October 2010 Briefing - Psychiatry

Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Psychiatry for October 2010. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.

Video, TV, Gamer Violence Desensitizes Teenage Boys

FRIDAY, Oct. 29 (HealthDay News) -- Adolescent boys who watch violent movies or television programs or play violent video games may become desensitized to aggression, which could promote aggressive attitudes and behaviors, according to a study published online Oct. 7 in Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience.

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Latuda Approved for Adult Schizophrenia

THURSDAY, Oct. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Lurasidone HCI (Latuda) tablets have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat adult schizophrenia, which affects about 1 percent of the nation's adult population in a given year, the agency said Thursday in a news release.

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Opioid Substitution Rx Lowers Mortality Risk for Abusers

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 27 (HealthDay News) -- Despite increased risk during the first two weeks, the risk of death during opioid substitution therapy is lower, overall, than the risk of death out of treatment, according to research published online Oct. 26 in BMJ.

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Poor Social Support May Hurt Kidney Patients

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 27 (HealthDay News) -- Dialysis patients may be more vulnerable to premature death, low physical quality of life, and lack of adherence to doctors' recommendations if they have little support from family and friends, according to research published online Oct. 21 in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.

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Smoking in Midlife Linked to Later Dementia Risk

TUESDAY, Oct. 26 (HealthDay News) -- Individuals who smoke heavily in midlife appear to have a higher risk of dementia -- including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia -- decades later, according to research published online Oct. 25 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.

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Primary Care Trails Other Specialties in Hourly Wages

TUESDAY, Oct. 26 (HealthDay News) -- Primary care physicians have substantially lower hourly wages than other specialists, and although most physicians find Medicare reimbursement inequitable, they show little consensus on how to reform it, according to two studies published in the Oct. 25 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.

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High-Risk Teens, Parents Underreport Illicit Drug Use

MONDAY, Oct. 25 (HealthDay News) -- Self-reports of illicit drug use by high-risk teens and reports of teen drug use by parents are substantially lower than actual drug use as determined objectively by analysis of hair samples, according to a study published online Oct. 25 in Pediatrics.

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Functional MRI Helps Distinguish Pediatric Mental Disorders

FRIDAY, Oct. 22 (HealthDay News) -- Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to observe brain activity related to emotional responses and working memory can help distinguish between pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conditions which may have similar symptoms in children, according to a study in the October issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry.

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Psychiatric Comorbidity Ups 30-Day Surgical Mortality

THURSDAY, Oct. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Surgical patients with a preexisting psychiatric comorbidity have a greater 30-day post-surgical mortality risk, according to research published in the October issue of the Archives of Surgery.

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Children With Food Allergies May Face More Bullying

THURSDAY, Oct. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Children and teens with food allergies are at increased risk of bullying and harassment, according to a report published in the October issue of the Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.

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Magnetic Therapy Shows Lasting Benefit in Major Depression

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 20 (HealthDay News) -- Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a noninvasive, non-drug therapy that has been shown to be successful for acute relief of depressive symptoms, appears to have durable long-term benefits as well, according to research published in the October issue of Brain Stimulation.

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Alcohol, Marijuana Use Linked to Youths' Cognitive Problems

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 20 (HealthDay News) -- Heavy alcohol consumption, as well as marijuana use, appears to affect cognitive development in adolescents, according to research published online Oct. 19 in Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research.

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DHA Supplements Don't Prevent Postpartum Depression

TUESDAY, Oct. 19 (HealthDay News) -- The results of the large, multicenter DOMInO (DHA to Optimize Mother Infant Outcome) trial do not support routine docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation for pregnant women to reduce depressive symptoms or to improve cognitive or language outcomes in early childhood, according to research published in the Oct. 20 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Offspring of Maternal Suicides at Risk for Suicide Attempt

MONDAY, Oct. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Children who lose a mother to suicide appear to be at increased risk for suicide attempt-related hospitalization compared with children who lose a mother to a fatal accident, but this association doesn't hold for children who lose a father to suicide, according to research published online Oct. 18 in Pediatrics.

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New Love May Reduce Pain

FRIDAY, Oct. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Researchers testing newly in love undergraduates found that the activation of reward systems that occurred when the subjects viewed pictures of their loved one helped reduce pain during an experiment; their research was published online Oct. 13 in PLoS ONE.

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Epidemiology of Multiple-, Single-Child Autism Described

FRIDAY, Oct. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Though some families have a single child with autism spectrum disorder, other families have multiple autistic children or otherwise normal children with some autistic traits, suggesting differing genetic bases for the condition, according to a study published Oct. 1 in The American Journal of Psychiatry.

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Bioavailable Testosterone Linked to Lower Alzheimer's Risk

THURSDAY, Oct. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Higher levels of bioavailable testosterone may be protective against Alzheimer's disease in older men, according to research published online Aug. 6 in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

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Pattern of MRI Findings Predicts Cognitive Decline

THURSDAY, Oct. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have more cerebral microhemorrhages and an altered iron distribution on magnetic resonance imaging compared with controls, and analysis using a support vector machine (SVM) may identify patients with MCI at higher risk of cognitive decline, according to research published online Oct. 5 in Radiology.

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Brain Hemisphere Connectivity Differs for Males With Autism

THURSDAY, Oct. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Researchers using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have identified differences in the way the hemispheres of the brain communicate with each other in males with autism compared with normally developing males, according to a study published online Oct. 12 in Cerebral Cortex.

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Fibromyalgia Sufferers May Benefit From Yoga Practice

THURSDAY, Oct. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Yoga might provide an effective counterpart to pharmacotherapy in helping patients cope with and manage fibromyalgia, according to research published in the November issue of Pain.

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Disabled, Ill Youths at Higher Risk of Being Bullied

THURSDAY, Oct. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Adolescents with disabilities or chronic illness appear more likely to be bullied, with certain social and family factors affecting their risk, according to research published online Oct. 8 in the Journal of Adolescent Health.

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Online Screening for Cancer-Related Distress Feasible

THURSDAY, Oct. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Online screening for distress in cancer patients is feasible and effective, according to research published online Oct. 12 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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Long-Distance Walking Ups Gray Matter Volume

THURSDAY, Oct. 14 (HealthDay News) -- In older adults, more physical activity is associated with greater gray matter volume years later, which in turn is linked to a lower risk of cognitive impairment, according to research published online Oct. 13 in Neurology.

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Vivitrol Approved to Prevent Opioid Addiction Relapse

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Vivitrol (naltrexone extended release) has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat and prevent relapse among opioid-dependent people who have completed a detoxification program.

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Neonatal Jaundice Ups Risk of Infantile Autism

MONDAY, Oct. 11 (HealthDay News) -- Neonatal jaundice appears to increase the risk of autism and other psychological development disorders, but only for a subset of term infants, according to research published online Oct. 11 in Pediatrics.

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Limited Screen Time Best Even for Active Children

MONDAY, Oct. 11 (HealthDay News) -- Watching TV or using a computer for more than two hours each day increases a child's risk of psychological difficulties, and the risk is even higher if the child is not physically active, according to research published online Oct. 11 in Pediatrics.

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Meta-analysis Shows Reboxetine Likely Ineffective

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 13 (HealthDay News) -- Reboxetine is likely ineffective for the treatment of major depressive disorder and associated with harmful adverse events, according to a study published online Oct. 12 in BMJ.

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Experts Propose New Lexicon for Alzheimer's Disease

TUESDAY, Oct. 12 (HealthDay News) -- The International Working Group for New Research Criteria for the Diagnosis of AD (Alzheimer's disease) has proposed a new lexicon as a point of reference for earlier diagnosis of AD patients in a position paper published online Oct. 11 in The Lancet Neurology.

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Somatic Symptom Burden High in Cancer Patients

TUESDAY, Oct. 12 (HealthDay News) -- Regardless of cancer type or phase, there is a high prevalence of somatic symptoms in cancer patients with chronic pain or depression, according to research published Oct. 11 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.

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ER Nurses Have Important Role in Psychosocial Interventions

MONDAY, Oct. 11 (HealthDay News) -- Nurses play a critical role in calming and comforting emergency department patients, and, with knowledge of what causes patients' fear and anxiety, may be able to apply evidence-based psychosocial interventions to decrease fear and increase comfort, according to a literature review published in the September issue of the Journal of Emergency Nursing.

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Light Drinking in Pregnancy Not a Cause of Childhood Problems

MONDAY, Oct. 11 (HealthDay News) -- At age 5, children of women who were light drinkers during pregnancy do not have higher risk of socioemotional or cognitive deficits than those of women who did not drink at all in pregnancy, according to a study published online Oct. 5 in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

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Mother's Stress Levels Affect Child's Asthma Status

FRIDAY, Oct. 8 (HealthDay News) -- Different types of emotional stress and coping behaviors among mothers may have different impacts on children's asthma status, according to a study published Oct. 7 in BioPsychoSocial Medicine.

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Family-Based Treatment Improves Adolescent Anorexia

FRIDAY, Oct. 8 (HealthDay News) -- A family-based treatment (FBT) approach appears to be more effective in facilitating full remission over the longer term than an adolescent-focused individual therapy (AFT) approach for adolescents with anorexia nervosa, according to a study published in the October issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

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Pregnancy Depression Linked to Adverse Birth Outcomes

FRIDAY, Oct. 8 (HealthDay News) -- Maternal depression during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW), though the strength of the relationship varies by country, measurement of depression, and, in the United States, socioeconomic status, according to research published in the October issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

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Most Alcohol Disorders After Disasters Also Precede Them

THURSDAY, Oct. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Most alcohol use disorders among survivors following disasters are continued or recurring problems, according to research published online Oct. 4 in the Archives of General Psychiatry.

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Well-Being, Cardiorespiratory Fitness Key to Survival

THURSDAY, Oct. 7 (HealthDay News) -- Low levels of negative emotion and high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are independent predictors of long-term survival, and individuals who have both are at much lower risk of premature death, according to research published in the October issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.

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ADHD, Conduct Disorder Tied to Later Substance Use Problems

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 6 (HealthDay News) -- Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be at risk for adulthood substance use disorders (SUDs), particularly if they have conduct disorder (CD) as well, according to research published in the October issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.

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Binge Drinking Common in U.S. Adults, High School Students

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 6 (HealthDay News) -- Binge drinking occurs among about a quarter of high school students and adults 18 to 34 years of age and is reported by more than 33 million U.S. adults every year, and the levels do not appear to be declining, according to a report published Oct. 5 in the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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Neuroticism Shown to Come at a Considerable Price

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 6 (HealthDay News) -- Neuroticism is associated with substantial economic costs that exceed the costs of common mental disorders, according to research published in the October issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

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Deep Brain Stimulation Improves OCD Symptoms

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 6 (HealthDay News) -- Bilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus accumbens appears to be a safe and effective treatment for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), according to a study in the October issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

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Investigations May Not Lower Risk of Child Maltreatment

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 6 (HealthDay News) -- The investigation of suspected child maltreatment by Child Protective Services does not appear to result in an improvement in modifiable risk factors for child maltreatment, according to research published in the October issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.

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Children With ADHD at Risk for Depression, Suicide Later

TUESDAY, Oct. 5 (HealthDay News) -- Young children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have more than a four-fold increased risk of depression and a nearly four-fold increased risk of suicide attempt by age 18, according to research published in the October issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

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Mortality Predictors for Parkinson's Disease Identified

TUESDAY, Oct. 5 (HealthDay News) -- Age at onset (AAO), chronological age, presence of dementia, motor severity, and psychosis are among the independent factors predictive of mortality in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, according to research published in the Oct. 5 issue of Neurology.

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Nearly 10 Percent of Adults Report Depression Symptoms

FRIDAY, Oct. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Nearly one out of 10 American adults has symptoms of current depression, with estimates of depression varying widely between states, according to research published in the Oct. 1 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

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