Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pediatrics for August 2012. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
Study Quantifies Effect of TV Viewing on Adolescent BMI
FRIDAY, Aug. 31 (HealthDay News) -- For adolescents, a decrease in television (TV) viewing time correlates with a lower body mass index (BMI) z score, according to a study published in the September/October issue of the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.
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HbA1c ≥6.5 Percent Is Specific, Not Sensitive for T1DM
FRIDAY, Aug. 31 (HealthDay News) -- Using a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) threshold of ≥6.5 percent is a specific but not sensitive early indicator of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in high-risk children and young adults, according to a study published in the September issue of Diabetes Care.
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'Temper Loss' Model Defines Spectrum of Child Tantrums
FRIDAY, Aug. 31 (HealthDay News) -- The "Temper Loss" model indicates that temper tantrums occur occasionally in most preschoolers, and differentiates between normative misbehavior and less frequent clinically concerning behavior, according to a study published online Aug. 29 in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.
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Teen Vaccinations Found to Be Increasing As Recommended
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Since 2006, a year after the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices expanded the vaccination schedule for adolescents, vaccination coverage has increased, but vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV) in females lags behind other routine vaccinations, according to research published in the Aug. 31 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report.
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Afinitor Disperz Approved for Rare Tumor
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved Afinitor Disperz (everolimus tablets for oral suspension), the first form of the drug Afinitor to be created especially for children.
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Human Whey Better Promotes Gut Bacteria Colonization
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Infant formulas may not support biofilm growth as effectively as human milk does, according to a study published in the August issue of Current Nutrition & Food Science.
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Little Evidence on Efficacy of Interventions in Autism
THURSDAY, Aug. 30 (HealthDay News) -- For adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorders, few studies have assessed treatment approaches, and there is limited evidence available to support specific interventions, with most available studies of poor quality, according to a review published online Aug. 27 by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
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Gene Score IDs Prognosis in Metastatic Neuroblastoma
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- For children with metastatic MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma (NBL-NA) diagnosed at age 18 months or older, increased expression of tumor-associated inflammatory genes seems to correlate with poor prognosis, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
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Dual Effects Noted for Alcohol and Energy Drink Co-Ingestion
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Although consuming alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) increases alertness and may negate some intoxication-related sedation effects, it can lead to negative physiological and psychological side effects associated with overstimulation, according to a study published online Aug. 15 in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research.
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Myeloperoxidase Marker of Inflammation in Obese Children
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- In obese prepubertal children, myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an early biomarker of inflammation and cardiovascular disease risk, according to a study published online Aug. 21 in Diabetes Care.
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Teenage Pot Use Linked to Neuropsychological Decline
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- Persistent marijuana use is associated with neuropsychological decline, with those who start regularly using marijuana as teenagers experiencing greater declines in neuropsychological function than those who start later, and function is not fully restored even if they eventually quit, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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AAP: Health Benefits of Male Circumcision Outweigh Risks
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- The health benefits of circumcision for newborn males outweigh the risks, according to a policy statement from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) published online Aug. 27 in Pediatrics.
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Poorer Bone Health Seen in Black Children With Fractures
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- African-American children with forearm fractures are more likely to have vitamin D deficiency and lower bone mineral density than their peers without fractures, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in Pediatrics.
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Updated Recommendations for Sleep Apnea in Children
MONDAY, Aug. 27 (HealthDay News) -- The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) is revising its recommendations for the diagnosis and management of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children and adolescents, according to a clinical practice guideline published online Aug. 27 in Pediatrics.
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Anorexics Overestimate Own Body Size, but Not That of Others
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) tend to overestimate the size of their body but not the bodies of others, basing their weight and body dimensions on their pre-AN body dimensions, according to research published online Aug. 22 in PLoS One.
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New Model Explains How Lungs Clear Foreign Matter
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Mucus in the lungs clears foreign matter by moving along a brush-like periciliary layer rather than a watery layer, which keeps it from sticking to the airway surface, according to a study published in the Aug. 24 issue of Science.
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Smoking in Pregnancy Linked to Preschool Wheeze, Asthma
FRIDAY, Aug. 24 (HealthDay News) -- Children who are exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy, but not in their first year of life, have an increased likelihood of developing wheeze and asthma at age 4 to 6 years, according to a study published online Aug. 17 in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
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Reporting of Dietary Intake Methods in Obesity Trials Poor
THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- More care needs to be taken in reporting dietary intake methods in childhood and adolescent obesity intervention trials in order to be able to better evaluate and replicate study methods, according to the results of a systematic review published online Aug. 15 in Obesity Reviews.
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Racial Disparity ID'd in Health Behaviors of Fifth-Graders
THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Harmful health-related behaviors are more common among black and Latino fifth-graders than among white fifth-graders, according to a study published in the Aug. 23 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Childhood Radiation Exposure of Pancreas Linked to Diabetes
THURSDAY, Aug. 23 (HealthDay News) -- There is a dose-response relationship between childhood radiation exposure of the pancreas and subsequent risk of diabetes, according to a study published online Aug. 23 in The Lancet Oncology.
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De Novo Mutation Rate Higher in Children of Older Fathers
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Children of older fathers have a higher rate of new mutations, which may affect the risk of diseases such as autism and schizophrenia, according to a study published in the Aug. 23 issue of Nature.
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Infant Exposure to Antibiotics Linked to Later Obesity
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Infants exposed to antibiotics at younger than 6 months of age are at higher risk of being overweight in childhood, according to a study published online Aug. 21 in the International Journal of Obesity.
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Fewer Circumcisions May Increase Infections and Costs
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 22 (HealthDay News) -- The reduced rate of neonatal male circumcision (MC) procedures performed in the United States is estimated to lead to increased infection prevalence and higher medical costs for men and women, according to a study published online Aug. 20 in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.
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Prior Substance Abuse Linked to Opioid Abuse in Young Men
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Any prior substance abuse is associated with current abuse of prescription opioids among 18- to 25-year-old men, but only previous marijuana use correlates with subsequent prescription opioid abuse in young women, according to a study published online Aug. 21 in the Journal of Adolescent Health.
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Evidence-Based Public Health Interventions Identified
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Evidence-based public health interventions to improve dietary habits, increase physical activity, and reduce tobacco use are identified in an American Heart Association scientific statement published online Aug. 20 in Circulation.
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Azathioprine May Benefit Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis
TUESDAY, Aug. 21 (HealthDay News) -- For pediatric patients with refractory atopic dermatitis (AD), oral azathioprine is associated with clinical improvement, and measurement of thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) activity seems useful for monitoring treatment, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.
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Substance in Human Breast Milk Protects Against HIV Transmission
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- High concentrations of specific human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) appear to be protective against postnatal HIV transmission, according to research published online Aug. 15 in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
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Soy Linked to Exacerbated Congenital Hypothyroidism
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- Soy products appear to interfere with levothyroxine absorption and can exacerbate congenital hypothyroidism in infants and young children, according to a case report published online Aug. 20 in Pediatrics.
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Cognitive Deficits Seen for Infants Exposed to Anesthesia
MONDAY, Aug. 20 (HealthDay News) -- Anesthesia exposure before the age of 3 years is associated with deficits in language and abstract reasoning in children at age 10, according to a study published online Aug. 20 in Pediatrics.
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Study Affirms Marijuana, 'Spice' Harmful in Pregnancy
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Exocannabinoids, such as the major psychoactive component of marijuana, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), interfere with the function of the endocannabinoid system, present in the developing central nervous system from conception onward, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Drug Testing and Analysis.
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Better Parent-Physician Communication Needed in NICU
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Although most mothers of infants treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) report that their discussions with NICU physicians have gone well, nearly half disagree with the doctor's assessment of the severity of their infant's illness, according to research published online Aug. 16 in the Journal of Perinatology.
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ADHD-Related Impairment in Girls Persists Into Adulthood
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- For girls who are diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood, impairment is maintained through early adulthood in various domains, including an increased risk for self-harm, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology.
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Study Finds Tobacco Use High in Developing Countries
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Despite global tobacco control efforts, in low- and middle-income countries, nearly half of men use tobacco, women are starting to smoke at earlier ages, and quit ratios are low, according to a study published in the Aug. 18 issue of The Lancet, a theme issue on respiratory medicine.
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Considerable Variation in Outcomes for Cleft Lip/Palate
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- There is considerable variation in the neuropsychological, behavioral, and academic outcomes of individuals with cleft lip and palate, as the outcomes are affected by developmental level, sex, and cleft type, according to a study published in the July issue of The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal.
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Mepolizumab Effective in Treating Eosinophilic Asthma
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with severe eosinophilic asthma, treatment with mepolizumab, a monoclonal antibody against interleukin 5, is effective at reducing clinically significant exacerbations, according to a study published in the Aug. 18 issue of The Lancet, a theme issue on respiratory medicine.
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Delayed Gratification at Age 4 Predictive of BMI in Adulthood
FRIDAY, Aug. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Delayed gratification among preschoolers can predict body mass index (BMI) about 30 years later, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in The Journal of Pediatrics.
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Brain Measurements Predict Age With 92 Percent Accuracy
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Using measurements of more than 200 structural features of the brain, a child's age can be predicted with over 92 percent accuracy, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in Current Biology.
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Ten New Susceptibility Loci Identified for Type 2 Diabetes
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Using a new DNA chip, the Metabochip, which includes 196,725 variants, to identify nominal associations for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other metabolic and cardiovascular traits, 10 novel loci have been identified for T2D, according to research published online Aug. 12 in Nature Genetics.
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Sedentary Behavior Linked to Motor Coordination in Children
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Sedentary behavior among children is linked to motor coordination, with those who engage in low levels of sedentary behavior more likely to have good motor coordination, regardless of physical activity, according to a study published online Aug. 15 in the American Journal of Human Biology.
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Pegylated Interferon Affects Growth, BMI in Children
THURSDAY, Aug. 16 (HealthDay News) -- Pegylated interferon alpha-2a (Peg-IFN-α2a) treatment is linked to significant changes in body weight, linear growth, body mass index (BMI), and body composition in children treated for hepatitis C, according to a study published in the August issue of Hepatology.
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FDA: Codeine May Be Fatal in Subset of Children
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Some children may be at risk for serious adverse events, including death, after taking codeine for relief of pain following tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy for obstructive sleep apnea, according to a safety communication issued Aug. 15 by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration.
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Immune Response to Hep A Vaccine Persists in Children
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Hepatitis A vaccine-induced seropositivity, noted after vaccination of infants younger than 2 years, persists for at least 10 years, according to a study published in the August issue of Hepatology.
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Addiction Tx Implementation Up With Pay for Performance
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Among therapists treating adolescents for substance abuse, pay for performance (P4P) can significantly improve treatment implementation but does not improve patients' end-of-treatment remission status, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.
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Post-Meltdown, Psychological Distress Up Among Workers
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- The March 11, 2011, earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan, triggering the subsequent meltdown of nuclear reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, correlated with an increase in the levels of psychological distress of power plant workers; but, six months to one year later, radiation exposure among individuals in a neighboring community was low, according to two letters to the editor published in the Aug. 15 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Poor Follow-Up of Hospital Tests Often Due to Late Orders
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Poor follow-up of test results at or after discharge from the hospital is often due to tests requested on the day of discharge, according to a letter to the editor published online Aug. 13 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Genetic Features Identified in Tourette's Syndrome, OCD
TUESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Specific genetic variants and features may be factors for Tourette's syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), according to two genome-wide association studies (GWASs) published online Aug. 14 in Molecular Psychiatry.
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Competitive Food Laws Tied to Less BMI Change in Teens
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Exposure to strong state competitive food laws, which regulate the nutrition content of foods and drinks sold outside of federal school meal programs, during childhood is associated with lower body mass index (BMI) change, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Pediatrics.
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Snoring in Young Children Linked to Behavioral Problems
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Persistent, loud snoring in young children aged 2 and 3 years is associated with higher rates of behavior problems, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Pediatrics.
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Adalimumab Effective for Pediatric Crohn's Disease
MONDAY, Aug. 13 (HealthDay News) -- For pediatric patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease, for whom conventional treatment has been unsuccessful, adalimumab induction and maintenance therapy is effective, and appears to be safe, according to a study published in the August issue of Gastroenterology.
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Device Reduces Epileptic Seizure Duration in Rats
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- A device that applies electrical stimulation to the brain in response to a seizure considerably reduces seizure length in a rat model of epilepsy, according to a study published in the Aug. 10 issue of Science.
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Self-Perceived Overweight in Teens Impacts Weight Gain
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- Self-perceived overweight in normal-weight adolescents correlates with increased weight gain in early adulthood, according to a study published in the August issue of the Journal of Obesity.
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Benefits of Bilingualism Apply With Minority Language
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- The development of two languages, including situations where one is a minority language, is beneficial for cognitive development in children, according to a study published in the International Journal of Bilingualism.
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Life Expectancy Has Improved With Childhood Type 1 Diabetes
FRIDAY, Aug. 10 (HealthDay News) -- For children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, life expectancy has increased, with about a 15-year improvement seen from a 1950-1964 subcohort to a 1965-1980 subcohort, according to a study published online July 30 in Diabetes.
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Ventricular Assist Device Beneficial in Youth Heart Failure
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 8 (HealthDay News) -- For children with severe heart failure, use of a ventricular assist device as a bridge to heart transplantation is associated with improved survival compared with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), according to a study published in the Aug. 9 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Measures for Parental Influence on Physical Activity Lacking
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 8 (HealthDay News) -- Accepted measures to address the role of parental influence on child physical activity (PA) are lacking, with current studies characterized by variation in conceptualization and measurement of parenting, use of non-validated instruments, and lack of comprehensive measures, according to a review published online July 30 in Obesity Reviews.
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Racial Disparity in CT Use for Children With Head Trauma
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 8 (HealthDay News) -- Minority children with minor blunt head trauma and low or intermediate risk for clinically important traumatic brain injury are significantly less likely to receive cranial computed tomography (CT) in the emergency department than their nonminority peers with the same risk, according to a study published in the August issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.
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Recent Trends Favorable for Lipid Levels in U.S. Youth
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Among U.S. youth, positive trends were noted in serum lipid concentrations in the period from 1988-1994 to 2007-2010, according to a study published in the Aug. 8 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Topical Treatment Shows Potential for Infantile Eczema
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Ten days of treatment with a cream containing 15(R/S)-methyl-lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is well tolerated and reduces the severity of infantile eczema, according to a study published online July 26 in the British Journal of Dermatology.
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Social Connectedness in Teens Better Predicts Adult Well-Being
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Adolescent social connectedness is a better predictor of adult well-being than academic achievement, according to a study published online July 25 in the Journal of Happiness Studies.
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No Increase in Preterm Delivery With Ramadan Fasting
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Pregnant women who fast during the month of Ramadan do not have an increased risk of preterm delivery, regardless of when during gestation the fasting occurs, according to research published online July 25 in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
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Donor Obesity Ups Risk of Poor Pediatric Transplant Outcome
TUESDAY, Aug. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Severe obesity, but not overweight, in adult donors is a risk factor for graft loss and mortality in pediatric liver transplant recipients, according to a study published in the August issue of Liver Transplantation.
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Diode Laser Efficient, Safe for Tonsillotomy in Children
MONDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- A fiber-guided 1,470 nm diode laser system is safe and effective for tonsillotomy in the treatment of obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy in children, according to a study published online July 26 in Lasers in Surgery and Medicine.
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Focus on Quality Ups Newborn Screening Follow-Up
MONDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- Primary care pediatric practices can improve short-term newborn screening (NBS) follow-up through quality-improvement processes, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in Pediatrics.
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Honey Reduces Cough in Child Upper Respiratory Infection
MONDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- For young children with nocturnal cough and sleep difficulty due to upper respiratory tract infection (URI), treatment with honey is associated with greater symptomatic relief than a silan date placebo, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in Pediatrics.
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Cortical Surface Area Maturation Delayed in ADHD
MONDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- Compared with typically developing children, cortical surface area development is delayed in those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), according to a study published in the Aug. 1 issue of Biological Psychiatry.
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Healthy Media Leads to Fewer Sleep Problems for Children
MONDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- Healthy media with educational and prosocial content leads to fewer sleep problems for children aged 3 to 5 years, compared with violent or age-inappropriate media, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in Pediatrics.
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Celiac Disease Prevalence Is Less Than 1 Percent in the U.S.
MONDAY, Aug. 6 (HealthDay News) -- The prevalence of celiac disease in the United States is 0.71 percent, according to research published online July 31 in the American Journal of Gastroenterology.
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Wide Range of Accuracy in Web-Based Infant Sleep Advice
FRIDAY, Aug. 3 (HealthDay News) -- The accuracy of infant sleep recommendations found on the Internet varies by search terms used and type of Web site, according to a study published online Aug. 2 in The Journal of Pediatrics.
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Clinicians Can Unintentionally Prompt Nocebo Effect
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- The nocebo effect, or induction of a symptom perceived as negative by sham treatment and/or the suggestion of negative expectation, may arise from suggestions by doctors and nurses, according to a study published in Deutsches Ärzteblatt International.
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Childhood Sexual, Physical Abuse Tied to Age at Menarche
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- Childhood sexual and physical abuse correlate with age at menarche, according to a study published online July 26 in the Journal of Adolescent Health.
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Pets May Be Beneficial for Individuals With Autism
THURSDAY, Aug. 2 (HealthDay News) -- Individuals with autism display some improvement in prosocial behaviors after the arrival of a pet in their homes, according to research published online Aug. 1 in PLoS One.
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Nutrition Type Affects Endocrinology in SGA Infants
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants who are formula-fed (FOF) have elevated endocrine levels of high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin and insulin growth factor-I (IGF-I) compared with breastfed (BRF) SGA infants, according to research published in the August issue of Diabetes.
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Monitoring Development Is Key in Congenital Heart Disease
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk of developmental disorders or disabilities and developmental delay, and consequently benefit from periodic developmental surveillance, screening, evaluation, and reevaluation to identify significant deficits, according to an American Heart Association scientific statement published online July 30 in Circulation.
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