October 2016 Briefing - Pulmonology

Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pulmonology for October 2016. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.

Clean Indoor Environment Can Help Keep Asthma in Check

MONDAY, Oct. 31, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Reducing indoor allergens and pollutants can help control children's asthma, reducing their need for medication, according to a report from the American Academy of Pediatrics published online Oct. 31 in Pediatrics.

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Depressive Symptoms Linked to Functional Status in CAD

MONDAY, Oct. 31, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with stable coronary artery disease, depressive symptoms and cardiac disease severity independently affect patient-reported functional status, according to a study published in the Nov. 1 issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.

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Questionnaire, Peak Flow Can ID Undiagnosed COPD

MONDAY, Oct. 31, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- A five-item questionnaire plus peak expiratory flow (PEF) can identify undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to a study published online Oct. 26 in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

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Few Changes in Employer-Sponsored Insurance 2013-2014

MONDAY, Oct. 31, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Private sector employer-sponsored health insurance offerings were similar in 2013 and 2014, with <3.5 percent of employers dropping coverage and 1.1 percent adding coverage, according to a report published online Oct. 26 in Health Affairs.

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Useful Tips Offered for Addressing Negative Patient Reviews

FRIDAY, Oct. 28, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- In an article published in Medical Economics, five tips are presented to address negative patient reviews.

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Negligible Benefit for Oxygen in Patients With Mild COPD

THURSDAY, Oct. 27, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Oxygen therapy may not help patients in the less severe stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to research published in the Oct. 27 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Same-Day CT Imaging Cuts Unnecessary Bronchoscopy

THURSDAY, Oct. 27, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Computed tomography (CT) imaging of the chest on the same day as a scheduled bronchoscopic procedure can identify partial or total resolution of some lung nodules and reduce unnecessary procedures, according to a study published online Oct. 19 in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society.

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Quality Improvement Methods Improve Asthma Care

THURSDAY, Oct. 27, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Implementation of quality improvement (QI) methods can improve timely administration of short-acting β-agonists (SABAs) for acute asthma in a pediatric emergency department, according to a study published online Oct. 26 in Pediatrics.

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Even Young Blood Vessels Can Be Damaged by Air Pollution

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 26, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Even young, healthy adults can suffer endothelial injury from air pollution, according to a study published online Oct. 25 in Circulation Research.

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Heart Failure Care Up, Regardless of Hospital Teaching Status

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 26, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Adherence to performance measures is similar at teaching hospitals (TH) and nonteaching hospitals (NTH), according to a study published online Oct. 25 in Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes.

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Searching for Price Info Affects Choice of Health Care Facility

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 26, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Patients searching for prices on imaging services and sleep studies choose health care facilities with lower prices, according to a research letter published online Oct. 24 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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Recommendations for Ventilator Liberation in Hospitalized Adults

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 26, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- In a Clinical Practice Guideline published online Oct. 20 in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, recommendations are presented for ventilator liberation for acutely hospitalized adults who have been mechanically ventilated for more than 24 hours.

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Narrow-Spectrum Abx Feasible in Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia

TUESDAY, Oct. 25, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- It may be safe to switch from broad- to narrow-spectrum antibiotic coverage once hospitalized patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia reach clinical stability, according to a study published online Oct. 3 in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society.

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Smoking Still Responsible for Many U.S. Cancer Deaths

MONDAY, Oct. 24, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Nearly one-third of cancer deaths among Americans aged 35 or older are caused by smoking, and the rate is much higher in the South, according to research published online Oct. 24 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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ICU Clinicians Cautiously Support Electronic Portals

MONDAY, Oct. 24, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Clinicians are cautiously supportive of an electronic portal to enhance communication in the intensive care unit (ICU), according to a study published online Oct. 4 in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society.

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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Deaths Down 1999 to 2014

FRIDAY, Oct. 21, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- From 1999 to 2014 the numbers of deaths, both accidental and intentional, due to carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning significantly declined in the United States, according to a study published in the October issue of the Annals of the American Thoracic Society.

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Cardiac Rehabilitation Does Not Up Health Status After AMI

FRIDAY, Oct. 21, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Participation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) does not improve reported health status during the year following acute myocardial infarction (AMI); however, participation in CR does confer a significant survival benefit, according to a study published online Oct. 19 in JAMA Cardiology.

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Pulmonary Embolism May Be Cause of Syncope in Some Elderly

THURSDAY, Oct. 20, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- About one of every six patients hospitalized for a first episode of syncope has a pulmonary embolism, according to a study published in the Oct. 20 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

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CPAP Improves Asthma Control, QoL for Adults With Asthma, OSA

THURSDAY, Oct. 20, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- For adults with asthma and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is associated with improved asthma control, quality of life, and lung function, according to a study published online Oct. 12 in Allergy.

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Angina Pectoris Linked to Worse HRQoL in Heart Failure

THURSDAY, Oct. 20, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, angina pectoris (AP) is associated with worse health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and depressive symptoms, according to a study published in the Oct. 15 issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.

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Considerable Absenteeism Costs for Chronic Disease, Risk Factors

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 19, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Considerable costs are associated with absenteeism related to chronic diseases and health risk factors, according to a study published in the Oct. 6 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Preventing Chronic Disease.

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Financial Toxicity Is a Relevant Cancer Outcome Measure

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 19, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Financial toxicity is a clinically relevant outcome for patients receiving treatment for advanced cancer, according to a study published online Oct. 7 in Cancer.

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Regulatory T Cells Decreased With Farm Exposure at Age 6

TUESDAY, Oct. 18, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- At age 6 years, regulatory T cells (Tregs) are decreased with farm exposure and increased among those with asthma, according to a study published online Oct. 12 in Allergy.

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Spironolactone Benefits Exercise Tolerance in HFpEF

TUESDAY, Oct. 18, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- For patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) with an exercise-induced increase in the ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and mitral annular early diastolic velocity (E/e'), spironolactone is associated with improved exercise capacity, according to a study published in the Oct. 25 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

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Arrhythmias Not Induced by Caffeine in Heart Failure Patients

MONDAY, Oct. 17, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Caffeine doesn't appear to increase the risk of arrhythmias in patients with heart failure, according to research published online Oct. 17 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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Quality of Outpatient Care Has Not Consistently Improved in U.S.

MONDAY, Oct. 17, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Efforts to improve the quality of clinical care in the United States have had little impact on many aspects of outpatient care, according to an analysis published online Oct. 17 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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Mortality Not Up at Nurse-Practitioner-Staffed ICU

MONDAY, Oct. 17, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Admission to a nurse-practitioner-staffed medical intensive care unit (ICU) is not associated with increased mortality compared with admission to a resident-staffed medical ICU, according to a study published online Sept. 14 in Critical Care Medicine.

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Lower Monthly Premiums for Narrow-Network Plans

MONDAY, Oct. 17, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Narrow-network health insurance plans have lower monthly premiums than larger-network plans, according to a study published in the October issue of Health Affairs.

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Snus Use Tied to Higher Risk of Prostate Cancer Mortality

FRIDAY, Oct. 14, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- A type of smokeless tobacco called snus may increase a prostate cancer patient's mortality risk, according to a study published online Oct. 12 in the International Journal of Cancer.

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Migrants Screened for Active TB Pose Negligible Transmission Risk

FRIDAY, Oct. 14, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Migrants from countries with a high incidence of tuberculosis who undergo screening before entry to low-incidence countries pose a negligible risk of onward transmission but are at increased risk of the infection, according to a study published online Oct. 11 in The Lancet.

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Computerized Ordering Tool Cuts Imaging Cardiac Stress Tests

THURSDAY, Oct. 13, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- A computerized order entry tool can increase the use of nonimaging cardiac stress tests among hospitalized patients, according to a study published in the Oct. 15 issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.

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Doctors Better Diagnosticians Than Symptom-Checker Programs

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 12, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Physicians are twice as likely to get the right diagnosis on the first try as 23 popular symptom-checking computer programs, according to a research letter published online Oct. 11 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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Late Mortality Mainly Noncardiac for TAVR Patients

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 12, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- For high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), late mortality is mainly related to noncardiac causes, according to research published in the Oct. 11 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

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Copay Assist Programs Creating Problems in Health Care Markets

TUESDAY, Oct. 11, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Despite offering assistance to individuals who cannot afford expensive medications, copay assistance programs create broader problems in health care markets, according to an Ideas and Opinions piece published online Oct. 11 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

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Ventilators May Be Overused Among Dementia Patients in ICUs

MONDAY, Oct. 10, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- There has been an increase in the use of mechanical ventilation over time without substantial improvement in survival among hospitalized nursing home residents with advanced dementia, according to a study published online Oct. 10 in JAMA Internal Medicine.

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U.S. Health Care System Is One of the Least Efficient Worldwide

MONDAY, Oct. 10, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. health care system is one of the least efficient worldwide based on a Bloomberg index that assesses life expectancy, health care spending per capita, and relative spending as a share of gross domestic product, according to a report published by Bloomberg.

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Video-Only CPR Education Noninferior to Manikin Training

MONDAY, Oct. 10, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- For high-risk cardiac patients, video-only (VO; no manikin) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training is noninferior to training with a video self-instruction kit (VSI; with manikin), according to a study published online Oct. 4 in Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes.

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Communication Facilitator Beneficial in Intensive Care Unit

MONDAY, Oct. 10, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Adding a full-time trained communication facilitator in the intensive care unit (ICU) may improve quality of care while also reducing costs, according to a study published online Sept. 27 in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society.

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Global Burden of Disease Report Evaluates the World's Health

FRIDAY, Oct. 7, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- The United States lags behind other advanced nations when it comes to infant mortality and the life expectancy of its citizens, according to a comprehensive review of global health statistics published in the Oct. 8 issue of The Lancet.

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Strategies Presented for Managing Physician Burnout

FRIDAY, Oct. 7, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Effective strategies for managing physician burnout include mindfulness and stress-management training, according to a review published online Sept. 28 in The Lancet.

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Price Increases Larger for Older Cancer Drugs Than Newer Ones

FRIDAY, Oct. 7, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- After adjusting for inflation, nearly two-thirds of 86 cancer medications had price increases between 2010 and 2015, according to a research letter published online Oct. 6 in JAMA Oncology.

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Frailty Under-Recognized in Older Thoracic Surgery Patients

FRIDAY, Oct. 7, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Frailty often goes unrecognized in older thoracic surgery patients, according to a study published online Oct. 6 in the Annals of Thoracic Surgery.

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Variation in Medicare Payments for Peri-Op Complications

FRIDAY, Oct. 7, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- For patients undergoing four selected inpatient operations, there is considerable variation across hospitals in Medicare payments for those rescued from perioperative complications, according to a study published online Oct. 5 in JAMA Surgery.

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Changes in Depression Symptoms Tied to Mortality in Lung Cancer

THURSDAY, Oct. 6, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Longitudinal changes in depression are associated with differences in mortality among patients with lung cancer, according to a study published online Oct. 3 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

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U.S. Smoking Rates Vary Across Counties Within States

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 5, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Parts of the Midwest and South have the highest smoking rates in the United States, according to a study published online Oct. 1 in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.

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Hypothermia No Help When Cardiac Arrest Occurs in Hospital

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 5, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- While therapeutic hypothermia may help improve some outcomes, it doesn't appear to provide benefit when cardiac arrest happens in a hospital setting, according to a study published in the Oct. 4 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Doctors Spending in Excess of $32,000 on Health IT

TUESDAY, Oct. 4, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Doctors are spending more than $32,000 per year on health information technology (IT), according to an article published in Medical Economics.

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More Evidence for Benefit of Reduced Salt Intake on Mortality

TUESDAY, Oct. 4, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Sodium intake has a direct relationship with total mortality, according to a report published in the Oct. 11 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

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New AMA Module Helps Identify Physician Distress

MONDAY, Oct. 3, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- A new resource has been developed to help physicians identify distressed colleagues and help them to access care, according to a report published by the American Medical Association (AMA).

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Prevalence of Allergic Sensitization Increases With Age

MONDAY, Oct. 3, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- The prevalence of allergic sensitization increases with age, according to a study published online Sept. 23 in Allergy.

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