March 2017 Briefing - Pediatrics

Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pediatrics for March 2017. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.

Vertical Integration Insurance Products of Higher Quality

FRIDAY, March 31, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Insurance products offered by hospitals and health systems, known as vertical integration, are generally of higher quality than other contracts, according to a study published in the March issue of Health Affairs.

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90 Percent of U.S. Physicians Satisfied With Career Choice

FRIDAY, March 31, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Nine out of 10 American doctors are happy with their choice of profession, even though they have some challenges, according to an American Medical Association (AMA) survey of 1,200 doctors, residents, and medical students, conducted in February.

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Church-Based Program Sings the Praises of Healthy Eating

FRIDAY, March 31, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Implementing a 12-week Body and Soul program that includes demonstration of healthy recipes and peer counseling is associated with increases in weekly servings of fruit and vegetables among African-American church members, according to a community case study published online March 23 in the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Preventing Chronic Disease.

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Quinolone Ear Drops Increase Perforation Risk With Ear Tubes

FRIDAY, March 31, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Children with tympanostomy tube (TT) placement exposed to quinolone ear drops may have an increased risk of perforations requiring tympanoplasty, according to a study published in the April 15 issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases.

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Predictive Low-Glucose Mgmt Cuts Hypoglycemic Events in T1D

FRIDAY, March 31, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- For children with type 1 diabetes, use of the predictive low-glucose management (PLGM) feature of the MiniMed 640G system is associated with a reduced number of hypoglycemic events, according to a study published online March 28 in Diabetes Care.

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C-Section, Maternal Health Impact Odds of Pediatric MS

FRIDAY, March 31, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Maternal and perinatal factors that influence the risk of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) include cesarean delivery and maternal health during pregnancy, according to a study published in the April issue of Pediatrics.

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Extreme Preemies Benefit Most From Corticosteroids Before Birth

THURSDAY, March 30, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Among infants born from 23 to 34 weeks of gestation, antenatal exposure to corticosteroids is associated with lower mortality and morbidity at most gestations, according to a study published online March 28 in The BMJ.

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Enteral DHA Doesn't Cut Preemie Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Risk

THURSDAY, March 30, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Enteral docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation does not reduce the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia for infants born before 29 weeks of gestation, according to a study published in the March 30 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Study Explores Links Between Zika, GBS, Microcephaly in Brazil

WEDNESDAY, March 29, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- The causal links between Zika virus (ZIKV) infection, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and microcephaly need to be further clarified, according to a letter to the editor published online March 29 in the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Substance Abuse Is a Treatable Chronic Medical Condition

WEDNESDAY, March 29, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- In a position paper published online March 28 in the Annals of Internal Medicine, recommendations are presented for the prevention and treatment of substance use disorders.

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Childhood Adiposity Linked to Later Risk of Fatty Liver Disease

WEDNESDAY, March 29, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Childhood adiposity is associated with increased odds of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), according to a study published online March 29 in Pediatrics.

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Pregnancy Risks Upped in Women With Intellectual Disability

WEDNESDAY, March 29, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Pregnant women with intellectual and developmental disabilities are at increased risk for adverse maternal and offspring outcomes, according to a study published in the April issue of BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

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USPSTF: Evidence Lacking for Celiac Dz Screen in Asymptomatic

TUESDAY, March 28, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) concludes that there is currently insufficient evidence to weigh the benefits and harms of screening for celiac disease in asymptomatic adults, adolescents, and children. These findings form the basis of a recommendation statement published in the March 28 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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TV Ads for ACA Enrollment Linked to Decline in Uninsured Rates

TUESDAY, March 28, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- The volume of insurance advertisements during the first Affordable Care Act enrollment period correlated with change in uninsurance rates, with a higher volume of television advertisements linked to declines in uninsurance, according to a study published online March 15 in Health Affairs.

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Teens Exposed to Opioid Rx at Risk for Serious Outcomes

TUESDAY, March 28, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Teenagers with prescription opioid exposures are more likely to have health care facility (HCF) admission and serious medical outcomes than younger children, according to a study published online March 20 in Pediatrics.

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Seventeen States Require AED Installation in Some Schools

TUESDAY, March 28, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Fewer than half of U.S. states require schools to install automated external defibrillators (AEDs), according to a study published in the April 4 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

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Tobacco Use in Youth Higher Among Sexual Minorities

TUESDAY, March 28, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- The prevalence of tobacco use is higher for sexual minorities, with significant differences seen by sex, according to a study published online March 27 in Pediatrics.

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ACP Issues Challenge to Cut Task Burden and Put Patients First

TUESDAY, March 28, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- In a position paper published online March 28 in the Annals of Internal Medicine, recommendations are presented to address the impact of administrative tasks and reduce the administrative burden on clinicians.

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Paid Malpractice Claims Cut in Half From 1992 to 2014 in U.S.

MONDAY, March 27, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- From 1992 to 2014 there was a decrease in the rate of malpractice claims paid on behalf of physicians in the United States, but mean compensation amounts increased, according to a study published online March 27 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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Impact of Breastfeeding on Child Development May Be Short-Lived

MONDAY, March 27, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Breastfeeding has only one positive benefit on children's cognitive and noncognitive development after propensity score-matching, according to a study published online March 27 in Pediatrics.

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Recent Decline in Prescription Opioid Use Among U.S. Teens

FRIDAY, March 24, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- For adolescents, medical and nonmedical use of prescription opioids has declined in recent years, according to a study published online March 20 in Pediatrics.

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Treatment Seeking Low Among Teens With Eating Disorders

FRIDAY, March 24, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Adolescents with eating disorders infrequently seek treatment, according to a study published online March 21 in the International Journal of Eating Disorders.

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Many Youths With Diabetes Not Receiving Eye Examinations

FRIDAY, March 24, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Many youths with diabetes do not receive eye examinations to screen for diabetic retinopathy by six years after initial diagnosis, according to a study published online March 23 in JAMA Ophthalmology.

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Higher Risk of Adverse Outcomes for Births to Young CA Survivors

FRIDAY, March 24, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- The risk of preterm birth and low birth weight is increased for live births for adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors (diagnosed at ages 15 to 39), according to a study published online March 23 in JAMA Oncology.

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30-Day Mortality Down During Joint Commission Survey Weeks

THURSDAY, March 23, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Patients admitted to the hospital during The Joint Commission on-site inspections (surveys) have reduced mortality compared to that seen during non-survey weeks, according to research published online March 20 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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Global Tobacco Control Treaty Has Reduced Smoking Rates

THURSDAY, March 23, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- After 180 countries agreed to a global tobacco control treaty in 2005, there was a 2.55 percent decrease in smoking worldwide during the next decade, according to a study published online March 21 in The Lancet Public Health.

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Perinatal HIV Infection Down in U.S. From 2002 to 2013

THURSDAY, March 23, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- The estimated annual number of perinatal HIV-infected infants born in the United States decreased from 2002 to 2013, according to a study published online March 20 in JAMA Pediatrics.

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Infant Mortality Down in United States From 2005 to 2014

WEDNESDAY, March 22, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- From 2005 to 2014, infant mortality declined for all major racial and ethnic groups in the United States, except American Indian or Alaska Natives, according to a March data brief published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).

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Adenotonsillotomy Noninferior to Adenotonsillectomy in Peds OSA

WEDNESDAY, March 22, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Adenotonsillotomy (ATT) is noninferior to adenotonsillectomy (ATE) for children aged 2 to 6 years with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), according to a study published online March 20 in Pediatrics.

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High BMI in Late Teens Tied to Future Severe Liver Dz in Males

WEDNESDAY, March 22, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- High body mass index (BMI) in late adolescence is associated with future severe liver disease in males, with the risk further increased with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), according to a study published online March 20 in Gut.

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Higher Risk of Death From Injury Among Individuals With Autism

WEDNESDAY, March 22, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Individuals with autism have an increased risk of death from injury, with suffocation, asphyxiation, and drowning identified as the leading causes of injury mortality, according to a study published online March 21 in the American Journal of Public Health.

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Black, Asian Medical Students Less Likely to Be AΩA Members

TUESDAY, March 21, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Black and Asian medical students are less likely to be members of the Alpha Omega Alpha (AΩA) honor society than white students, according to a study published online March 6 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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Prenatal DHA Supplementation Doesn't Increase IQ at Age 7

TUESDAY, March 21, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Prenatal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation does not affect IQ at age 7 years, according to a research letter published in the March 21 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Patient, Physician Co-Washing May Increase Hand Washing

TUESDAY, March 21, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- A new approach to outpatient hand washing involving patient and physician co-washing may increase hand washing, according to a study published in the March/April issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.

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Phthalate, Paraben Levels Up in Children With Atopic Dermatitis

TUESDAY, March 21, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Children aged 4 to 9 years with atopic dermatitis and with frequent use of emollients have increased urinary levels of low-molecular weight (LMW) phthalate metabolites and parabens, according to a study published online March 9 in Allergy.

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Maternal Hyperglycemia Ups Offspring Cardiometabolic Risk

MONDAY, March 20, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Maternal hyperglycemia during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of abnormal glucose tolerance, obesity, and increased blood pressure (BP) in offspring, independent of maternal obesity, according to a study published online March 9 in Diabetes Care.

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Brief Interview by Doctor May Cut Cannabis Use in Some Youth

MONDAY, March 20, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- A brief intervention conducted by general practitioners could reduce cannabis use among some younger users, according to a study published in the March/April issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.

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Tocilizumab Useful for Uveitis in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

FRIDAY, March 17, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated uveitis refractory to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy, tocilizumab (TCZ) is beneficial, yielding improvement in all ocular parameters, according to a study published in the March issue of Arthritis & Rheumatology.

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Supervised Self-Injection Ups Teens' Comfort With Approach

THURSDAY, March 16, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- For food-allergic adolescents at risk for anaphylaxis, supervised self-infection with an empty syringe is associated with improved comfort levels with self-injection, according to a study published in the March-April issue of the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice.

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Foreign Body Ingestion Can Result in Movement Disorder

THURSDAY, March 16, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Ingestion of a foreign body can result in sudden onset of movement disorder in young children, according to a case report published online March 15 in Pediatrics.

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Women Underrepresented Among Grand Rounds Speakers

WEDNESDAY, March 15, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Women seem to be underrepresented among academic grand rounds (GR) speakers, according to a research letter published online March 6 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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Cystic Fibrosis Patients in Canada Live Longer Than Those in U.S.

WEDNESDAY, March 15, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Life expectancy has increased for patients with cystic fibrosis, but those in Canada live nearly 10 years longer than those in the United States, according to research published online March 14 in Annals of Internal Medicine.

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Antibiotics Ineffective for Mildly Infected Eczema in Children

TUESDAY, March 14, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Despite widespread use, antibiotics are not an effective treatment for mild clinically infected eczema in children, according to a study published in the March/April issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.

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Support for Health Law Up to 48 Percent in February

TUESDAY, March 14, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Support for the health law is increasing, with most Americans feeling that Medicaid should continue as it is today, according to a report published by Kaiser Health News.

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Synthetic Cannabinoids Tied to High-Risk Behavior in Adolescents

MONDAY, March 13, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Adolescents who use synthetic cannabinoids are at a heightened risk for violent behavior, high-risk sexual activity, and abuse of other drugs, according to research published online March 13 in Pediatrics.

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Higher Spending by Physicians Not Tied to Better Outcomes

MONDAY, March 13, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Medicare patients treated by higher-spending physicians are just as likely to be readmitted or die within 30 days of being admitted to the hospital as patients treated by doctors who order fewer or less-expensive tests and treatments, according to a study published online March 13 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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Nursery Items Contribute to Increased Infant Injury Rates

MONDAY, March 13, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Emergency department visits for injuries related to strollers, cribs, and other nursery products rose nearly 24 percent between 2003 and 2011, after more than a decade of decline, according to a report published online March 13 in Pediatrics.

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Mite-Proof Mattress Covers Could Reduce Severity of Asthma Flares

MONDAY, March 13, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Children with asthma have fewer severe exacerbations when their beds have mite-proof covers, according to a study published online March 10 in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

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Post-PCV13 Drop in Streptococcus pneumoniae Bacteremia

MONDAY, March 13, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Introduction of seven-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) correlated with a reduction in Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia, according to a review published online March 10 in Pediatrics.

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Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission Low, but More Progress Possible

MONDAY, March 13, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- A small proportion of HIV-infected women continue to transmit the virus to their neonates despite access to high-quality care, according to research published in the April issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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Confidentiality Issues Impact Use of STD Services for Youth

MONDAY, March 13, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- For adolescents and young adults, confidentiality-related concerns are associated with less use of sexually transmitted disease (STD) services, according to a report published in the March 10 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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Skin Prick, sIgE Have Moderate Agreement for Allergic Disease

MONDAY, March 13, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- For 10-year-old children, skin prick test (SPT) and specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) have moderate agreement for allergic diseases, according to a study published online Feb. 24 in Allergy.

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Lowering Cost of Healthy Foods Increases Consumption

FRIDAY, March 10, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Governments could boost the consumption of healthy food by making it less expensive, as well as requiring that unhealthier food be more expensive, according to research published online March 1 in PLOS ONE.

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QI Project Ups Jet Injection of Lidocaine in IV Placements

FRIDAY, March 10, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- A quality improvement project can increase jet injection of lidocaine (JIL) use with intravenous (IV) placements in the emergency department, according to a quality report published online March 9 in Pediatrics.

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EWG Report: Strawberries Have Most Pesticides

THURSDAY, March 9, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Strawberries have the highest level of pesticide contamination in produce, while sweet corn and avocados have the lowest levels, according to an annual report from the Environmental Working Group.

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ACA's Medicaid Expansion May Pose Challenges to Timely Care

THURSDAY, March 9, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- People living in states that expanded Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) are less likely to be uninsured or struggling with the strain of unpaid medical bills, but they also seem to have increased difficulty receiving timely care, according to research published in the March 9 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Nonclinical Factors Drive Antibiotic Choice in Pediatric CAP

THURSDAY, March 9, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- For children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), patient and nonclinical characteristics are associated with receipt of macrolides and broad-spectrum antibiotics versus amoxicillin, according to a study published online March 7 in Pediatrics.

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Obesity in Early Pregnancy May Up Rate of Cerebral Palsy

WEDNESDAY, March 8, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Maternal obesity may be associated with risk of cerebral palsy in full-term infants, according to a study published in the March 7 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Gluten Challenge Rarely Confirms Diagnosis of Gluten Sensitivity

WEDNESDAY, March 8, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- For patients diagnosed with nonceliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), double-blind, placebo-controlled gluten challenge rarely confirms diagnosis, according to research published in the March issue of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.

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Republicans Introduce Affordable Care Act Replacement

TUESDAY, March 7, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- An initial Republican replacement for the Affordable Care Act was formally introduced in the House of Representatives on Monday.

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Watchful Waiting Cost-Effective for Pediatric Acute Otitis Media

TUESDAY, March 7, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Implementation of the American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines of watchful waiting (WW) for acute otitis media (AOM) is cost-effective, according to research published online March 3 in Pediatrics.

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Most Health Care Providers Can Offer Cost Estimate

MONDAY, March 6, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Most provider organizations can offer a cost estimate, although few patients request one, according to a report published by Becker's Hospital CFO.

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CDC: Fewer Teens Using Tanning Beds

MONDAY, March 6, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- The number of U.S. teens who use indoor tanning has dropped by half in recent years, according to a study published online March 3 JAMA Dermatology.

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Quality Improvement Project Can Reduce Pediatric Head CT Use

MONDAY, March 6, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- A quality improvement (QI) project can decrease use of computed tomography (CT) in the emergency department for children with head injury, according to a study published online March 2 in Pediatrics.

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Judgement Bias in Medical Device Recall Decisions

FRIDAY, March 3, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- The characteristics of the signal in user feedback of adverse events associated with medical devices and the situated context of decision makers correlate with judgement bias in reacting to these adverse events, according to research published online Jan. 29 in Production and Operations Management.

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Insecticides Linked to Behavioral Issues in Children

FRIDAY, March 3, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Children exposed to a widely-used group of insecticides (pyrethroids) may be at increased risk for behavioral problems, according to a study published online March 1 in Occupational & Environmental Medicine.

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CDC: Odds of Birth Defects Up 20-Fold in Mothers With Zika

FRIDAY, March 3, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Pregnant women infected with the Zika virus are 20 times more likely to have an infant born with certain birth defects as mothers who gave birth before the Zika epidemic began, according to research published in the March 3 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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CDC: Children Getting Ill From Ingesting Gel Hand Sanitizer

FRIDAY, March 3, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- A rising number of children are becoming ill from ingesting gel hand sanitizer, according to research published in the March 3 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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Overall, 8.8 Percent of U.S. Population Uninsured in 2016

THURSDAY, March 2, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Overall, 8.8 percent of individuals of all ages were uninsured in the first nine months of 2016, which marked a nonsignificant reduction from 2015, according to a Feb. 14 report from the National Center for Health Statistics.

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Cognitive Outcomes in Children No Better With Levothyroxine Tx

THURSDAY, March 2, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Treatment for subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia before 20 weeks of gestation is not associated with better cognitive outcomes in children, according to a study published in the March 2 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Early Dental Visits Don't Appear to Prevent Cavities in Children

WEDNESDAY, March 1, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Children who start seeing the dentist before age 2 may not lower their risk of cavity treatment as they grow older, according to a study published online Feb. 27 in JAMA Pediatrics.

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Complication Rates Often Higher in Youth With T2DM Versus T1DM

WEDNESDAY, March 1, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Young people with type 2 diabetes are much more likely to show signs of complications from the disease than those who have type 1 diabetes, according to a study published in the Feb. 28 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Exposure to Neuraminidase Inhibitors in Utero Not Harmful

WEDNESDAY, March 1, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Exposure to neuraminidase inhibitors during pregnancy is not associated with adverse neonatal outcomes or congenital malformations, according to a study published online Feb. 28 in The BMJ.

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