TUESDAY, Sept. 3, 2019 (HealthDay News) -- Family history and an individual history of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to iodinated contrast media (ICM) are associated with an increased likelihood of HSRs, according to a study published online Sept. 3 in Radiology.
Min Jae Cha, M.D., from the Chung-Ang University Hospital in Seoul, South Korea, and colleagues identified the prevalence, patterns, risk factors, and preventive measures for ICM-related HSRs.
The researchers found that the overall prevalence of HSRs was 0.73 percent among 196,081 patients who underwent ICM administration, and severe reactions occurred in 0.01 percent. In an analysis of 1,433 patients with HSR and a 1:1 matched control group, predictors of HSR occurrence included a patient's previous individual history of an ICM-related HSR (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 198.8), hyperthyroidism (aOR, 3.6), drug allergy (aOR, 3.5) and other allergic disease (aOR, 6.8), and family history of ICM-related HSRs (aOR, 14.0). Premedication with antihistamine and change in the generic profile of ICM were preventive against recurrent HSR (odds ratio for both, 0.5).
"We wanted to emphasize in our study the importance of premedication and change of iodinated contrast media type as useful preventive measures to prevent recurrent hypersensitivity reaction," Cha said in a statement. "Hypersensitivity reactions to iodinated contrast media are not rare, but many of them are still preventable."
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