LRP1B, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of Cancer Research.

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Universal Domestic Violence Screening Not Beneficial

TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Screening for partner violence at the primary care level does not improve women's health or quality of life, or reduce further partner violence, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Denosumab Better for Breast Cancer With Bone Metastases

TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- In women with advanced breast cancer and bone metastases, denosumab is better than zoledronic acid in preventing skeletal complications and improving health-related quality of life, according to a study published online Aug. 14 in Clinical Cancer Research.

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Poor Follow-Up of Hospital Tests Often Due to Late Orders

TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Poor follow-up of test results at or after discharge from the hospital is often due to tests requested on the day of discharge, according to a letter to the editor published online Aug. 13 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.

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Pregnancy Ups Bleed Risk From Abnormal Brain Blood Vessels

TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Women with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in the brain have a significantly increased risk of rupture and bleeding during pregnancy, according to a study published in the August issue of Neurosurgery.

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Regular Exercise in Middle Age Lowers Inflammatory Markers

MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Middle-aged adults who have regularly engaged in physical activity for more than a decade appear to benefit from lower markers of inflammation, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Circulation.

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Snoring in Young Children Linked to Behavioral Problems

MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Persistent, loud snoring in young children aged 2 and 3 years is associated with higher rates of behavior problems, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Pediatrics.

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Genetic Factors Identified in Female Sexual Dysfunction

MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- At least two genetic factors are involved in female sexual disorder (FSD) symptomatology in addition to non-shared environmental effects, according to the results of a twin study published online Aug. 2 in The Journal of Sexual Medicine.

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Radiation Prevents Mastectomy Post-Conservative Op in Elderly

MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Following conservative surgery (CS), receipt of radiation therapy (RT) is associated with a decreased likelihood of subsequent mastectomy for most women aged 70 to 79 years with early breast cancer, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Cancer.

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Aspirin Use Again Linked to Slightly Lower Cancer Mortality

MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Daily aspirin use is associated with lower overall cancer mortality, but the association may be smaller than previously reported, according to a study published online Aug. 10 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

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Risk of Residual Disease Up in Triple Negative Breast Cancer

FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- Women with triple negative (TN) breast cancer have a significantly increased risk of residual carcinoma after lumpectomy, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of Cancer.

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No Mortality Benefit With Vertex-Status Early Preterm C-Section

FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- For women with singleton deliveries in early preterm births with breech presentation who are eligible for a trial of labor, vaginal delivery correlates with increased neonatal mortality compared with planned cesarean delivery, according to a study published in the August issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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Study Links Age, Insurance, but Not Race, to Chemo Rates

THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- For women with breast cancer, disease characteristics correlate significantly with chemotherapy receipt, with no indication of racial barriers to treatment, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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CDC Issues Revised Guidelines for Gonorrhea Treatment

THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Oral cefixime should no longer be considered the treatment of choice for gonorrhea; instead, patients should be treated with injectable ceftriaxone in combination with an oral antibiotic, azithromycin or doxycycline, according to revised guidelines published in the Aug. 10 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report.

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Maternal Obesity Ups Early Neonatal Mortality in Africa

THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- For women in sub-Saharan Africa, maternal obesity correlates with increased risk of early neonatal mortality, according to a study published online Aug. 9 in The Lancet.

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Subcutaneous, IV Trastuzumab Comparable for Breast Cancer

THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- For human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive early breast cancer, a subcutaneous formulation of trastuzumab is non-inferior to the standard intravenous formulation, according to a study published online Aug. 9 in The Lancet Oncology.

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'Surgeon-Tailored' Mesh Repair Resolves Urinary Incontinence

THURSDAY, Aug. 9 (HealthDay News) -- "Surgeon-tailored" polypropylene mesh (STPM) repair using a transobturator midurethral sling procedure alone or in combination with pelvic organ prolapse repair is an effective treatment for stress urinary incontinence symptoms, although some concerns remain regarding mesh-related complications, according to a study published in the August issue of Urology.

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New Method Improves BRCA1/2 Mutation Detection

TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- A next-generation sequencing method is a more effective method for identifying mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, according to a study published online Aug. 5 in The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics.

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Limitations ID'd in Women's Breast Health in Pakistan

TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Women in Pakistan need more awareness about breast health and access to early detection, and there is marked inconsistency among general practitioners (GPs) with respect to screening practices, work-up, and management, according to a study published in the August issue of the Journal of the American College of Radiology.

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No Increase in Preterm Delivery With Ramadan Fasting

TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Pregnant women who fast during the month of Ramadan do not have an increased risk of preterm delivery, regardless of when during gestation the fasting occurs, according to research published online July 25 in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

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Vulvodynia Linked to Other Chronic Pain Conditions

MONDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- Women with vulvodynia are approximately two to three times more likely to have a comorbid chronic pain condition such as fibromyalgia, interstitial cystitis, or irritable bowel syndrome, according to research published in the July issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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Gut Microbiota Undergo Remodeling During Pregnancy

FRIDAY, Aug. 3 (HealthDay News) -- Gut microbiota undergo remodeling over the course of pregnancy, with an increase in between-subject diversity and in Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria from the first to the third trimester, according to a study published online Aug. 3 in Cell.

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Childhood Sexual, Physical Abuse Tied to Age at Menarche

THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- Childhood sexual and physical abuse correlate with age at menarche, according to a study published online July 26 in the Journal of Adolescent Health.

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Clinicians Can Unintentionally Prompt Nocebo Effect

THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- The nocebo effect, or induction of a symptom perceived as negative by sham treatment and/or the suggestion of negative expectation, may arise from suggestions by doctors and nurses, according to a study published in Deutsches Ärzteblatt International.

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Drug Combo Ups Survival in Metastatic Breast Cancer

WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- The combination of anastrozole and fulvestrant improves survival in patients with hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer, according to a study published in the Aug. 2 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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RB Pathway Linked to Breast Cancer Treatment Response

THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- Disruption of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB) pathway in breast cancer is associated with an improved response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, according to a study published online July 18 in Clinical Cancer Research.

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Taxane-Induced Neuropathy Not Tied to Breast Cancer Outcome

THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with operable breast cancer, peripheral neuropathy due to adjuvant taxane therapy does not correlate with improved outcomes, according to research published online July 30 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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Causes of Maternal Intrapartum Fever in Induced Labor ID'd

WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Labor induction correlates with a slight increase in maternal temperature, with significant effects seen for time from membrane rupture to delivery and body mass index, according to a study published in the August issue of Anesthesiology.

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Nutrition Type Affects Endocrinology in SGA Infants

WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants who are formula-fed (FOF) have elevated endocrine levels of high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin and insulin growth factor-I (IGF-I) compared with breastfed (BRF) SGA infants, according to research published in the August issue of Diabetes.

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